Pharmacology (ჰორმონები)

The correct answer is a combination of "triiodothyronine" and "thyroxine". These are hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism and growth in the body.

Thyrotropic hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and growth. Therefore, the correct answer is "თირეოტროპული ჰორმონი" (thyrotropic hormone).

Thyroid-releasing hormone stimulates the release of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body. Thyroid-releasing hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and acts on the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which then triggers the release of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. Therefore, the correct answer is thyroid-releasing hormone.

The correct answer is "ელენთა და სათესლე ჯირკვლები" (elenita da satesle jirklebi). This answer is correct because it states that the receptors for parathyroid hormones are found in the bones of the body, specifically in the cells of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This means that the parathyroid hormones can directly affect the function and regulation of these bone cells.

The correct answer is the heart. The question is asking about the receptors of the hormones produced by the parathyroid glands, which are located in the neck. These hormones are involved in regulating calcium levels in the body. The heart contains receptors for these hormones, allowing it to respond to their signals and regulate its function accordingly.

T4 (thyroxine) is converted to T3 (triiodothyronine) through the process of deiodination. Deiodination refers to the removal of an iodine atom from a molecule. Therefore, the correct answer is "დეიოდიზაციით" (deiodination).

The correct answer is 40ლ. This means that the volume of distribution (Vd) for Triiodothyronine (T3) is 40 liters. Vd is a pharmacokinetic parameter that represents the apparent volume in which a drug is distributed in the body. In this case, it indicates that T3 is distributed throughout the body in a volume of 40 liters.

The correct answer is "სიცივე" (dehydration). The question is asking about the hormone that is responsible for the production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) by the hypothalamus. Dehydration can stimulate the release of TRH, which then stimulates the pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), leading to the production of thyroid hormones. Therefore, dehydration can indirectly increase the production of thyroid hormones.

The recommended daily intake of iodine for adults is 150 micrograms (μg). Therefore, the answer of 200μg is within the recommended range.

Adenylate-cyclase is an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which is involved in the regulation of various hormones. TSH stimulates the adenylate-cyclase mechanism, leading to the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones. Therefore, the correct answer suggests that TSH acts through the adenylate-cyclase mechanism to stimulate the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones.

The correct answer is that peroxidase converts ionized iodide (I-) to atomic iodine (I0). This conversion is an important step in the production of thyroid hormones, as atomic iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

The correct answer is "ძლიერი სტრესი" (strong stress). This is because the hypothalamus is responsible for regulating the body's response to stress. When the body is under stress, the hypothalamus signals the release of various hormones, including thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which ultimately leads to the production of thyroid hormones and cortisol. Therefore, a strong stress response can stimulate the production of thyreoid-releasing hormone and result in increased production of thyroid hormones.

T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) are hormones produced by the thyroid gland. The correct answer states that the level of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 increases in the blood. This is because the question is asking about the levels of these hormones during the process of iodine uptake. During iodine uptake, the thyroid gland takes up iodine from the blood to produce T3 and T4 hormones. Therefore, the levels of these hormones in the blood increase during this process.

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The correct answer is that the synthesis of triiodothyronine occurs through the combination of mono- and diiodotyrosine molecules.

Iodine is transported in the thyroid gland by a sodium-iodide symporter, which is a protein that helps transport iodine into the thyroid follicular cells. This allows iodine to be used in the production of thyroid hormones.

The recommended daily intake of iodine for an organism is 200mg.

T3 is converted into its active form, T4, through the deiodination of the inner ring structure.

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Iodides and thioureas are substances that undergo iodination during the process of iodine organification. This process involves the incorporation of iodine into organic compounds, such as the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Therefore, iodides and thioureas play a role in the iodine organification process.

The correct answer is "თიოციანატი და პერქლორატი" which means "iodides and perchlorates" in English. Iodides and perchlorates are substances that can interfere with the function of the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism in the body. Therefore, they can inhibit the transportation of iodine in the thyroid gland, leading to a decrease in thyroid hormone production. This can cause various thyroid-related health problems.

The correct answer states that the mechanism of Wolf-Chaikoff inhibits the organification of iodine at high doses of iodine. This means that when there is a high concentration of iodine in the body, the mechanism prevents the iodine from being converted into its organic form, which is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. This mechanism helps regulate the levels of thyroid hormones in the body and prevents excessive production of thyroid hormones in response to high iodine levels.

Amiodarone is a medication that is known to inhibit the conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues. This means that it prevents the production of T3 from T4 in the peripheral organs. Therefore, it is the correct answer as it directly relates to the question and explains the mechanism by which it affects the conversion of T4 to T3.

Iodides inhibit the release of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 into the bloodstream.