Remedial Online Biologi Kelas Xii IPA
Soal ini disajikan untuk mengukur kemampuan siswa kelas XII IPA dalam memahami materi Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan serta Enzim dan Katabolisme Karbohidrat
- 1.
Pertumbuhan adalah proses kenaikan volume yang irreversible karena adanya pertambahan materi. Ciri dasar pertumbuhan diantaranya adalah ….
- A.
Sel bertambah banyak dan besar
- B.
Dibentuknya bunga
- C.
Dibentuknya buah
- D.
Bunga berubah menjadi bauh
- E.
Terbentuknya cabang batang
Correct Answer
A. Sel bertambah banyak dan besarExplanation
The correct answer is "sel bertambah banyak dan besar". This is because the basic characteristic of growth is the increase in the number and size of cells. As organisms grow, their cells divide and multiply, leading to an overall increase in size and volume. This process is irreversible and contributes to the overall development and maturation of an organism.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Perubahan kuantitatif pada pertumbuhan tumbuhan adalah ….
- A.
Tumbuhnya bunga
- B.
Mulai berbuah
- C.
Telah menghasilkan sel kelamin
- D.
Bertambah besarnya akar
- E.
Siap mengadakan pembuahan
Correct Answer
D. Bertambah besarnya akarExplanation
The correct answer is "bertambah besarnya akar." Quantitative changes in plant growth refer to the increase in size or quantity of a specific plant part. In this case, the answer suggests that the quantitative change in plant growth is the increase in the size of the root. This can be understood as the root system expanding and developing, allowing the plant to absorb more nutrients and water from the soil, which ultimately supports overall plant growth.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Seorang siswa membeli bibit mangga dengan umur dan tinggi yang hampir sama kemusian di tanam di halaman rumah yang terkena cahaya matahari. Setelah 1 tahun pohon mangga I tumbuh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pohon mangga II. Perbedaan kecepatan pertumbuhan ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor ….
- A.
Gen
- B.
Cahaya
- C.
Kesuburan tanah
- D.
Hormon auksin
- E.
Kelembaban
Correct Answer
A. GenExplanation
The correct answer is "gen" because the question states that the two mango trees have similar age and height, but after one year, tree I grows taller than tree II. This suggests that the difference in growth rate is likely due to genetic factors, as genes play a crucial role in determining an organism's growth and development.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Berikut ini faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman ;
- hormon
- cahaya
- genetik
- air
- enzim
- suhu
- A.
1,2 dan 3
- B.
1,3 dan 4
- C.
2,4 dan 6
- D.
3,4 dan 5
- E.
4,5 dan 6
Correct Answer
C. 2,4 dan 6Explanation
The correct answer is 2,4 and 6. The factors that affect plant growth are hormones, genetics, water, light, enzymes, and temperature. In this case, the correct answer includes factors 2 (light), 4 (water), and 6 (temperature). These three factors are external factors that play a significant role in the growth and development of plants.Rate this question:
- 5.
Perhatikan grafik pertumbuhan berikut ! Berdasarkan grafik diatas dapat disimpulkan ; Kecepatan tumbuh yang terbaik ada pada kisaran suhu ... derajat celcius
- A.
0 – 10
- B.
10 – 20
- C.
20 – 30
- D.
30 – 40
- E.
Di atas 40
Correct Answer
C. 20 – 30Explanation
Based on the given graph, it can be concluded that the optimal growth rate occurs within the temperature range of 20 to 30 degrees Celsius.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Berikut ini data pertumbuhan biji kacang hijau selama tujuh hari pengamatan. Berdasarkan data tersebut, pada hari keberapakah terjadi pertumbuhan panjang kecambah tertinggi ?
- A.
Hari ke-0
- B.
Hari ke-1
- C.
Hari ke-2
- D.
Hari ke-3
- E.
Hari ke-4
Correct Answer
D. Hari ke-3Explanation
Based on the given data, the highest growth in sprout length occurred on day 3.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Hormon ini aktif justru saat kondisi lingkungan tidak menguntungkan. Pada saat lingkungan tidak menguntungkan, hormon ini berkumpul di pucuk untuk menghambat pertumbuhan pucuk sehingga pengaruh lingkungan yang buruk dapat dikurangi. Hormon ini adalah ….
- A.
Auksin
- B.
Etilen
- C.
Asam absisat
- D.
Sitokinin
- E.
