Биологија развића

The statement "Сперматозоид и јајна ћелија су исте величине" translates to "Sperm and egg cells are the same size." The correct answer is "Нетачно" which means "False." This means that the statement is not true. Sperm and egg cells are not the same size. Sperm cells are much smaller than egg cells.

The correct answer is "сперматогенеза". This term refers to the process of sperm cell formation in males. It involves the production and maturation of sperm cells through a series of divisions and differentiation in the testes. This process is essential for male reproductive function and the production of viable sperm cells for fertilization.

The statement in the question is asking whether the length of the fertile period is the same for both men and women. The correct answer is "Нетачно" which means "False" in English. This suggests that the statement is incorrect and the length of the fertile period is not the same for men and women. However, without further information, it is not possible to provide a more detailed explanation.

The statement says that males produce more complete cells than females during their lifetime. This could be referring to the fact that males produce sperm cells continuously throughout their life, while females are born with a fixed number of eggs that do not regenerate. Therefore, the statement is true.

Ovulation is the process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary and is typically a monthly occurrence in women of reproductive age. It occurs once a month as a part of the menstrual cycle.

The statement is incorrect. Ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary, typically occurs once a month in women with regular menstrual cycles. It usually happens around the middle of the menstrual cycle, approximately 14 days before the start of the next period. Therefore, ovulation does not occur throughout the entire month.

The correct answer is "мушке и женске полне ћелије" which translates to "male and female reproductive cells" in English. This answer is correct because gametes are the specialized cells involved in sexual reproduction. In most organisms, including humans, there are two types of gametes: sperm cells (male gametes) and egg cells (female gametes). These gametes carry the genetic information from the parents and are necessary for fertilization to occur and for the production of offspring. Therefore, the answer accurately describes gametes as being both male and female reproductive cells.

The statement is incorrect. The number of eggs produced by a woman during her lifetime is significantly lower than the number of sperm produced by a man. Women are born with a finite number of eggs, while men continuously produce sperm throughout their lives.

After fertilization, the zygote implants itself into the wall of the uterus. The uterus provides the necessary environment for the zygote to develop into an embryo and eventually a fetus. The uterine wall is rich in blood vessels and nutrients, which support the growth and development of the zygote. This process is essential for pregnancy to occur and for the embryo to receive the necessary nourishment and protection throughout its development.

The statement "Сперматозоиди су крупнији од јајне ћелије" translates to "Sperm cells are larger than egg cells" in English. However, this statement is incorrect. In most species, including humans, sperm cells are actually much smaller than egg cells. Sperm cells are specialized for mobility and fertilization, while egg cells are larger and contain all the necessary nutrients to support the development of an embryo. Therefore, the correct answer is "Нетачно" (False).

The correct answer is "оогенеза". Оогенеза refers to the process of the formation and development of female gametes or ova (eggs). This process occurs in the ovaries and involves the maturation of oocytes (immature eggs) through several stages until they are ready for fertilization. Ovulation, on the other hand, is the release of a mature egg from the ovary. Ontogenesis refers to the development of an individual organism from conception to maturity, while menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining in preparation for a new menstrual cycle.

During pregnancy, the developing fetus receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother through the umbilical cord. The umbilical cord connects the fetus to the placenta, which is attached to the mother's uterus. Through the umbilical cord, the fetus receives essential nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and oxygen, from the mother's bloodstream. This allows for proper development and growth of the fetus.

The statement is incorrect. The code of a human being as a species does differ in shape and size between sperm and egg cells. Sperm cells are much smaller and have a streamlined shape to aid in their mobility, while egg cells are larger and have a rounder shape to accommodate the necessary organelles and nutrients for fertilization and early development.

The correct answer is "овулација". This is the term used to describe the process of follicle rupture and the release of a functional egg cell from the ovary during the menstrual cycle.

During fertilization, only one spermatozoon is involved in the process of fertilizing the egg cell. This single spermatozoon penetrates the egg cell and fuses with it, resulting in the formation of a zygote.

The correct answer is "гаметогенеза". Гаметогенеза is the process of creating gametes, which are the reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) in organisms. This process involves the formation and development of these specialized cells through meiosis. It is different from the other options provided: "ембриогенеза" refers to the process of embryo development, "оогенеза" specifically refers to the formation of eggs, and "онтогенеза" refers to the overall development of an organism from fertilization to maturity.

