Ukk Sejarah Klas Xi Ips 2011/2012

Jawa adalah daerah Indonesia yang paling menderita sebagai akibat dari Tanam Paksa. Tanam Paksa adalah kebijakan kolonial Belanda di abad ke-19 yang memaksa petani Jawa untuk menanam tanaman komersial seperti kopi dan nilam. Kebijakan ini menyebabkan eksploitasi yang berlebihan terhadap tanah dan tenaga kerja, serta mengakibatkan kelaparan dan kemiskinan di Jawa. Tanam Paksa juga mengakibatkan migrasi besar-besaran petani Jawa ke daerah lain di Indonesia, seperti Kalimantan dan Sumatra, untuk mencari kehidupan yang lebih baik.

The correct answer is a. Mencapai kemerdekaan tanah air dan bangsa Indonesia. This answer is correct because the goal of the Nationalism Movement is to achieve independence for the homeland and the Indonesian nation. Nationalism is a political ideology that emphasizes the interests and identity of a particular nation, and in the context of Indonesia, it refers to the struggle for independence from colonial rule. Therefore, the goal of the Nationalism Movement is to achieve freedom and independence for the Indonesian people and their homeland.

The correct answer is a. Max Havelaar. This is because the question mentions that the book is about Saijah and Adinda, farmers who were victims of the forced cultivation system in Lebak, Banten. Max Havelaar is a famous novel written by Multatuli that addresses the issue of colonial exploitation and injustice in the Dutch East Indies, specifically in Lebak.

Van den Bosch adalah Gubernur Hindia Belanda yang menciptakan sistem Tanam Paksa.

Direct democracy first emerged in ancient Greece. The city-state of Athens is often credited with introducing this form of government, where citizens directly participated in decision-making and voting on laws and policies. This system allowed every eligible citizen to have a say in the governance of the city, making it one of the earliest examples of democracy in history.

Nationalism refers to a strong sense of love, pride, and loyalty towards one's own country. It is the belief that the interests and well-being of the nation as a whole should be prioritized over individual or other collective interests. This aligns with the given statement that feelings of love and pride towards one's country are considered important.

The correct answer is c. Bangsa terjajah semakin miskin. The explanation for this answer is that Western imperialism in the East resulted in the exploitation and extraction of resources from the colonized nations. The wealth and resources of these nations were taken by the Western powers, leaving the colonized nations impoverished and economically disadvantaged.

The correct answer is a. Demokrasi. Demokrasi refers to a system of government where power is organized by, for, and of the people. It is a form of government that allows citizens to participate in decision-making processes, either directly or through elected representatives. In a democratic system, the government is accountable to the people and their rights and freedoms are protected. This answer aligns with the description given in the question, making it the correct choice.

The VOC (Dutch East India Company) was formed in order to avoid competition among Dutch traders. By establishing a monopoly over trade in the East Indies, the VOC could ensure that individual Dutch traders would not compete against each other, thus maximizing profits for the company as a whole. This allowed the VOC to consolidate its power and dominate the spice trade in the region.

During the Japanese occupation in Indonesia, political activities were prohibited because the Japanese were concerned about the political activities of the Indonesian people.

The correct answer is b. Pemberian kemerdekaan Indonesia di kemudian hari. This answer suggests that PM.Kaiso promised to grant independence to Indonesia at a later date.

The correct answer is a. Bastille. The French Revolution began with the attack on the Bastille prison on July 14, 1789. This event symbolized the uprising against the monarchy and the beginning of the revolution. The storming of the Bastille was seen as a victory for the people and a symbol of their power to overthrow the oppressive regime.

The correct answer is Louis XIV. He is known as the "Sun King" and ruled France from 1643 to 1715. During his reign, he centralized power, strengthened the monarchy, and established absolute monarchy in France. He believed in the divine right of kings and had complete control over the government, economy, and military. His reign is considered a golden age for France, but also led to social and economic inequalities and eventually contributed to the French Revolution.

During the stratification of French society before the Revolution, the fate of the third estate (golongan III) was to be oppressed and exploited. This means that they were subjected to various forms of oppression and were often squeezed for resources and labor by the higher classes. The third estate consisted of the commoners, who were the majority of the population and faced significant social and economic hardships during this time.