Traumalin
Correct Answer
C. Asam absisatExplanation
Asam absisat is the correct answer because it is a hormone that is active during unfavorable environmental conditions. It accumulates at the shoot apex to inhibit shoot growth, thereby reducing the negative effects of the environment.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Berikut ini fungsi hormon tumbuhan :
- Merangsang perpanjangan sel batang
- Merangsang pembelahan sel
- Menghambat perpanjangan sel akar
- Menghambat pembentukan biji
- A.
1 dan 2
- B.
1 dan 3
- C.
2 dan 3
- D.
2 dan 4
- E.
3 dan 4
Correct Answer
B. 1 dan 3Explanation
The correct answer is "1 dan 3" because auxin hormone functions to stimulate cell elongation in the stem (option 1) and inhibit cell elongation in the root (option 3).Rate this question:
- 9.
Tabel data hasil pengamatan pertumbuhan kecambah: Pernyataan yang tepat pada percobaan berdasarkan data pengamatan adalah ....
- A.
Pada suhu rendah kecambah mengalami pembusukan
- B.
Semakin tinggi suhu, kondisi lingkungan semakin steril
- C.
Pada suhu 25 derajat pertumbuhan kecambah paling optimum
- D.
Semakin tinggi suhu, semakin cepat pertumbuhan kecambah
- E.
Suhu rendah menyebabkan enzim pada biji menjadi rusak
Correct Answer
D. Semakin tinggi suhu, semakin cepat pertumbuhan kecambahExplanation
Based on the given data observation, the correct answer is "semakin tinggi suhu, semakin cepat pertumbuhan kecambah" (the higher the temperature, the faster the germination growth). This is supported by the fact that as the temperature increases, the germination process accelerates, indicating a positive correlation between temperature and germination speed.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Grafik pertumbuhan kecambah kacang di tempat gelap. Menurunnya kecepatan pertumbuhan tanaman setelah beberapa hari disebabkan ....
- A.
Kecambah kekurangan air
- B.
Nutrisi makanan yang tersedia mulai habis
- C.
Pengaruh hormon auksin semakin aktif
- D.
Menurunnya pengaruh hormon giberelin
- E.
Tumbuhan kekurangan klorofil pada daun
Correct Answer
B. Nutrisi makanan yang tersedia mulai habisExplanation
The correct answer is "nutrisi makanan yang tersedia mulai habis" because the decreasing growth rate of the bean sprouts after several days indicates that the available nutrients in the dark environment are being depleted. As the sprouts use up the nutrients for growth, there is less food available for them, resulting in a slower growth rate.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Berikut ini suatu tema percobaan, “Banyaknya air menentukan pertumbuhan biji jagung”. Variabel bebas dari percobaan tersebut adalah ….
- A.
Tanpa pupuk
- B.
Jenis air
- C.
Jumlah air
- D.
Jumlah biji
- E.
Jenis tanah
Correct Answer
C. Jumlah airExplanation
The independent variable in this experiment is the amount of water. This means that the researcher will be manipulating the amount of water given to the corn seeds in order to observe its effect on their growth. The other options listed, such as type of water, type of soil, and amount of seeds, are not the variables being manipulated in this experiment.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Manakah pernyataan di bawah ini yang merupakan sifat enzim ?
- A.
Mempercepat semua reaksi kimia
- B.
Spesifik pada substrat tertentu, suhu tertentu
- C.
Sebagai biokatalisator, karena ikut bereaksi
- D.
Hanya mempercepat reaksi metabolisme
- E.
Tahan terhadap suhu yang tinggi karena terdiri dari protein
Correct Answer
B. Spesifik pada substrat tertentu, suhu tertentuExplanation
The correct answer is "spesifik pada substrat tertentu, suhu tertentu." This statement explains that enzymes are specific to certain substrates and operate optimally at specific temperatures. Enzymes have a unique shape that allows them to bind to specific substrates and catalyze specific reactions. Additionally, enzymes have an optimal temperature range in which they function best. This is because temperature affects the enzyme's shape and activity. Enzymes are also known to be biocatalysts, meaning they participate in chemical reactions without being consumed.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Di bawah ini senyawa-senyawa yang dihasilkan dalam proses metabolisme :
- asam piruvat
- glukosa
- ATP
- NADH
- NADPH2
- oksigen
- A.
1, 2, dan 3
- B.
