Neurotransmitters Week 123
Chemical reactions occur in ways that are at times hard to understand. Basically, neurotransmitters are the endogenous chemicals that allow the neurotransmission during reactions. Take up the quiz and test your knowledge. All the best.
- 1.
What is the general term given to the type of neurotransmitter receptor that conducts ions through a pore?
- 2.
What is the general term given to the type of neurotransmitter receptor that does not directly conduct ions through a pore. This type of receptor is coupled to intracellular signalling mechanisms, usually through G-proteins.
- 3.
True or False. Neurones only make one neurotransmitter.
Explanation
This theory, called Dales principle, is largely discredited. Many neurones make one small molecule neurotransmitter and one peptide neurotransmitter. However, in practical terms it is often useful to consider neurones as only making one neurotransmitter. For example, serotinergic neurones make serotonin.Rate this question:
- 4.
The main excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- C.
Glycine
- D.
Glutamate
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
D. Glutamate -
- 5.
The neurotransmitter whose abundance is increased by fluoxetine
- A.
Anandamide
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glutamate
- D.
Glycine
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
E. Serotonin -
- 6.
Neurotransmitter transporters...... (Select all that apply)
- A.
Clear "excess" neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft
- B.
Are also used to pack neurotransmitter into synaptic vesicles
- C.
Exist for every known neurotransmitter
- D.
Are a site of action for many clinically important drugs
- E.
Are operated by Arriva Trains
Correct Answer(s)
A. Clear "excess" neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft
B. Are also used to pack neurotransmitter into synaptic vesicles
D. Are a site of action for many clinically important drugsExplanation
There are many different types of transporter, with some neurotransmitters having more than one. Transporters have not (yet) been found for some neurotransmitters (eg endocannabinoids).Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following statements can be applied to "excitatory" neurotransmitters? (Select all that apply)
- A.
Bind only to ionotropic receptors
- B.
Receptors conduct Cl-
- C.
Increase the likelihood that an action potential will be fired
- D.
Are found only in the central nervous system
- E.
Are blocked by benzodiazepines
Correct Answer
C. Increase the likelihood that an action potential will be firedExplanation
The only thing that defines a neurotransmitter as excitatory is if its actions result in an increased likelihood of an actional potential firing. Glutamate is the archetypal excitatory neurotransmitter, tho others can be.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Within the CNS, is made principally by the raphe nuclei.
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glutamate
- D.
Serotonin
- E.
Substance P
Correct Answer
D. Serotonin -
- 9.
Major anatomical site(s) which give(s) rise to dopaminergic projections
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Locus coeruleus
- C.
Paravertebral ganglia
- D.
Substantia Nigra
- E.
Ventral Tegmental Area
Correct Answer(s)
D. Substantia Nigra
E. Ventral Tegmental Area -
- 10.
Receptors whose function is potentiated by benzodiazepines such as lorazepam
- A.
Ionotropic glutamate receptors
- B.
Dopamine D2 receptors
- C.
GABA-A receptors
- D.
Glycine receptors
- E.
Serotonin 5HT3 receptors
Correct Answer
C. GABA-A receptors -
- 11.
Which receptors are blocked by ondansetron
- A.
Glycine receptors
- B.
GABA-A receptors
- C.
Metabotropic glutamate receptors
- D.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
- E.
Serotonin 5HT3 receptors
Correct Answer
E. Serotonin 5HT3 receptors -
- 12.
Neurotransmitter whose receptors are blocked by the antipsychotic haloperidol
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glutamate
- D.
Noradrenaline
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
B. Dopamine -
- 13.
Neurotransmitter whose receptors are stimulated by the Parkinsons disease treatment Ropinirole
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glutamate
- D.
Noradrenaline
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
B. Dopamine -
- 14.
Inhibitory neurotransmitter of the spinal cord that appears to have only ionotropic (no metabotropic) receptors
- A.
Adenosine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glycine
- D.
Glutamate
- E.
Noradrenaline
Correct Answer
C. Glycine -
- 15.
Neuropeptide whose actions are mimicked by morphine
- A.
Endorphin
- B.
Ghrelin
- C.
Leptin
- D.
Somatostatin
- E.
Substance P
Correct Answer
A. Endorphin -
- 16.
Which of the following elements in the life of a neurotransmitter are targeted pharmacologically to treat neurological and psychiatric diseases?
- A.
Degrading enzymes
- B.
Presynaptic receptors
- C.
Postsynaptic receptors
- D.
Synthesising enzymes
- E.
Transporters
Correct Answer(s)
A. Degrading enzymes
B. Presynaptic receptors
C. Postsynaptic receptors
D. Synthesising enzymes
E. Transporters -
- 17.
Is/are broken down by Monoamine Oxidase A
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Glycine
- D.
Noradrenaline
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer(s)
B. Dopamine
D. Noradrenaline
E. SerotoninExplanation
These three (and many other) neurotransmitters are called monoamines due to their chemistry.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Neurotransmitter whose actions at ionotropic receptors will result in an EPSP
- A.
Anandamide
- B.
Dopamine
- C.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- D.
Glycine
- E.
Glutamate
Correct Answer
E. GlutamateExplanation
EPSP stands for Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential. This term refers to the local depolarization that occurs when glutamate binds to ligand-gated sodium channels. If enough EPSPs are generated in a sufficient timeframe, an action potential will fireRate this question:
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- 19.
The main excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system
- A.
Acetylcholine
- B.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- C.
Glycine
- D.
Glutamate
- E.
Serotonin
Correct Answer
D. Glutamate -
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Current Version
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Mar 18, 2022Quiz Edited by
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Feb 18, 2010Quiz Created by
Phil_newton
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