The correct answer is d. Montesqieau. Montesquieu was a French philosopher who advocated for the separation of powers in government. He believed that dividing power among different branches, specifically the judiciary, executive, and legislative branches, would prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and potentially abusing their power. This idea of separation of powers has had a significant influence on modern democratic systems.

The correct answer is a. Munculnya Imperialisme Modern. The Industrial Revolution led to the emergence of modern imperialism as powerful industrialized nations sought to expand their influence and control over other countries and regions. This was driven by the need for raw materials and new markets for their manufactured goods. The Industrial Revolution also led to advancements in transportation and communication, which made it easier for these imperial powers to exert their dominance.

The deteriorating financial condition of France is caused by the high level of corruption among officials.

Merkantilisme merupakan suatu kebijakan politik ekonomi dari Negara-negara imperialisme dengan tujuan menumpuk kekayaan berupa logam mulia. Merkantilisme adalah sistem ekonomi yang berfokus pada akumulasi kekayaan negara melalui perdagangan internasional. Negara-negara merkantilis berusaha untuk mengekspor lebih banyak barang daripada yang mereka impor, dengan harapan bahwa logam mulia seperti emas dan perak akan mengalir ke negara mereka sebagai pembayaran dari negara-negara yang memiliki defisit perdagangan. Dengan menumpuk logam mulia, negara-negara merkantilis berharap untuk memperkuat kekuatan ekonomi dan politik mereka.

The correct answer is d. Cara yang tepat untuk dapat mengisi kas Negara Belanda (The right way to fill the Dutch State's treasury). This suggests that the implementation of the Tanam Paksa system was seen as a suitable method to generate revenue for the Dutch government in the year 1830.

Adam Smith adalah salah satu tokoh pendukung paham Liberalisme dalam bidang ekonomi. Ia dikenal sebagai bapak ekonomi modern dan penulis buku "The Wealth of Nations" yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1776. Dalam bukunya, Smith menyatakan bahwa pasar bebas dan persaingan adalah faktor penting dalam menghasilkan kemakmuran dan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Ia juga memperkenalkan konsep tangan tak terlihat (invisible hand) yang menyatakan bahwa kegiatan individu yang menguntungkan diri sendiri pada akhirnya akan menguntungkan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Dengan demikian, Adam Smith merupakan salah satu tokoh yang berperan penting dalam mengembangkan pemikiran liberalisme ekonomi.

Nationalism is generally initiated by the educated class. This is because educated individuals have the knowledge and understanding of their nation's history, culture, and values. They are more likely to be aware of the need for unity and independence, and they have the ability to articulate and spread these ideas to the broader population. The educated class also tends to have access to resources and platforms that can amplify their message and mobilize support for nationalist movements. Therefore, it is the educated class that often takes the lead in promoting nationalism.

The correct answer is d. Jakarta, Bukit Tinggi, Makasar. This answer is correct because it states the three cities that are considered the centers of government bureaucracy in Indonesia, according to the given information. These cities are Jakarta, Bukit Tinggi, and Makasar.

The correct answer is "e. Negara adalah Saya." This is because the phrase "l'etat c'est moi" translates to "I am the state." It reflects the belief held by French kings, particularly Louis XIV, that they were the embodiment of the state and held absolute power. This phrase signifies the concentration of power and authority in the hands of the monarch, highlighting their dominance and control over the country.

The correct answer is d. Serikat Islam. Haji Agus Salim, H.O.S Cokroaminoto, Abdul Muis, and Suryopranato were all prominent figures in the Serikat Islam organization. This organization was established in 1912 and aimed to promote Islamic values and principles in Indonesia. Haji Agus Salim, in particular, played a significant role in the organization as one of its leaders and was known for his efforts in advocating for Islamic education and social welfare. Therefore, the correct answer is d. Serikat Islam.

The correct answer is SI Putih. Serikat Islam (SI) is an Islamic and nationalist organization, and the color white is often associated with purity and righteousness in Islamic symbolism. Therefore, SI Putih is the most suitable option that represents the Islamic and nationalist ideology of the organization.