In the process of gametogenesis, both male and female gametes are formed. This involves the development and maturation of specialized cells called gametes, which are responsible for sexual reproduction. The formation of male and female gametes is a crucial step in the reproductive cycle, as it allows for the fusion of these gametes during fertilization to create a new individual with a unique combination of genetic material from both parents.

The correct answer is "гаметогенеза". This term refers to the process of producing gametes, which are the reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) in organisms. It involves the development and maturation of these cells through meiosis. The other options, "ембриогенеза", "оогенеза", and "онтогенеза", refer to different processes in the development and growth of organisms, but they do not specifically involve the production of gametes.

The correct answer is "јајници". In the given options, the only female reproductive organ mentioned is "јајници" which translates to "ovaries" in English. The other options such as "семеници" (testicles), "материца" (uterus), and "јајне ћелије" (egg cells) are not specific to female reproductive organs. Therefore, the correct answer is "јајници" as it is the only organ mentioned that is associated with female reproductive functions.

The statement is true because both sperm cells and egg cells, also known as gametes, have half the number of chromosomes compared to other cells in the body. This is because during fertilization, when the sperm and egg combine, the resulting zygote will have the correct number of chromosomes for a normal individual.

The statement is incorrect. Sperm cells and egg cells do not differ in the number of chromosomes. Both sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they contain half the number of chromosomes compared to other cells in the body. During fertilization, when sperm and egg cells combine, they form a zygote with a complete set of chromosomes.

Сперматогенеза је процес стварања сперматозоида, мушких гамета, и то се одвија у семеницима. Семеници су мушки полни органи у којима се стварају и зреле сперматозоиди. Јајници су женски полни органи и нису укључени у процес сперматогенезе. Семевод је канал којим сперматозоиди путују од семеника до уретре, али не служи за стварање сперматозоида.

The correct answer is "семеници." This is because "семеници" is the Serbian word for "testicles," which are the male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and hormones. The other options, "јајници" (ovaries), "простата" (prostate), and "сперматозоиди" (spermatozoa), are not correct as they are either female reproductive organs or components of male reproductive system.

The correct answer is "фертилизација." This term refers to the process of fertilization, which is the fusion of a sperm cell with an egg cell to form a zygote. It is a crucial step in sexual reproduction, where genetic material from both parents is combined to create a new individual. The other options listed are unrelated terms, such as fossilization, folliculogenesis, and phosphorilation, which do not pertain to the concept of fertilization.

The correct answer is "акрозом". The acrosome is a part of the spermatozoid that contains enzymes responsible for breaking down the egg's membrane during fertilization. This allows the sperm to penetrate the egg and initiate the process of fertilization. The other options (лизозом, сферозом, and центрозом) do not have this specific function in relation to the egg's membrane.

The correct answer is "акрозом". The acrosome is a structure found at the head of a sperm cell. It contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate and fertilize the egg. Without the acrosome, the sperm would not be able to enter the egg cell. The other options listed (бич, једро, центриоле) are not directly involved in the process of sperm entering the egg.

The correct answer is "јајне ћелије". This is because the question is asking for the female reproductive cells, which are the eggs or ova. The other options listed (јајници, јајоводи, материца) are all parts of the female reproductive system but do not specifically refer to the cells themselves.

The statement "Плодни период мушкарца је дужи него плодни период жена" translates to "The fertile period of men is longer than the fertile period of women." This statement is true because men are capable of producing sperm throughout their lifetime, while women have a limited number of eggs and can only conceive during a specific window of time each month.

Spermatozoa are rich in mitochondria, which are responsible for providing energy to the sperm cells. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell as they produce ATP, the main energy currency of the cell. Therefore, the correct answer is mitochondria.

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The correct answer is "сперматогонијама". This is because сперматогонијама refers to the cells in the testes that undergo mitosis to produce spermatocytes, which eventually develop into spermatozoa. Spermatozoa are the mature sperm cells that are involved in fertilization. Therefore, сперматогонијама is the correct answer as it is the initial stage of sperm cell development.

Oogenesis is the process of egg cell development in females. It begins during the prenatal period, which refers to the time before birth. During this period, the primordial germ cells in the ovaries undergo mitotic division and differentiate into oogonia. These oogonia then undergo further development and maturation to form primary oocytes, which will eventually give rise to mature eggs. Therefore, the correct answer is "у пренаталном периоду" which means "during the prenatal period" in English.

