Eastside Prep Anatomy - The Small Intestines

1.

What system is the small intestine a part of?

Explanation
The small intestine is a part of the digestive system. It is responsible for the absorption of nutrients from the food we eat. It receives partially digested food from the stomach and further breaks it down using enzymes and bile from the liver and pancreas. The inner lining of the small intestine contains tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Therefore, the small intestine plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of food, making it a vital component of the digestive system.

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2.

One of the main functions of the small intestine is chemical digestion of food?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The small intestine plays a crucial role in chemical digestion of food. It receives partially digested food from the stomach and further breaks it down using enzymes produced by the pancreas and its own intestinal lining. These enzymes help in breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body. The small intestine also absorbs nutrients and minerals from the digested food into the bloodstream. Therefore, it can be concluded that chemical digestion of food is indeed one of the main functions of the small intestine.

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3.

Microscopic finger-like protrusions which give the lining of the small intestine a surface area for absorption are called?

Correct Answer
Microvilli

Explanation
Microvilli are tiny finger-like projections found on the surface of the lining of the small intestine. These structures greatly increase the surface area of the intestine, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients. The microvilli contain specialized cells that aid in the absorption process by secreting enzymes and transporting nutrients into the bloodstream. Overall, microvilli play a crucial role in maximizing the absorption capacity of the small intestine.

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4.

Your small intestine is one meter in length?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is false because the small intestine is not just one meter in length. In fact, it is much longer, measuring around 6 meters in length. This length allows for efficient absorption of nutrients from the food we consume.

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5.

The first section of the small intestine is called the?

Correct Answer
Duodenum

Explanation
The first section of the small intestine is called the duodenum. It is responsible for receiving partially digested food from the stomach and further breaking it down with the help of digestive enzymes produced by the liver and pancreas. The duodenum plays a crucial role in the absorption of nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates. It is also the site where bile and pancreatic juices are mixed with the food to aid in digestion.

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6.

The smaller intestine is longer than the large intestine?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The smaller intestine is longer than the large intestine because it is coiled up in the abdominal cavity, allowing for more surface area for absorption of nutrients. The small intestine is approximately 20 feet long in adults, while the large intestine is only about 5 feet long. This length difference allows for a longer transit time for food in the small intestine, maximizing the absorption of nutrients, while the large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter.

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7.

What substance neutralizes acid produced in your stomach?

Correct Answer
Sodium Bicarbonate

Explanation
Sodium bicarbonate is a substance that can neutralize acid in the stomach. When acid is produced in the stomach, it can cause discomfort and heartburn. Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is able to react with the acid and produce water and carbon dioxide, which helps to neutralize the acid and relieve the symptoms. It acts as an antacid and can provide temporary relief from acid-related issues in the stomach.

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8.

By the time food leaves your small intestine, all the nutrients in your food will have entered your bloodstream?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The small intestine is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption in the body. It has specialized cells called villi that increase the surface area for absorption. As food passes through the small intestine, these villi absorb nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals into the bloodstream. Therefore, by the time food leaves the small intestine, all the nutrients in the food would have entered the bloodstream.

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9.

Digesting food is pushed through the small intestine by?

Correct Answer
Peristalsis

Explanation
Peristalsis is the process by which food is pushed through the small intestine. It involves rhythmic contractions of the muscles in the intestinal walls, which propel the food forward. This movement helps to mix the food with digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients along the way. Peristalsis is an essential part of the digestive process, ensuring that food is properly broken down and absorbed in the small intestine.

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10.

Bile helps break down what substance in your food?

Correct Answer
Fats

Explanation
Bile is a substance produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile emulsifies the fat molecules, breaking them down into smaller droplets, which increases the surface area available for enzymes to act upon. This process aids in the efficient breakdown and absorption of fats, allowing them to be properly digested and utilized by the body.

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Eastside Prep Anatomy - The Small Intestines

What system is the small intestine a part of?

One of the main functions of the small intestine is chemical digestion of food?

Microscopic finger-like protrusions which give the lining of the small intestine a surface area for absorption are called?

Your small intestine is one meter in length?

The first section of the small intestine is called the?

The smaller intestine is longer than the large intestine?

What substance neutralizes acid produced in your stomach?

By the time food leaves your small intestine, all the nutrients in your food will have entered your bloodstream?

Digesting food is pushed through the small intestine by?

Bile helps break down what substance in your food?