Network + Quiz (Chapter 4)

When two machines attempt to send an Ethernet frame simultaneously, a collision occurs. This happens because both machines detect that the network is idle and start transmitting at the same time. As a result, the signals from both machines collide and become distorted, leading to the loss of both transmissions. Collisions are a common occurrence in Ethernet networks, and they are managed through the use of collision detection and collision avoidance mechanisms.

A crimper is a tool specifically designed to secure a crimp onto the end of a cable. It is used to create a secure and reliable connection by compressing the crimp onto the cable, ensuring that it does not come loose or disconnect. This tool is commonly used in electrical and telecommunications installations to terminate cables and ensure proper connectivity.

With 10BaseT, the maximum distance between the hub and the node is 100 meters. This is because 10BaseT is an Ethernet standard that uses twisted pair cables for communication. The "10" in 10BaseT refers to the maximum data transfer rate of 10 Mbps, while "Base" indicates baseband transmission. The "T" stands for twisted pair, which is the type of cable used. Twisted pair cables have a maximum length limitation due to signal degradation, and in the case of 10BaseT, the maximum distance is 100 meters.

A properly running average Ethernet has up to 10 percent collisions. This means that out of all the packets being sent on the Ethernet network, only 10 percent of them collide with other packets. Collisions occur when two or more devices try to transmit data at the same time, causing the data to become corrupted. A lower collision rate indicates a more efficient and reliable network.

Xerox is the correct answer because they originally developed Ethernet in 1973. Ethernet is a widely used networking technology that allows computers and devices to connect and communicate with each other on a local area network (LAN). Xerox's development of Ethernet revolutionized computer networking and paved the way for the internet as we know it today.

Data that is broken down into smaller pieces and transmitted between computers is known as frames. Frames are used in networking to efficiently transmit data over a network. Each frame contains a portion of the original data along with additional information such as source and destination addresses. These smaller pieces allow for more efficient transmission and can be reassembled at the receiving end to reconstruct the original data.

Crossover cables are used to connect hubs or switches directly to each other, without the need for a router or a modem. These cables have the sending and receiving pairs reversed on one end, allowing the hubs to hear each other's signals. This allows for communication between the hubs and facilitates the exchange of data.

With 10BaseFL, the maximum distance between the hub and the node is 2000 meters. This is because 10BaseFL is a type of Ethernet technology that uses fiber optic cables to transmit data. Fiber optic cables have the ability to transmit data over longer distances compared to other types of cables, such as twisted pair cables. Therefore, with 10BaseFL, the maximum distance between the hub and the node is 2000 meters.

Bridges operate on Layer 2 of the OSI model. This means that they work with MAC addresses to forward data packets between different networks or segments. They analyze the destination MAC address of incoming packets and use a forwarding table to determine the appropriate port to send the packet to. By operating at Layer 2, bridges can efficiently connect and divide network traffic, improving network performance and reducing collisions.

A repeater is a device that receives a signal consisting of ones and zeros from one port and then repeats the same signal out of another connected port. It is used to extend the range of a network by regenerating and amplifying the signal, allowing it to travel further without degradation. The repeater essentially acts as a signal booster, ensuring that the data transmitted from one device reaches its intended destination without loss or corruption.

An Ethernet frame can carry a maximum of 1500 bytes of data. This is the standard maximum payload size for Ethernet frames, which includes the data being transmitted along with other header and trailer information. This limitation is set to ensure efficient and reliable transmission of data over Ethernet networks.

The missing piece of information in a basic Ethernet frame is the Frame check sequence (CRC). This sequence is used to enable nodes to recognize when bad things happen to data, such as errors or corruption during transmission. The CRC is a mathematical calculation performed on the data in the frame, and the result is appended to the frame as the frame check sequence. This allows the recipient node to verify the integrity of the received data by performing the same calculation and comparing the result to the frame check sequence.

Sniffers are network monitoring tools that capture and analyze network traffic. When a sniffer is set to run in promiscuous mode, it means that the network interface card (NIC) is instructed to process every frame it sees on the cable, regardless of the MAC address. This allows the sniffer to capture all network traffic, including packets not intended for the sniffer's own MAC address. By running in promiscuous mode, sniffers can effectively monitor and analyze all network activity on the cable.

To connect two or more hubs, they must be "daisy-chained" using one uplink port and one regular port. This means that the first hub's uplink port is connected to the regular port of the second hub, and so on. This creates a chain-like connection, allowing the hubs to communicate with each other and expand the network.

Ethernet was based off of the bus network topology. In a bus network, all devices are connected to a single cable called the bus. Each device on the network can transmit data onto the bus, and all other devices can receive that data. This allows for easy communication between devices, as any device can transmit data to all other devices on the network. Ethernet, which is a widely used networking technology, initially used a bus topology before evolving to support other topologies such as star and ring.