CIS 101- Test 1

The main circuit board of a computer is known as the motherboard. This component is responsible for connecting all the other hardware components together, such as the processor, memory, storage devices, and input/output devices. It provides the electrical connections and pathways for data transfer between these components, allowing them to communicate and work together effectively. The motherboard also contains important interfaces, such as USB ports, audio and video connectors, and expansion slots for adding additional components. Overall, the motherboard is a crucial component that acts as the central hub for all the computer's hardware.

A netbook is a light, inexpensive computer designed primarily for Internet access. It is a small and portable device that is optimized for web browsing, email, and other online activities. Netbooks typically have smaller screens and keyboards compared to traditional laptops, making them more compact and lightweight. They are also known for their longer battery life, making them ideal for users who need to stay connected on the go.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is considered to be the brain of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, making it the most important component of a computer system. The CPU interprets and carries out instructions from the computer's memory, allowing it to perform tasks and run programs. Without a CPU, a computer would not be able to function or process information.

CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are examples of optical discs because lasers are used to store data on these discs. Optical discs use microscopic pits and lands on their surface to represent binary data. When a laser beam is directed onto the surface of the disc, it reflects differently off the pits and lands, allowing the data to be read by a laser diode. This technology allows for high-capacity storage and is commonly used for storing and distributing various forms of media, such as music, movies, and software.

YouTube is the most popular video sharing site on the Internet because it has a vast library of videos covering a wide range of topics. It allows users to upload, view, and share videos easily. YouTube also offers various features such as comments, likes, and subscriptions, which enhance user engagement and interaction. Additionally, its user-friendly interface and accessibility on multiple devices contribute to its popularity.

DVD authoring software allows you to save or "burn" your video to a DVD. This means that the software enables you to transfer or write the video files onto a DVD disc, making it playable on DVD players or other compatible devices. Burning refers to the process of recording the video data onto the DVD, creating a permanent copy that can be accessed and viewed whenever desired.

An optical drive refers to a type of storage device that uses laser technology to read and write data on optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs. It is not a small, portable, solid-state drive that can hold up to 128 GB of information. Therefore, the statement is true.

A smartphone is a cell phone with PDA features built in. It combines the functionality of a traditional cell phone with features such as internet access, email, calendar, and the ability to install and run various applications. A smartphone typically has a touchscreen interface and can perform tasks beyond just making calls and sending text messages. It is designed to be a multi-purpose device that allows users to stay connected and access information on the go.

Moore's Law predicts that the number of transistors that can be placed on an integrated circuit will double every 2 years. This means that the processing power of computers will also double every 2 years, leading to advancements in technology and increased performance. This law has held true for several decades and has been a driving force behind the rapid development of the technology industry.

Memory cards can be easily transported from a camera to a computer. Memory cards are small, portable storage devices that are commonly used in digital cameras to store photos and videos. They can be removed from the camera and inserted into a card reader or directly into the computer's memory card slot to transfer the data. This allows for convenient and quick transfer of files from the camera to the computer for editing, sharing, or storage purposes.

A printer is not an input device but an output device. It takes electronic data and generates a physical copy of it on paper or other media. Input devices are used to input data into a computer system, such as a keyboard or mouse.

Resolution is the measure of the number of pixels in an image. The term "resolution" refers to the level of detail and clarity in an image, and it is determined by the number of pixels present. Pixels are the smallest units of an image, and a higher number of pixels typically results in a higher resolution image with more detail. Therefore, the correct answer is "pixels".

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology that allows for the connection of various peripheral devices. It is commonly used to connect devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, keyboards, mice, headphones, and speakers. Bluetooth enables wireless communication between these devices, making it convenient and efficient for users to connect and use their peripherals without the need for cables or wires.

The higher the resolution of a digital photo, the larger the file size. This is because higher resolution means more pixels are used to represent the image, resulting in more data being stored in the file. As a result, the file size increases as more information needs to be stored, leading to a larger file size.

An integrated circuit is a silicon chip developed in the 1960s that contains large numbers of tiny transistors. It is a miniaturized electronic circuit that combines multiple electronic components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, onto a single chip. This integration allows for increased functionality, improved performance, and reduced size and cost compared to discrete electronic components. The development of the integrated circuit revolutionized the field of electronics and paved the way for the modern digital age.

A compact desktop computer with an integrated monitor is commonly referred to as an "all-in-one" computer. This type of computer combines the CPU, monitor, and sometimes even the speakers into a single unit, providing a space-saving and streamlined design. The integrated monitor eliminates the need for a separate monitor, making it a convenient option for those with limited desk space or who prefer a minimalist setup.

