Newton's 2nd & 3rd Law
Newton's 2nd + 3rd Laws
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A rock is propelled along a straight line in deep space by a constant force. If the force on the rocket decreases by half, its acceleration
- A.
Stays the same
- B.
Decreases by half
- C.
Triples
- D.
Doubles
Correct Answer
B. Decreases by halfExplanation
When a rock is propelled along a straight line in deep space by a constant force, its acceleration is directly proportional to the force acting on it. Therefore, if the force on the rock decreases by half, its acceleration will also decrease by half. This is because the force and acceleration have a linear relationship, meaning that any change in force will result in an equal change in acceleration.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Two factors that greatly affect air resistance on falling objects are the
- A.
Surface area and speed
- B.
Surface texture and weight
- C.
Surface texture and mass
- D.
Surface area and gravity
Correct Answer
A. Surface area and speedExplanation
The correct answer is surface area and speed. When an object falls through the air, the larger its surface area, the more air resistance it experiences. This is because a larger surface area creates more contact with the air molecules, leading to a greater force opposing the object's motion. Similarly, the speed of the falling object also affects air resistance. As the speed increases, the air resistance also increases, as more air molecules collide with the object per unit of time. Therefore, both surface area and speed play a significant role in determining the amount of air resistance experienced by a falling object.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Terminal velocity occurs when
- A.
The net force on a falling object is zero
- B.
An object no longer accelerates during free fall
- C.
The air resistance on an object is equal to its weight
- D.
All of the above are correct
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are correctExplanation
Terminal velocity occurs when the net force on a falling object is zero, meaning that the gravitational force pulling it downward is balanced by the air resistance pushing upward. At this point, the object no longer accelerates during free fall and reaches a constant speed. Additionally, the air resistance on the object is equal to its weight, further contributing to the balance of forces. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned are correct explanations for terminal velocity.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A softball player hits a ball with a bat. The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. The reaction this force is the
- A.
Weight of the ball
- B.
Air resistance of the ball
- C.
Force of the ball against the bat
- D.
The force of the grip of the player and the bat
Correct Answer
C. Force of the ball against the batExplanation
When a softball player hits a ball with a bat, the action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the reaction force to the action force of the bat against the ball is the force of the ball against the bat.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An unfortunate bug splatters on your windshield while you are driving your car. Compared to the force of the car on the bug, the force of the bug on the car is
- A.
Less and in the opposite direction
- B.
Greater and in the same direction
- C.
Equal and in opposite direction
- D.
Equal and in same direction
Correct Answer
A. Less and in the opposite directionExplanation
When a bug splatters on a windshield, the force exerted by the car on the bug is greater than the force exerted by the bug on the car. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, the action is the force exerted by the car on the bug, and the reaction is the force exerted by the bug on the car. Therefore, the force of the bug on the car is less and in the opposite direction.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In Question #5 above, does the bug or the car have the greater acceleration?
- A.
They both have the same acceleration
- B.
The car has the greater acceleration
- C.
The bug has the greater acceleration
Correct Answer
C. The bug has the greater accelerationExplanation
The bug has the greater acceleration because it is able to accelerate faster than the car. This means that the bug can increase its velocity at a quicker rate compared to the car.Rate this question:
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- 7.
When a gun is fired, both the bullet and the gun undergo acceleration. The bullet's acceleration is
- A.
More than the gun's acceleration because it has less mass
- B.
More than the gun's acceleration because it receives more force
- C.
Less than the gun's acceleration because it receives less force
- D.
Less than the gun's acceleration because it has less mass
Correct Answer
A. More than the gun's acceleration because it has less massExplanation
The bullet's acceleration is more than the gun's acceleration because it has less mass. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass when the force acting on it is constant. Since the bullet has less mass compared to the gun, it experiences a greater acceleration when the same force is applied to both objects.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Two people, one twice as massive as the other, attempt a tug-of-war with 12 meters of rope on frictionless ice. After a brief time they meet. The heavier person slides a distance of
- A.
4m
- B.
3m
- C.
5m
- D.
6m
Correct Answer
A. 4mExplanation
The heavier person slides a distance of 4m because the force exerted by each person in a tug-of-war is proportional to their mass. Since the heavier person is twice as massive as the other person, they exert twice the force. Since the rope is frictionless, the force exerted by the heavier person causes them to slide a greater distance than the lighter person. Therefore, the heavier person slides a distance of 4m.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A pair of tennis balls fall through the air (with air resistance) from a tall building. One ball is regular and the other is filled with lead pellets. The ball to reach the ground first is the
- A.
