Biochemistry Basics (Msq Drill 270)

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  • 1/77 Questions

    Are modulatory synapses inhibitory or stimulatory or both?

    • Inhibitory
    • Stimulatory
    • Both
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  • 2. 

    Do psychoactive drugs affect serotonin metabolism?

    • Yes, serotonin plays a role in mental depression

    • No, no serotonin does not play a role in mental depression

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes, serotonin plays a role in mental depression
  • 3. 

    Can retrograde signalling affect neurotransmitter release of the pre-synaptic cell?

    • Yes

    • No

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    This is an example of cell cell communication. This feedback loop is thought to be involved in learning and memory.

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  • 4. 

    What is the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine?

    • Cholinase

    • Acetycholinesterase

    • Acetyl-acetyl transferase

    • Acetylase

    Correct Answer
    A. Acetycholinesterase
  • 5. 

    Deficiencies in the nigrostriatal tract lead to parkinsoniasm. What is the neurotransmitter invoved?

    • GABA

    • Serotonin

    • Dopamine

    • Glutamate

    • Glycine

    Correct Answer
    A. Dopamine
  • 6. 

    Which synapses are more common?

    • Chemical

    • Electrical

    Correct Answer
    A. Chemical
  • 7. 

    What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord?

    • GABA

    • Glycine

    • Glutamate

    • Serotonin

    • Acetylcholine

    Correct Answer
    A. Glycine
  • 8. 

    Serotonin is an ________ neuron as the closure of potassium channels will lead to sustained depolarization as calcium is able to continue influxing - this results in increased neurotransmitter release.

    • Excitatory

    • Inhibitory

    Correct Answer
    A. Excitatory
  • 9. 

    Excitatory receptors usually result in hyper or depolarization?

    • Deporalization

    • Hyperpolarization

    Correct Answer
    A. Deporalization
  • 10. 

    5 hydroxytriptophane is

    • Dopamine

    • Epi

    • Glutamine

    • Serotonin

    Correct Answer
    A. Serotonin
  • 11. 

    Name the disease: Hexose aminodase A gene, Ashkanowzi jews, Ganglioside builds up, blindness, cherry red spots in the macula, autosommal recessive, seizures, Fatal - Name the disease.

    • Gauchers

    • Tay sachs

    • Niemann-Pick

    • Fabry's

    Correct Answer
    A. Tay sachs
  • 12. 

    Is the synaptic cleft filled with  sodium only?

    • Yes

    • No

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    There are a lot of sub-structures such as fibers of basal lamina.

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  • 13. 

    If you methylate norepinephrine you synthesize

    • Epinephrine

    • Carbidopa

    • Catechol

    • Dopamine

    Correct Answer
    A. Epinephrine
  • 14. 

    Is all the acetycholinesterase in the synaptic cleft attached to the post synaptic membrane?

    • Yes

    • No

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    some of the enzyme is on the lamina in the synapse.

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  • 15. 

    Diisofluorophosphatase (DFP) AKA suicide substrate and an alkylating agent that is found in mustard gas are potent inhibitors of

    • N-acetyltransferase

    • Acetylcholinesterase

    • COMT

    • Mono-amine oxidase

    Correct Answer
    A. Acetylcholinesterase
    Explanation
    DFP alkylates the serine residue and the enzyme is dead.

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  • 16. 

    What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

    • GABA

    • Glutamate

    • Glycine

    • Serotonin

    • Dopamine

    Correct Answer
    A. GABA
  • 17. 

    Does dopamine or L dopa cross the blood brain barrier?

    • L-dopa

    • Dopamine

    • Both

    • Neither

    Correct Answer
    A. L-dopa
    Explanation
    Dopamine does not cross the blood brain barrier.

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  • 18. 

    What is the chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?

    • Acetylcholine

    • Norepineprhine

    • Glutamate

    • Epinephrine

    • Histamine

    Correct Answer
    A. Glutamate
  • 19. 

    The activity of melatonin, a derivative of serotonin is higher in concentration at what time of the day?

    • In the morning

    • At midday

    • At night

    Correct Answer
    A. At night
  • 20. 

    Neurons are classified according to the

    • Neurotransmitter that they secrete

    • The receptor that they interact with

    Correct Answer
    A. Neurotransmitter that they secrete
  • 21. 

    Which of the following is the fastest method of communication?

    • Hormonal

    • Neurotransmitter

    • Paracrine

    • Autocrine

    Correct Answer
    A. Neurotransmitter
  • 22. 

    MAO-B's are inhibited by

    • Clorgyline

    • Deprenyl

    • Glycine

    • Deprenol

    Correct Answer
    A. Deprenyl
  • 23. 

    Schizophrenia is caused by excess

    • Serotonin

    • Dopamine

    • Acetycholine

    • Norepinephrine

    • Epinephrine

    Correct Answer
    A. Dopamine
  • 24. 

    The metabolism of GABA requires

    • Vit B1

    • Vit B2

    • Vitb3

    • Vit B6

    Correct Answer
    A. Vit B6
  • 25. 

    In which gland is serotonin converted to melatonin?

    • Thyroid

    • Parotid

    • Thymus

    • Adrenal

    • Pineal

    Correct Answer
    A. Pineal
  • 26. 

    What is decarboxylated and requires PLP (vit B6) to form histamine?

    • Tryptophan

    • Histadine

    • Tyrosine

    • Glutamate

    • Glycine

    Correct Answer
    A. Histadine
  • 27. 