Embedded computers are specialized computers that are designed to perform specific tasks and are built into other devices or systems. They are commonly found in items such as gas pumps, traffic lights, and home appliances. These computers are integrated into the device and are not meant to be easily modified or upgraded. They are programmed to perform specific functions and are often designed to be energy-efficient and compact.

The term "distributed computing" refers to the practice of dividing a computational task into smaller sub-tasks and assigning them to multiple computers in a network. This allows for parallel processing, where multiple computers work together to solve a problem or complete a task more efficiently. By distributing the workload across multiple computers, distributed computing can improve performance, increase scalability, and enhance fault tolerance. Overall, distributed computing is the correct term for the process of distributing a task across a group of computers.

File management refers to the process of performing various tasks related to digital files, such as opening, closing, saving, naming, deleting, and organizing them. It involves organizing files in a logical and efficient manner, ensuring easy access and retrieval of information when needed. File management is essential for maintaining a structured and organized digital environment, allowing users to effectively manage their files and ensure their proper functioning.

The correct answer is Start Menu. The Start Menu is the location on a computer where you can access various programs and features. By typing the name of a program into the search box located in the Start Menu, you can quickly launch that program without having to navigate through multiple folders or directories. This feature is designed to make it easier for users to find and open the programs they need on their computer.

Two-way live video chat sessions require a device that can capture video and transmit it over the internet. A webcam is a common device used for this purpose. It is connected to the computer and allows users to see and communicate with each other in real-time through video. Without a webcam, users would not be able to participate in a video chat session.

Ubiquitous computing refers to the concept where technology seamlessly integrates into our everyday lives, becoming almost invisible. It involves the idea of technology being present everywhere and being easily accessible without requiring conscious interaction. This term emphasizes the idea of technology receding into the background and blending into our environment, enabling us to interact with it effortlessly.

A microprocessor is a chip that contains the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, making it the brain of the computer. The microprocessor is the key component that carries out all the necessary tasks to operate a computer system efficiently. It is designed to handle complex operations and communicate with other hardware components to ensure the smooth functioning of the computer.

A small microprocessor-based computer is commonly referred to as a personal computer. This type of computer is designed for individual use and is typically smaller in size compared to larger mainframe or supercomputers. It is equipped with a microprocessor as its central processing unit, which allows it to perform various tasks and run software applications. Personal computers are widely used for tasks such as word processing, internet browsing, multimedia playback, and gaming.

Extensions are assigned by the program used to create the file and are used to help the operating system determine the type of the file. Extensions are usually three or four characters long and are added to the end of the file name, separated by a period. The extension indicates the file format or file type, such as .doc for Microsoft Word documents or .jpg for image files. By recognizing the extension, the operating system can associate the file with the appropriate program for opening and manipulating it.

A megabyte (MB) is a unit of digital information that is equivalent to 1,000,000 bytes. This means that there are 1,000,000 individual units of information in a megabyte. This conversion is based on the decimal system, where each unit is multiplied by 10 to the power of 3 (1,000) to get the next higher unit. Therefore, 1 megabyte is equal to 1,000,000 bytes.

The navigation pane in Windows Explorer is used to navigate through folders, libraries, and drives on the computer. It provides a hierarchical view of the file system, allowing users to easily move between different locations and access their files and folders. The navigation pane typically appears on the left side of the Windows Explorer window and displays a tree-like structure of the file system, making it convenient for users to browse and locate specific files or folders.

A MB of storage can hold about 500 pages of plain text because the average size of a plain text page is around 2 KB, and there are approximately 1024 KB in a MB. Therefore, dividing 1024 KB by 2 KB gives us 512 pages. However, since there is some overhead in file storage, we can estimate that a MB of storage can hold about 500 pages of plain text.

A tablet PC is a type of notebook that allows the user to use a stylus or pen to write directly on the screen. It combines the functionality of a laptop with the convenience of a tablet, providing a touch-sensitive screen that can be used for writing, drawing, and navigating the device. Tablet PCs are popular for note-taking, sketching, and other tasks that require handwriting or drawing input. They are often used in industries such as education, design, and healthcare.

According to the EPA, in 2008, paper and paperboard made up 31% of our municipal waste generated each year. This means that almost one-third of the waste produced by municipalities consisted of paper and paperboard materials. This highlights the significant contribution of paper waste to the overall waste stream and emphasizes the importance of recycling and proper waste management practices to reduce the environmental impact of paper consumption.