1, 3, dan 4
- C.
3, 4, dan 5
- D.
3, 4, dan 6
- E.
3, 5, dan 6
Correct Answer
B. 1, 3, dan 4Explanation
The compounds produced in the process of metabolism include pyruvic acid, glucose, ATP, NADH, and NADPH. The compounds produced in the reaction of glycolysis are pyruvic acid, ATP, and NADH. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 3, and 4, as these compounds are all produced in glycolysis.Rate this question:
- 14.
Dalam tahapan glikolisis, perubahan gliseraldehida 3-fosfat menjadi 1,3 bifosfogliserat (BPG) dibantu oleh enzim ….
- A.
Dehidrogenase
- B.
Isomerase
- C.
Fosfogliserokinase
- D.
Enolase
- E.
Piruvatkinase
Correct Answer
A. DehidrogenaseExplanation
In the glycolysis pathway, the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) is facilitated by the enzyme dehydrogenase. Dehydrogenase enzymes are responsible for catalyzing oxidation-reduction reactions by removing or adding hydrogen atoms from a substrate. In this specific step, dehydrogenase removes hydrogen atoms from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, resulting in the formation of BPG.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Dalam glikolisis untuk mengubah 1 molekul glukosa diperlukan ATP sebanyak … molekul.
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- E.
5
Correct Answer
B. 2Explanation
In the process of glycolysis, which is the breakdown of glucose, 2 molecules of ATP are required to convert one molecule of glucose. This is because glycolysis involves a series of chemical reactions that require energy input, which is provided by ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Berikut ini tempat proses dan hasil akhir dalam 3 tahapan respirasi ;
- dalam matriks mitokondria
- 36 ATP
- dalam sitosol
- dihasilkan CO2
- dengan bantuan sitokrom
- 2 ATP
- dihasilkan H2O
- asam piruvat
- A.
Glikolisis 1,2,7 dan Siklus Krebs 3,4,6
- B.
Glikolisis 1,5,7 dan Siklus Krebs 3,5,7
- C.
Glikolisis 3,4,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,2,5
- D.
Glikolisis 3,6,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,4,6
- E.
Glikolisis 3,7,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,2,7
Correct Answer
D. Glikolisis 3,6,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,4,6Explanation
The correct answer is "Glikolisis 3,6,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,4,6". This is because the given information states that 2 ATP is produced in the cytoplasm (Glikolisis), CO2 is produced in the matrix of mitochondria, and 36 ATP is produced in the mitochondria. The only option that matches this information is "Glikolisis 3,6,8 dan Siklus Krebs 1,4,6".Rate this question:
- 17.
Tempat berlangsungnya dan jumlah ATP yang dihasilkan pada tahapan transport elektron adalah ….
- A.
Mitokondria, 2 ATP
- B.
Sitoplasma, 2 ATP
- C.
Mitokondria, 6 ATP
- D.
Sitoplasma, 34 ATP
- E.
Mitokondria, 32 ATP
Correct Answer
E. Mitokondria, 32 ATPExplanation
The correct answer is "mitokondria, 32 ATP". Mitochondria is the site where the electron transport chain takes place in cellular respiration. This process generates a total of 32 ATP molecules through oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Pada sistem transportasi elektron atau system transport elektron, akseptor terakhir elektron adalah ….
- A.
Sitokorm
- B.
Dehidrogenase
- C.
Molekul O2
- D.
Molekul air
- E.
Substrat
Correct Answer
C. Molekul O2Explanation
In the electron transport system, the final electron acceptor is molecule O2. During the process of electron transport, electrons are passed along a series of protein complexes and carriers. These electrons are ultimately transferred to molecule O2, which acts as the final electron acceptor. This process is crucial for the production of ATP, as the transfer of electrons to molecule O2 allows for the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane, which is used to drive ATP synthesis.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Pegal-pegal setelah berolahraga disebabkan oleh fermentasi pada ….
- A.
Hati, terjadi perubahan asam laktat menjadi glukosa
- B.
Hati, terjadi perubahan asam laktat menjadi asam piruvat
- C.
Otot, terjadi perubahan glukosa menjadi asam piruvat
- D.
Otot, terjadi perubahan asam piruvat menjadi asam laktat
- E.
