Biochemistry Basics (Msq Drill 270)

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1. Are modulatory synapses inhibitory or stimulatory or both?
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Biochemistry Basics (Msq Drill 270) - Quiz


www. Medicalschoolquizzes. Com byDrKash

2. Do psychoactive drugs affect serotonin metabolism?
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3. Can retrograde signalling affect neurotransmitter release of the pre-synaptic cell?

Explanation

This is an example of cell cell communication. This feedback loop is thought to be involved in learning and memory.

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4. What is the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine?
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5. Deficiencies in the nigrostriatal tract lead to parkinsoniasm. What is the neurotransmitter invoved?
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6. Which synapses are more common?
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7. What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord?
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8. Serotonin is an ________ neuron as the closure of potassium channels will lead to sustained depolarization as calcium is able to continue influxing - this results in increased neurotransmitter release.
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9. Excitatory receptors usually result in hyper or depolarization?
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10. 5 hydroxytriptophane is
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11. Name the disease: Hexose aminodase A gene, Ashkanowzi jews, Ganglioside builds up, blindness, cherry red spots in the macula, autosommal recessive, seizures, Fatal - Name the disease.
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12. Is the synaptic cleft filled with  sodium only?

Explanation

There are a lot of sub-structures such as fibers of basal lamina.

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13. If you methylate norepinephrine you synthesize
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14. Is all the acetycholinesterase in the synaptic cleft attached to the post synaptic membrane?

Explanation

some of the enzyme is on the lamina in the synapse.

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15. Diisofluorophosphatase (DFP) AKA suicide substrate and an alkylating agent that is found in mustard gas are potent inhibitors of

Explanation

DFP alkylates the serine residue and the enzyme is dead.

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16. What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
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17. Does dopamine or L dopa cross the blood brain barrier?

Explanation

Dopamine does not cross the blood brain barrier.

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18. What is the chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?
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19. The activity of melatonin, a derivative of serotonin is higher in concentration at what time of the day?
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20. Neurons are classified according to the
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21. Which of the following is the fastest method of communication?
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22. MAO-B's are inhibited by
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23. Schizophrenia is caused by excess
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24. The metabolism of GABA requires
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25. In which gland is serotonin converted to melatonin?
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26. What is decarboxylated and requires PLP (vit B6) to form histamine?
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27. Neurons that secrete acetycholine are considered as _____________  neurons.
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28. Serotonin is associated with
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29. The GABA-b receptors have no receptors for diazepam and valium. They are receptors linked to G-proteins and mediate their effects through
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30. Name the disease: Glucocerebrosidase deficiency, glucocerebroside build up, hepatosplenomegaly, crumpled paper inclusion - characteristic macrophage appearance.
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31. Is there only one kind of serotonin receptor?
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32. What is the commited and rate limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis?
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33. Which of the following is a serotonin analogue?
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34. What is the main biosynthetic enzyme for acetylcholine?
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35. Nitric oxide is generated from the following amino acid.
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36. Which of the following is used to treat early Parkinson's disease?
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37. Serotonin is synthesized from the following amino acids?
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38. Inside the CNS are the receptors mostly nicotinic or muscarinic?
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39. A ___ % decrease of dopamine occurs before the onset of symptoms of parkinson's disease. They have shuflling gait, tremor, rigidity and weakness.
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40. What is the difference between a nor-adrenergic neuron and an adrenergic neuron?
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41. MAO-A is inhibited by
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42. Urine VMA is used diagnostically to detect
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43. Which receptor has been postulated to play a role in learning and memory?
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44. What is exchanged for acetycholine in acetycholine vesicle loading?
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45. Is GABA broken down in the cleft and taken back up into the presynaptic neuron.

Explanation

It is taken up by the glial cells. The synthesis of GABA is a two cell activity.

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46. What test would you order to check for norepi metabolism in the brain?
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47. What ion channels are associated with GABA -A receptors in the CNS
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48. To detect high dopamine levels what test would you choose from the following. Mono amine oxidase inhibitors are involved in the catabolic process?
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49. Norepi is catabolised to ___________ in the periphery.
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50. Name the disease: Spingomyelinase deficiency, sphingomyelin build up in Red blood cells, Hepatosplenomegaly, characteristic foamy appearance of RBCs. Zebra bodies inclusion diseases, microcephaly - Name the disease.
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51. What is the principal neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous system?
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52. Dopa can be decarboxylated and hydrolyzed to form
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53. If you simply decarboxylate dopa you make
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54. What structure is responsible for retaking the vesicle from the membrane after acetylcholine has been offloaded?
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55. Histamine decarboxylase requires
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56. Blood group antigens are made up of

Explanation

They serve for cell cell recognition. They also are oncogenic, are surface markers & confer rigidity to the cell membrane.

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57. What is the inhibitory ligand binding neurotramsmitter in the spinal cord and brain stem?
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58. Opiod products are cleavage products of 3 different genes. These include POMC and ______  and _______ . check the two that apply.
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59. What does the acetycholine bind to on acetycholinesterase?
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60. Enkephalins are synthesized in the peripheral nervous tissue, gut, adrenals and and CNS. In which part of the body do you principally find enkephalins?
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61. When serotonin is acting as a modulatory neurotransmitter what is phosphorylated?