To decompress or extract a ZIP file in Windows, you can right-click the file and choose "Extract All" from the context menu. This option allows you to extract all the files and folders contained within the ZIP file and save them to a specified location on your computer.

One of the steps to protect files is to create a backup. This involves making a copy of the files and storing them on another drive, DVD, or flash drive. By doing this periodically, you ensure that even if the original files are lost or damaged, you have a backup available to restore them.

The Navigation Pane is used within the Windows Explorer window to navigate the folders, libraries, and drives available on a computer. It provides a hierarchical view of the file system, allowing users to easily access and manage their files and folders. By clicking on different folders or drives in the Navigation Pane, users can quickly navigate through the file system and locate the desired files or folders.

A path refers to the sequence of folders that leads to a specific file or folder. It provides the exact location or route to access the desired file or folder within a file system.

Windows Media Player is a program included with Windows 7 that allows users to organize and play their media files. It supports a wide range of audio and video formats and provides features like creating playlists, ripping CDs, and syncing media to portable devices. With its user-friendly interface, Windows Media Player makes it easy for users to manage and enjoy their media collection.

Streaming means the media begins to play immediately as it is received instead of waiting for the entire file to download to your computer first. This allows for a smoother and uninterrupted playback experience, as the media is being constantly delivered to your device in real-time. Streaming is commonly used for various forms of media such as music, videos, and live broadcasts, providing instant access to content without the need for downloading.

RAM is an example of volatile memory because the information stored in RAM is temporary and will be lost when the computer is turned off. Volatile memory requires a constant power supply to retain data, and once the power is disconnected, the data is erased. RAM is used for temporary storage of data that is actively being used by the computer's processor, allowing for faster access and retrieval of information. However, it is not suitable for long-term storage as it does not retain data when the power is off.

In the "details" view within Windows Explorer, users can sort files by their properties using the column headings. This means that users can organize and arrange files based on specific criteria such as file size, date modified, file type, and more. Sorting files in this way can make it easier to locate and manage files within a folder or directory.

USB and Firewire are the most common types of ports found on computers today. USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard connection that allows devices such as keyboards, mice, printers, and external storage devices to be connected to a computer. Firewire (also known as IEEE 1394) is another type of high-speed connection that is commonly used for connecting devices such as digital cameras and external hard drives to a computer. These two types of ports are widely used and supported by most modern computers and peripherals.

Computers convert raw data into meaningful information through the information processing cycle. This cycle involves several steps, including inputting data, processing it through algorithms and calculations, storing the processed data, and finally outputting the information in a usable format. This process allows computers to transform data into valuable insights and knowledge that can be used for decision-making and problem-solving.

Convergence refers to the merging or integration of different technologies or functions into a single device or platform. In the context of the question, the integration of various technologies, such as communication, computing, and multimedia, on smartphones can be considered as convergence. This term highlights the idea that smartphones are not just limited to making calls but also offer a wide range of functionalities, including internet browsing, social media, photography, and more.

A multi-core processor refers to a type of processor that contains two or more individual processing units, or cores, on a single chip. These cores work together to execute multiple tasks simultaneously, improving overall performance and efficiency. By integrating multiple processors onto a single chip, multi-core processors can handle more complex tasks and provide faster processing speeds compared to single-core processors. This technology is commonly used in modern computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices to enhance their performance and multitasking capabilities.

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The "views" button in Windows Explorer allows you to change the way the file list objects are displayed in the file list area. This button provides different options for viewing files, such as icons, tiles, lists, or details. By clicking on the "views" button, you can easily switch between these different display modes to suit your preferences or to find files more efficiently.

The three types of Boolean operators are AND, NOT, and OR. The AND operator is used to combine two or more conditions and returns true only if all the conditions are true. The NOT operator is used to reverse the logical value of a condition, returning true if the condition is false and vice versa. The OR operator is used to combine two or more conditions and returns true if at least one of the conditions is true.

Digital Rights Management (DRM) is a technology used to impose restrictions on the use of digital media files. It is designed to protect the copyright of digital content by controlling how it can be accessed, copied, and distributed. DRM systems typically use encryption and access control mechanisms to prevent unauthorized copying or sharing of digital files. This technology is commonly used in industries such as music, film, and publishing to prevent piracy and ensure that content creators are properly compensated for their work.

The given answer, "speech recognition," accurately reflects the description provided in the question. It states that speech recognition has evolved from being a feature used in expensive software to now being used for various purposes such as providing customer service through a call center, dialing a cell phone, or even dictating a term paper. This suggests that speech recognition technology has become more accessible and widely used in different industries and applications.