Otot, terjadi perubahan asam piruvat menjadi alkoohol
Correct Answer
D. Otot, terjadi perubahan asam piruvat menjadi asam laktatExplanation
After exercising, our muscles produce energy through a process called glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate. When there is not enough oxygen available, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid in the muscles. This accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles can cause stiffness and pain, known as pegal-pegal. Therefore, the correct answer is "otot, terjadi perubahan asam piruvat menjadi asam laktat" which translates to "muscles, there is a conversion of pyruvate into lactic acid."Rate this question:
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- 20.
Berdasarkan perolehan energi perbedaan antara respirasi anaerob dengan aerob adalah ….
- A.
Respirasi anaerob 2 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 30 ATP
- B.
Respirasi anaerob 2 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 38 ATP
- C.
Respirasi anaerob 4 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 34 ATP
- D.
Respirasi anaerob 4 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 36 ATP
- E.
Respirasi anaerob 4 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 38 ATP
Correct Answer
B. Respirasi anaerob 2 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 38 ATPExplanation
The correct answer is Respirasi anaerob 2 ATP ; Respirasi aerob 38 ATP. This is because anaerobic respiration only produces 2 ATP, while aerobic respiration produces 38 ATP.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Tahap dekarboksilasi menghasilkan produk ….
- A.
Karbondioksida dan FADH
- B.
ATP dan sitokrom
- C.
Asetil Ko-A dan NADH
- D.
Asam piruvat dan etanol
- E.
Asam sitrat dan H2O
Correct Answer
C. Asetil Ko-A dan NADHExplanation
The correct answer is asetil Ko-A dan NADH. The process of dekarboksilasi (decarboxylation) involves the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule. In this case, it is likely referring to the decarboxylation of pyruvate during the Krebs cycle. This process produces acetyl CoA, which is then used in the citric acid cycle, and NADH, which is an energy-rich molecule used in cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Reaksi kimia tentang fermentasi alkohol adalah....
- A.
Glukosa + O2 --> CO2 + H2O + ATP
- B.
Glukosa + O2 --> C2H5OH + H2O + 2ATP
- C.
Glukosa --> C3H6O3 + NADP + ATP
- D.
Glukosa --> 2C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + 2ATP
- E.
Glukosa --> 2C2H5OH + 2H2O + 2ATP
Correct Answer
D. Glukosa --> 2C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + 2ATPExplanation
The correct answer is glukosa --> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP. This equation represents the chemical reaction of alcohol fermentation, where glucose is converted into two molecules of ethanol (C2H5OH), two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2), and two molecules of ATP. This reaction occurs in the absence of oxygen and is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages and bread-making.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Perhatikan jalur reaksi fermentasi berikut :Hasil Reaksi yang terbentuk pada nomor 1, 2 dan 3 adalah ….
- A.
CO2, air, asam piruvat
- B.
Asetaldehid, asam laktat, asam piruvat
- C.
Asam piruvat, asetaldehid, etanol (alkohol)
- D.
ATP, asam piruvat, NADH
- E.
Asetildehid, asam piruvat, etanol (alkohol)
Correct Answer
C. Asam piruvat, asetaldehid, etanol (alkohol)Explanation
The correct answer is "Asam piruvat, asetaldehid, etanol (alkohol)". This is because the question is asking for the products formed in the fermentation reaction. In fermentation, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, and then pyruvate is converted into either acetaldehyde or lactic acid. In this case, the reaction pathway involves the conversion of pyruvate into acetaldehyde, and then acetaldehyde is further converted into ethanol (alcohol). Therefore, the correct answer is "Asam piruvat, asetaldehid, etanol (alkohol)".Rate this question:
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- 24.
Perhatikan skema respirasi aerob berikut ini!Yang ditunjukkan X dan Y adalah ....
- A.
Glukosa dan asam laktat
- B.
Glikolisis dan asetil Ko-A
- C.
Glukosa dan asam piruvat
- D.
Glikolisis dan asam piruvat
- E.
Glikolisis dan asam laktat
Correct Answer
C. Glukosa dan asam piruvatExplanation
The correct answer is "glikolisis dan asam piruvat" (glycolysis and pyruvic acid). This is because the scheme of aerobic respiration involves the breakdown of glucose through glycolysis, which produces pyruvic acid as a byproduct. Pyruvic acid then enters the next stage of aerobic respiration, the Krebs cycle, where it is further broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, X and Y in the scheme represent glucose and pyruvic acid, respectively.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Respirasi aerob secara umum dibagi menjadi tiga tahap yaitu glikolisis, siklus krebs, dan transpor elektron.Berdasarkan tabel di atas kesesuaian antara tahap dan tempatnya ditunjukan oleh nomor ....