A male child is born with formed spermatogonia. Spermatogonia are the initial cells in the testes that undergo cell division to produce sperm cells. They are responsible for the continuous production of sperm throughout a man's life.

Oogenesis is the process of formation and development of ova (eggs) in the female reproductive system. It begins during the prenatal period, specifically during fetal development. During this time, primordial germ cells differentiate into oogonia, which then undergo several stages of development to become mature ova. This process is completed before birth, and the ova are stored in the ovaries until they are released during ovulation in the reproductive years.

The correct answer is "јајницима" (ovaries). Oogenesis is the process of egg cell development in females, which occurs in the ovaries. The ovaries are responsible for producing and releasing mature eggs during the reproductive cycle.

The correct answer is гаструла. Гаструла is the embryonic stage in which three germ layers develop. It follows the morula stage and precedes the blastula stage. During the gastrula stage, the cells rearrange and form three distinct layers called ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, which give rise to different tissues and organs in the body. The gastrula stage is a critical period in embryonic development where the basic body plan is established.

The correct answer is "endoderm and ectoderm". A two-layered gastrula is composed of these two cell layers. The endoderm layer gives rise to the innermost tissues and organs, such as the digestive tract. The ectoderm layer gives rise to the outermost tissues and structures, such as the skin and nervous system.

The correct answer is that полне ћелије настају у полним жлездама од посебних, клициних ћелија. This means that germ cells, which are responsible for reproduction, are produced in the gonads (ovaries and testes) from specific, germinal cells. This is in contrast to somatic cells, which make up the majority of the body's cells and do not contribute to reproduction.

The statement that dizygotic twins are often of the same sex but can also be of different sexes is true. Dizygotic twins, also known as fraternal twins, occur when two separate eggs are fertilized by two different sperm. Since the eggs and sperm are randomly selected, there is a chance that both fertilized eggs will develop into embryos of the same sex or different sexes. Therefore, dizygotic twins can be either same-sex or opposite-sex.

After fertilization, the fertilized egg cell divides into two daughter cells called blastomeres.

The given description states that this embryonic stage is formed by two layers of cells and later develops into a three-layered embryo. It also mentions that from this stage, complex transformations occur to form leaflets. The correct answer is "гаструла" because the gastrula stage is characterized by the formation of two germ layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, which later give rise to various tissues and organs in the developing embryo.

The correct answer is "јајоводу" because fertilization, the process of combining a sperm and an egg to form a zygote, occurs in the fallopian tube. The fallopian tube is a part of the female reproductive system that connects the ovaries to the uterus. It is in the fallopian tube where the sperm meets the egg and fertilization takes place before the fertilized egg travels to the uterus for implantation.

The statement "Мејоза I у сперматогенези и оогенези је правилна" translates to "Meiosis I in spermatogenesis and oogenesis is correct." The correct answer is "Нетачно" which means "False." Therefore, the explanation would be that the statement is incorrect, meaning that meiosis I in spermatogenesis and oogenesis is not correct.

The correct answer is "морула". In embryology, after several divisions of the blastomeres, the first stage of compaction occurs, resulting in the formation of a solid ball of cells called a morula. This stage precedes the formation of a blastula, gastrula, and zygote.

The correct answer is that dizygotic twins are often of the same sex, but can also be of different sexes. This means that fraternal twins, who develop from two separate eggs fertilized by two separate sperm, can be either both male, both female, or one male and one female. This is in contrast to monozygotic twins, who are always of the same sex because they develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two embryos.

The correct answer is "хорион, алантоис и амнион". These are all extraembryonic tissues that are involved in the development and support of the embryo. The chorion is the outermost membrane that surrounds the embryo and helps form the placenta. The amnion is the innermost membrane that surrounds the embryo and is filled with amniotic fluid, providing protection and cushioning. The allantois is a membrane involved in waste disposal and gas exchange.

The correct answer is "садржи течност у коју је уроњен плод" which translates to "contains fluid in which the fetus is immersed". This is the role of the amniotic sac during pregnancy. The amniotic sac is a membranous sac filled with amniotic fluid that surrounds and protects the fetus in the womb. It acts as a cushion, providing a stable and protective environment for the developing fetus.