The correct answer is a. Sistem Tanam Paksa. Sistem Tanam Paksa, also known as the Cultivation System, was a policy implemented by the Dutch colonial government in Indonesia. Under this policy, Indonesian peasants were required to cultivate cash crops, such as coffee and sugar, on a portion of their land for the Dutch government. This policy led to the exploitation of Indonesian farmers and the concentration of wealth in the hands of the Dutch. The oppressive nature of the Sistem Tanam Paksa contributed to the rise of nationalism in Indonesia as the people became increasingly aware of their subjugation and began to resist colonial rule.

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The correct answer is b. UU Agraria Tahun 1870. The explanation for this answer is that the UU Agraria Tahun 1870, also known as the Agrarian Law of 1870, was a significant legislation in Indonesia that regulated land ownership and land rights. This law allowed private Western investors to establish their capital in Indonesia and acquire land for their investments. Therefore, the presence of Western private investors in Indonesia since 1870 is closely related to the implementation of the UU Agraria Tahun 1870.

Liberalisme muncul pada saat di wilayah Eropa mengalami masa Revolusi Perancis. Selama Revolusi Perancis pada akhir abad ke-18, terjadi perubahan besar dalam struktur sosial dan politik di Prancis. Revolusi ini menggulingkan monarki dan membawa konsep-konsep liberal seperti kebebasan individu, hak asasi manusia, dan pemerintahan yang berdasarkan pada kehendak rakyat. Liberalisme sebagai ideologi politik dan ekonomi mulai berkembang dan mempengaruhi pemikiran dan tindakan di banyak negara di Eropa dan dunia.

The "Tiga A" movement launched by Japan did not garner sympathy from the Indonesian people. As a result, the Japanese government established the Putera organization as an alternative. This organization was created to promote collaboration between the Japanese and Indonesian youth and to gather support for Japan's occupation of Indonesia. The establishment of Putera was a strategic move by the Japanese government to gain influence and control over the Indonesian population.

The French Revolution erupted in 1789. This revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France, resulting in the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. It was a pivotal event in French history and had a profound impact on the development of modern political ideologies and institutions.

The Social Revolution that occurred in the 1820s aimed to create an improvement in welfare.

The correct answer is e. Etats Generaux. The Etats Generaux was the name of the French Parliament during the time of the Revolution. It was an assembly of representatives from the three estates (clergy, nobility, and commoners) and was called upon by King Louis XVI to address the financial crisis in France. This assembly eventually led to the formation of the National Assembly and the beginning of the French Revolution.

The correct answer is c. Mengenal mesin - mesin industri. The Industrial Revolution had an impact on Indonesia by introducing and familiarizing the nation with industrial machinery and technology. This led to the modernization and advancement of the country's industries and economy.

In the social stratification of French society before the Revolution, the second estate was occupied by the clergy, specifically the priests. This means that the correct answer is b. Pendeta. The clergy held significant power and wealth in society, and their role in the church made them an important part of the social hierarchy.

The correct answer is a. Nama jenis perahu Maluku yang panjang bentuknya (The name of a type of long-shaped boat in Maluku). The passage mentions "Pelayaran Hongi di Maluku" which means "Hongi's voyage in Maluku". The word "Hongi" refers to a type of boat, as indicated by the word "perahu" (boat) in the answer option. The passage also mentions that the purpose of the voyage is to combat spice smuggling, which is unrelated to the other answer options.

Demokrasi adalah sistem pemerintahan di mana keputusan-keputusan dibuat berdasarkan kehendak mayoritas, dengan mengutamakan kepentingan umum daripada kepentingan pribadi. Dalam demokrasi, setiap individu memiliki hak untuk berpartisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan politik dan memiliki kebebasan untuk menyuarakan pendapat mereka. Prinsip ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya mengutamakan kepentingan umum dan menghormati hak-hak individu dalam masyarakat.

The correct answer is d. Adanya insiden kapal teh di Boston. This incident, known as the Boston Tea Party, was a major catalyst for the American Revolution. In 1773, American colonists, disguised as Native Americans, boarded British ships and dumped tea into the Boston Harbor to protest against the Tea Act imposed by the British government. This act of rebellion united the colonists and increased tensions between Britain and the American colonies, ultimately leading to the American Revolution and the fight for independence.