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- E.
5
Correct Answer
B. 2Explanation
The given correct answer is 2. This suggests that the second step of aerobic respiration, which is the Krebs cycle, corresponds to a specific number in the table. However, without the table or further context, it is not possible to determine the exact correspondence or provide a more detailed explanation.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Hasil pengamatan uji kerja enzim katalase disajikan pada tabel berikut ;Berdasarkan data, faktor yang mempengaruhi kerja enzim katalase adalah ....
- A.
PH dan suhu
- B.
Bara api dan HCl
- C.
Bara api dan NaOH
- D.
Ekstrak hati
- E.
Zat H2O2
Correct Answer
A. PH dan suhuExplanation
Based on the data presented in the table, the factors that affect the performance of the catalase enzyme are pH and temperature. The table likely shows the enzyme activity at different pH levels and temperatures, indicating that these two factors have an impact on the enzyme's function. pH refers to the acidity or alkalinity of the environment, which can affect the enzyme's shape and activity. Temperature influences the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, with optimal temperatures typically enhancing enzyme activity. Therefore, pH and temperature are the factors that affect the catalase enzyme's performance, as supported by the data in the table.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Perhatikan tabel berikut!Berdasarkan tabel, kesimpulan yang tepat tentang sifat enzim adalah ....
- A.
Bekerja spesifik/khas
- B.
Sejenis dengan protein
- C.
Bekerja bolak-balik
- D.
Bekerja pada suhu optimum
- E.
Berfungsi sebagai katalisator
Correct Answer
A. Bekerja spesifik/khasExplanation
Based on the given table, the conclusion that can be drawn about the nature of enzymes is that they work specifically or selectively. This means that enzymes have the ability to recognize and bind to specific substrates to catalyze specific chemical reactions. This specificity is important for the efficiency and accuracy of enzyme function in various biological processes.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Perhatikan tabel rata-rata pertumbuhan kecambah di bawah ini!Berdasarkan data hasil eksperimen dapat disimpulkan bahwa cahaya adalah ....
- A.
Perusak hormon sitokinin dan menghambat pertumbuhan
- B.
Merupakan faktor yang tidak diperlukan
- C.
Hanya diperlukan sedikit untuk pertumbuhan
- D.
Faktor yang menghambat pertumbuhan
- E.
Perusak fitokrom sehingga menghambat fotosintesis
Correct Answer
D. Faktor yang menghambat pertumbuhanExplanation
Based on the given data, it can be concluded that light is a factor that inhibits growth.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Bagian bukan protein pada enzim yang berasal dari senyawa anorganik disebut ….
- A.
Kofaktor
- B.
Koenzim
- C.
Apoenzim
- D.
Akseptor
- E.
Inhibitor
Correct Answer
A. KofaktorExplanation
The correct answer is "kofaktor". Kofaktor adalah bagian bukan protein pada enzim yang berasal dari senyawa anorganik. Kofaktor berperan dalam membantu enzim dalam melakukan reaksi kimia dengan mengaktifkan enzim atau membantu dalam pemindahan gugus fungsional. Kofaktor dapat berupa ion logam atau molekul organik non-protein seperti NAD+ atau FAD.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Pada respirasi terjadi proses pemakaian karbohidrat menjadi piruvat yang disebut ….
- A.
Siklus Krebs
- B.
Siklus Calvin
- C.
Fermentasi
- D.
Glikolisis
- E.
Fiksasi
Correct Answer
D. GlikolisisExplanation
Glikolisis adalah proses pemecahan glukosa menjadi dua molekul piruvat dalam respirasi. Proses ini terjadi di sitoplasma sel dan merupakan tahap awal dalam produksi energi seluler. Glikolisis menghasilkan sedikit ATP dan juga NADH yang akan digunakan dalam tahap selanjutnya dari respirasi. Oleh karena itu, Glikolisis adalah jawaban yang tepat untuk pertanyaan ini.Rate this question:
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.jpg "Perhatikan tabel rata-rata pertumbuhan kecambah di bawah ini!Berdasarkan data hasil eksperimen dapat disimpulkan bahwa cahaya adalah ....")
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