Regular ball
- B.
Lead-filled ball
- C.
Same
Correct Answer
B. Lead-filled ballExplanation
The lead-filled ball will reach the ground first because it has a greater mass compared to the regular ball. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass when the force acting on it is constant. Since both balls experience the same gravitational force, the lead-filled ball will have a smaller acceleration due to its larger mass. As a result, it will take longer for the lead-filled ball to decelerate and reach the ground compared to the regular ball.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. As her velocity of fall increases, her acceleration (remember the air resistance increases as the speed increases.)
- A.
Decreases
- B.
Increases
- C.
Unchanged
Correct Answer
A. DecreasesExplanation
As the skydiver falls, the air resistance acting against her motion increases. This air resistance creates a force that opposes her downward motion, causing a decrease in her acceleration. This means that as her velocity of fall increases, her acceleration decreases.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A light woman and heavy man jump from an airplane at the same time and open their same-sized parachutes at the same time. Which person will get to a state of zero acceleration first?
- A.
Light woman
- B.
Both
- C.
Heavy man
Correct Answer
A. Light womanExplanation
The light woman will get to a state of zero acceleration first. This is because her lighter weight allows her to experience less air resistance compared to the heavy man. As a result, she will reach a state of zero acceleration faster than the heavy man.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A block is dragged without acceleration in a straight line path across a level surface by a force 6N. what is the force of friction between the block and the surface?
- A.
Less than 6N
- B.
More than 6N
- C.
6N
Correct Answer
C. 6NExplanation
The force of friction between the block and the surface is equal to the applied force of 6N. This is because the block is being dragged without acceleration, which means that the force of friction is equal to the applied force in order to maintain a constant velocity.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A push on a 1 kg brick accelerates the brick. Neglecting friction, to equally accelerate a 10kg brick, one would have to push with
- A.
1/10 the amount of force
- B.
100 times as much force
- C.
Just as much force
- D.
10 times as much force
Correct Answer
D. 10 times as much forceExplanation
To equally accelerate a 10kg brick, one would have to push with 10 times as much force. This is because according to Newton's second law of motion, force is directly proportional to the mass and acceleration of an object. Since the mass of the 10kg brick is 10 times greater than the 1kg brick, the force required to accelerate it would also need to be 10 times greater. Therefore, pushing with 10 times as much force would result in equal acceleration for the 10kg brick.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A girl pulls on a 10kg wagon with a constant force of 30N. What is the wagon's acceleration in meters per second per second?
- A.
300
- B.
10
- C.
30
- D.
3
- E.
.3
Correct Answer
D. 3Explanation
The wagon's acceleration can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration. In this case, the force applied by the girl is 30N and the mass of the wagon is 10kg. By rearranging the formula, we can solve for acceleration: acceleration = force / mass. Substituting the given values, we get acceleration = 30N / 10kg = 3 m/s^2. Therefore, the correct answer is 3.Rate this question:
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- 15.
If the acceleration of an object doubled, while the force applied to the object quadrupled, what must have happened to the mass of the object?
- A.
It doubled
- B.
It stayed the same
- C.
It quadrupled
- D.
It was cut in half
Correct Answer
A. It doubledExplanation
If the acceleration of an object doubled while the force applied to the object quadrupled, according to Newton's second law of motion (F = ma), the mass of the object must have doubled as well. This is because when the force applied to an object increases, the object's mass also needs to increase in order to maintain the same acceleration.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A 5kg block with an initial velocity of 10 m/s slides 10 m across a horizontal surface and comes to rest. It takes the block 2 seconds to stop. The stopping force acting on the block is about
- A.
25N
- B.
5N
- C.
10N
- D.
50N
Correct Answer
A. 25NExplanation
The stopping force acting on the block can be determined using Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration. In this case, the block has a mass of 5kg and comes to rest in 2 seconds. To calculate the acceleration, we can use the equation v = u + at, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. Rearranging the equation, we get a = (v - u) / t. Since the block comes to rest, the final velocity is 0. Plugging in the values, we have a = (0 - 10) / 2 = -5 m/s^2. The negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction of the initial velocity. Finally, we can calculate the stopping force using the formula F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. Thus, F = 5kg * -5 m/s^2 = -25N. The negative sign indicates that the force is acting in the opposite direction of the initial velocity. However, since the question asks for the magnitude of the force, we take the absolute value, resulting in a force of 25N.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 10, 2009Quiz Created by
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