GAPI stands for Gabungan Politik Indonesia, which translates to Indonesian Political Association in English. It is a political organization that was formed in Indonesia. The question asks for the correct answer that represents a form of demand from an organization, and GAPI fits this description as it is an organization that represents political demands in Indonesia.

The correct answer is e. Bebas bergerak di Asia. The purpose of Japan attacking Pearl Harbor on December 8, 1941 was to gain freedom of movement in Asia. By crippling the US Pacific Fleet stationed at Pearl Harbor, Japan aimed to remove any potential obstacles in their expansion plans in Asia and establish dominance in the region. This attack was a strategic move by Japan to secure their control over territories in Asia and ensure their freedom to maneuver without interference from the United States.

The given statement suggests that the Industrial Revolution has led to the worsening of the lives of the working class while the employers become wealthier. This situation has given rise to an ideology that aims to address the social and economic inequalities caused by capitalism, which is socialism. Socialism advocates for collective ownership and democratic control of the means of production, as well as the redistribution of wealth and resources to ensure social equality and justice.

Budi Utomo held its first congress in Jakarta. Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia and a major political and cultural center. It would make sense for Budi Utomo, a national organization, to hold its first congress in the capital city where it can attract a larger audience and gain more visibility and influence.

James Hargraves is credited with inventing the spinning jenny, a key machine during the Industrial Revolution that revolutionized the textile industry. The spinning jenny allowed multiple spindles of thread to be spun simultaneously, increasing production and efficiency. This invention greatly contributed to the growth of the textile industry and the overall progress of the Industrial Revolution.

The main factor that caused the French Revolution was the absolute power of the King. The French monarchy had an authoritarian rule where the King had complete control over the government and the people. This led to widespread inequality, oppression, and economic hardships for the majority of the population. The people became increasingly dissatisfied with the King's rule and demanded more rights and representation in the government. This ultimately led to the outbreak of the French Revolution as the people revolted against the absolute power of the King.

The correct answer is e. Berakhirnya Perancis di Amerika. This is because the Seven Years' War, also known as the French and Indian War, resulted in France losing its territories in North America to Great Britain. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which marked the end of French presence in North America.

Robespierre was a leader during the Reign of Terror in France. He was a prominent figure in the French Revolution and played a significant role in the Committee of Public Safety. Robespierre was known for his radical views and his role in executing thousands of people during the Reign of Terror. He advocated for the use of violence and repression to achieve revolutionary goals. Therefore, it can be concluded that Robespierre was the leader of the government during the period of terror in France.

During the Industrial Revolution, Indonesia was under the control of the Netherlands. The Dutch colonized Indonesia in the 17th century and established the Dutch East Indies, which became a major source of wealth for the Netherlands due to its abundant natural resources. The Dutch maintained control over Indonesia until the country gained independence in 1945.

Jepang ingin menguasai Indonesia untuk membendung gerak para Sekutu. Ini dapat dijelaskan dengan fakta bahwa pada saat itu, Indonesia merupakan koloni Belanda yang dikuasai oleh Sekutu. Jepang ingin mengambil alih kendali atas Indonesia untuk mencegah Sekutu menggunakan wilayah tersebut sebagai basis operasi untuk melawan Jepang. Dengan menguasai Indonesia, Jepang dapat memperkuat posisinya di Asia Tenggara dan mengendalikan sumber daya alam yang kaya yang ada di Indonesia.

The development of banking/finance in England is not a factor that caused the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution was primarily driven by factors such as the expansion of British colonization, the emergence of new ideologies, technological advancements in the textile industry, and the progress of England in shipping and trade. While the development of banking and finance may have played a role in supporting the Industrial Revolution, it was not a direct cause of it.

The correct answer is c. Timbulnya perkembangan perkotaan. The other options all describe social and societal impacts of the Industrial Revolution. Option a states that there was an increase in criminal activities due to the rapid urbanization and overcrowding in cities. Option b highlights the shift of farmers from agricultural work to industrial labor. Option d mentions the decline of feudal power as the Industrial Revolution led to a shift in economic and political power. Option e states that the Industrial Revolution triggered a significant wave of urbanization as people moved from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities. However, option c does not describe a social impact but rather an economic and infrastructural development.