    Neurons that secrete acetycholine are considered as _____________  neurons.

    • Adrenergic

    • Cholinergic

    • Acetycholinergic

    • Dopaminergic

    • Sympathetic

    Correct Answer
    A. Cholinergic
  • 28. 

    Serotonin is associated with

    • GABA receptors

    • 5HT receptors

    • Sodium ion channels

    • Potassium ion channels

    Correct Answer
    A. 5HT receptors
  • 29. 

    The GABA-b receptors have no receptors for diazepam and valium. They are receptors linked to G-proteins and mediate their effects through

    • Guanyl cyclase

    • Adenylate cyclase

    • Tyrosine kinase

    Correct Answer
    A. Adenylate cyclase
  • 30. 

    Name the disease: Glucocerebrosidase deficiency, glucocerebroside build up, hepatosplenomegaly, crumpled paper inclusion - characteristic macrophage appearance.

    • Fabry's

    • Gaucher's

    • Lysosomal storage disease

    • Sandhoff's disease

    • Metachromatic leukodystrophy

    Correct Answer
    A. Gaucher's
  • 31. 

    Is there only one kind of serotonin receptor?

    • No, there are several types

    • Yes, there is only one type

    Correct Answer
    A. No, there are several types
  • 32. 

    What is the commited and rate limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis?

    • Dopamine B-hydroxylase

    • Tyrosine hydroxylase

    • Reductase

    • Phenyletholamine N- methyltransferase

    Correct Answer
    A. Tyrosine hydroxylase
  • 33. 

    Which of the following is a serotonin analogue?

    • GABA

    • Barbiturates

    • LSD

    • Marijuana

    • Nicotine

    Correct Answer
    A. LSD
  • 34. 

    What is the main biosynthetic enzyme for acetylcholine?

    • Cholinase

    • Acetyl-acetyl transferase

    • Choline acetyl transferase

    • Acetylase

    Correct Answer
    A. Choline acetyl transferase
  • 35. 

    Nitric oxide is generated from the following amino acid.

    • Serine

    • Cysteine

    • Arginine

    • Proline

    • Histadine

    Correct Answer
    A. Arginine
  • 36. 

    Which of the following is used to treat early Parkinson's disease?

    • Dopamine

    • Serotonin

    • Glutamate

    • Deprenyl - a mono amine oxidase inhibitor

    Correct Answer
    A. Deprenyl - a mono amine oxidase inhibitor
  • 37. 

    Serotonin is synthesized from the following amino acids?

    • Tyrosine

    • Tryptophan

    • Glycine

    • Glutamate

    • Serine

    Correct Answer
    A. Tryptophan
  • 38. 

    Inside the CNS are the receptors mostly nicotinic or muscarinic?

    • Nicotinic

    • Muscarinic

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscarinic
  • 39. 

    A ___ % decrease of dopamine occurs before the onset of symptoms of parkinson's disease. They have shuflling gait, tremor, rigidity and weakness.

    • 25%

    • 50%

    • 70%

    • 88%

    • 100%

    Correct Answer
    A. 70%
  • 40. 

    What is the difference between a nor-adrenergic neuron and an adrenergic neuron?

    • Reductase

    • Phenylehtonalamine -N - methyltransferase

    • Dopamine B-hydroxylase

    Correct Answer
    A. Phenylehtonalamine -N - methyltransferase
  • 41. 

    MAO-A is inhibited by

    • Glutamine

    • Glycine

    • Dopamine

    • Clorgyline

    Correct Answer
    A. Clorgyline
  • 42. 

    Urine VMA is used diagnostically to detect

    • Alzheimers

    • Huntington's chorea

    • Pheochromocytoma

    • Schizophrenia

    Correct Answer
    A. Pheochromocytoma
  • 43. 

    Which receptor has been postulated to play a role in learning and memory?

    • NMDA receptors

    • Glutamate receptors

    • Glycine receptors

    • Serotonin receptors

    Correct Answer
    A. NMDA receptors
  • 44. 

    What is exchanged for acetycholine in acetycholine vesicle loading?

    • Potassium

    • Proton

    • Sodium

    • Chloride

    Correct Answer
    A. Proton
  • 45. 

    Is GABA broken down in the cleft and taken back up into the presynaptic neuron.

    • Yes

    • No

    Correct Answer
    A. No
    Explanation
    It is taken up by the glial cells. The synthesis of GABA is a two cell activity.

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  • 46. 

    What test would you order to check for norepi metabolism in the brain?

    • Methyl-4-hydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde - CSF

    • VMA- urine

    • HVA-urine

    • Deprenyl-blood

    Correct Answer
    A. Methyl-4-hydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde - CSF
  • 47. 

    What ion channels are associated with GABA -A receptors in the CNS

    • Pottasium

    • Chloride

    • Sodium

    • Calcium

    Correct Answer
    A. Chloride
  • 48. 

    To detect high dopamine levels what test would you choose from the following. Mono amine oxidase inhibitors are involved in the catabolic process?

    • Vanilllmethyltransferase

    • HVA - Homovanillate

    • Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde

    • Urine vanillilmandate

    Correct Answer
    A. HVA - Homovanillate
  • 49. 

    Norepi is catabolised to ___________ in the periphery.

    • VMA - vanillylmandate

    • HVA

    • Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycoaldehyde

    Correct Answer
    A. VMA - vanillylmandate

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  • Jul 11, 2022
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