Explanation

serotonin is secreted from the modulatory neuron, attaches to the presynaptic receptor which undergoes a conformational change. Adenylate cyclase is used to generate cAMP which activates a protein kinase which then phosphorylates a pottasium channel.

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62. Mono amine oxidase A works specifically on: check the two that apply
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63. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a(n)
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64. Serotonin affects the hyperpolarizing or depolarizing ability of the cell?

Explanation

Hyperpolarizing the cell will lead to sustained depolarizing as potassium cannot influx back so that sodium can leave the cell.

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65. How is the acetic acid released from acetycholinesterase?
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66. Genetic expression of what enzyme determines an individual's blood type?
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67. Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit the reuptake of ______ & ______. check all that apply.
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68. Serotonin termination: Serotonin is taken up by a ______ dependant antiport.
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69. Mono amine oxidase inhibors are used to trreat mental depression. They increase the levels of the following neurotransmitters. Check all that apply.
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70. NMDA receptors require both glutamate and glycine to be bound. In addition it is a _____ and _____  ligand gated channel. Check the two that apply.
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71. GABA is associated with
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72. What does the muscarinic receptor in the CNS activate?
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73. MAO-B works specifically on which two neurotransmitters?
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74. POMC is an opiod precursor that is processed by proteolysis to yield ACTH-B-LPH which is further processed to yield: check all that apply.
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75. Increasing the following neurotransmitters will assist a patient with huntington's chorea.

Explanation

There may actually be an increase in dopamine in these patients.

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76. Which of the following potentiates the effects of GABA-a causing increased relaxation
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77. How is histamine catabolized? check all that apply.
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Are modulatory synapses inhibitory or stimulatory or both?
Do psychoactive drugs affect serotonin metabolism?
Can retrograde signalling affect neurotransmitter release of the...
What is the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine?
Deficiencies in the nigrostriatal tract lead to parkinsoniasm. What is...
Which synapses are more common?
What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord?
Serotonin is an ________ neuron as the closure of potassium channels...
Excitatory receptors usually result in hyper or depolarization?
5 hydroxytriptophane is
Name the disease: ...
Is the synaptic cleft filled with  sodium only?
If you methylate norepinephrine you synthesize
Is all the acetycholinesterase in the synaptic cleft attached to the...
Diisofluorophosphatase (DFP) AKA suicide substrate and an...
What is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
Does dopamine or L dopa cross the blood brain barrier?
What is the chief excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?
The activity of melatonin, a derivative of serotonin is higher in...
Neurons are classified according to the
Which of the following is the fastest method of communication?
MAO-B's are inhibited by
Schizophrenia is caused by excess
The metabolism of GABA requires
In which gland is serotonin converted to melatonin?
What is decarboxylated and requires PLP (vit B6) to form histamine?
Neurons that secrete acetycholine are considered as...
Serotonin is associated with
The GABA-b receptors have no receptors for diazepam and valium. They...
Name the disease: ...
Is there only one kind of serotonin receptor?
What is the commited and rate limiting step in catecholamine...
Which of the following is a serotonin analogue?
What is the main biosynthetic enzyme for acetylcholine?
Nitric oxide is generated from the following amino acid.
Which of the following is used to treat early Parkinson's disease?
Serotonin is synthesized from the following amino acids?
Inside the CNS are the receptors mostly nicotinic or muscarinic?
A ___ % decrease of dopamine occurs before the onset of symptoms of...
What is the difference between a nor-adrenergic neuron and an...
MAO-A is inhibited by
Urine VMA is used diagnostically to detect
Which receptor has been postulated to play a role in learning and...
What is exchanged for acetycholine in acetycholine vesicle loading?
Is GABA broken down in the cleft and taken back up into the...
What test would you order to check for norepi metabolism in the brain?
What ion channels are associated with GABA -A receptors in the CNS
To detect high dopamine levels what test would you choose from the...
Norepi is catabolised to ___________ in the periphery.
Name the disease: ...
What is the principal neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous...
Dopa can be decarboxylated and hydrolyzed to form
If you simply decarboxylate dopa you make
What structure is responsible for retaking the vesicle from the...
Histamine decarboxylase requires
Blood group antigens are made up of
What is the inhibitory ligand binding neurotramsmitter in the...
Opiod products are cleavage products of 3 different genes. These...
What does the acetycholine bind to on acetycholinesterase?
Enkephalins are synthesized in the peripheral nervous tissue, gut,...
When serotonin is acting as a modulatory neurotransmitter what is...
Mono amine oxidase A works specifically on: check the two that apply
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a(n)
Serotonin affects the hyperpolarizing or depolarizing ability of the...
How is the acetic acid released from acetycholinesterase?
Genetic expression of what enzyme determines an individual's blood...
Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit the reuptake of ______ & ______....
Serotonin termination: Serotonin is taken up by a ______ dependant...
Mono amine oxidase inhibors are used to trreat mental depression. They...
NMDA receptors require both glutamate and glycine to be bound. In...
GABA is associated with
What does the muscarinic receptor in the CNS activate?
MAO-B works specifically on which two neurotransmitters?
POMC is an opiod precursor that is processed by proteolysis to yield...
Increasing the following neurotransmitters will assist a patient with...
Which of the following potentiates the effects of GABA-a causing...
How is histamine catabolized? check all that apply.
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