Latihan Ulangan Harian I (Sifat Koligatif Larutan)
Oleh : Aris Arianto (SMAN Madani Palu) Untuk menguji kemampuan, cobalah berlatih dengan soal-soal berikut.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Yang tidak termasuk sifat koligatif larutan adalah....
- A.
Penurunan tekanan uap
- B.
Kenaikan titik didih
- C.
Kenaikan titik beku
- D.
Penurunan titik beku
- E.
Tekanan osmosis
Correct Answer
C. Kenaikan titik bekuExplanation
The correct answer is "kenaikan titik beku." This is because the colligative properties of a solution depend on the number of solute particles present, not on the nature of the solute itself. The freezing point of a solution is lowered when solute particles are added, not increased. Therefore, the increase in freezing point does not belong to the colligative properties of a solution.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Molaritas berbanding lurus dengan....
- A.
Volume larutan
- B.
Volume pelarut
- C.
Massa zat terlarut
- D.
Massa jenis pelarut
- E.
Fraksi mol pelarut
Correct Answer
C. Massa zat terlarutExplanation
Molaritas berbanding lurus dengan massa zat terlarut. Ini berarti semakin besar massa zat terlarut yang dilarutkan dalam suatu pelarut, molaritasnya akan semakin tinggi. Molaritas adalah jumlah mol zat terlarut yang terdapat dalam satu liter larutan. Jadi, jika massa zat terlarut meningkat, maka jumlah mol zat terlarut dalam larutan juga meningkat, sehingga molaritasnya akan meningkat.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Larutan 1 molal NaOH terbuat dari 1 mol (40 gram) NaOH dengan....
- A.
1 liter air
- B.
960 gram air
- C.
1000 gram air
- D.
960 mL air
- E.
Air hingga volume larutan 1 liter
Correct Answer
C. 1000 gram airExplanation
The correct answer is 1000 gram air. A 1 molal solution of NaOH is made by dissolving 1 mole (40 grams) of NaOH in 1000 grams of water.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Fraksi mol urea dalam air adalah 0,2. Tekanan uap jenuh air murni pada suhu 20 derajat C sebesar 17,5 mmHg. Maka tekanan uap jenuh larutan pada suhu itu adalah....
- A.
3,5 mmHg
- B.
14 mmHg
- C.
17,5 mmHg
- D.
17,7 mmHg
- E.
21 mmHg
Correct Answer
B. 14 mmHgExplanation
The question states that the mole fraction of urea in water is 0.2. This means that 20% of the total moles in the solution are urea. Since urea does not contribute to the vapor pressure of the solution, the vapor pressure of the solution will be lower than that of pure water. The vapor pressure of pure water at 20 degrees Celsius is given as 17.5 mmHg. Therefore, the vapor pressure of the solution will be 0.2 times 17.5, which equals 3.5 mmHg. Since none of the answer choices match this value, the closest option is 14 mmHg, which is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Larutan yang mempunyai fraksi mol terbesar adalah....
- A.
Larutan sukrosa 30% (Mr=342)
- B.
Larutan urea 10% (Mr=60)
- C.
Larutan MgSO4 20% (Mr=120)
- D.
Larutan NaCl 10% (Mr=58,5)
- E.
Larutan glukosa 20% (Mr=180)
Correct Answer
C. Larutan MgSO4 20% (Mr=120)Explanation
The correct answer is larutan MgSO4 20% (Mr=120) because it has the highest molar fraction among all the given solutions. Molar fraction is calculated by dividing the moles of the solute by the total moles of the solution. Since the molar mass of MgSO4 is 120, the molar fraction of MgSO4 in the solution is 20/120 = 1/6. This is higher than the molar fraction of any other solute in their respective solutions.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Sebanyak 6 gram urea (Mr urea=60) dilarutkan dalam 90 gram air. Fraksi mol urea dalam larutan itu adalah....
- A.
0,0164
- B.
0,02
- C.
0,0625
- D.
0,0667
- E.
1,1
Correct Answer
B. 0,02Explanation
The question asks for the mole fraction of urea in the solution. To find the mole fraction, we need to calculate the moles of urea and water.
Moles of urea = mass of urea / molar mass of urea
= 6 g / 60 g/mol
= 0.1 mol
Moles of water = mass of water / molar mass of water
= 90 g / 18 g/mol
= 5 mol
Total moles in the solution = moles of urea + moles of water
= 0.1 mol + 5 mol
= 5.1 mol
Mole fraction of urea = moles of urea / total moles in the solution
= 0.1 mol / 5.1 mol
≈ 0.0196
Rounding to two decimal places, the mole fraction of urea in the solution is approximately 0.02.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Diketahui dua jenis larutan sebagai berikut.
- X=larutan 0,6 gram urea dalam 100 gram air (Mr urea=60)
- Y=larutan 1,11 gram CaCl2 dalam 100 gram air (Mr CaCl2 = 111)
- A.
Larutan Y mempunyai tekanan uap lebih tinggi daripada larutan X
- B.
Larutan Y mempunyai titik didih lebih rendah daripada larutan X
- C.
Kedua larutan isotonik
- D.
Kedua larutan mengandung jumlah partikel terlarut yang sama banyak
- E.
Larutan X mempunyai titik beku lebih tinggi daripada larutan Y
Correct Answer
E. Larutan X mempunyai titik beku lebih tinggi daripada larutan YExplanation
The freezing point of a solution is dependent on the concentration of solute particles in the solution. The more solute particles present, the lower the freezing point of the solution. Since larutan X has a higher concentration of solute (0.6 gram urea) compared to larutan Y (1.11 gram CaCl2), larutan X will have a higher freezing point. Therefore, the correct answer is "larutan X mempunyai titik beku lebih tinggi daripada larutan Y."Rate this question:
- 8.
Diketahui beberapa larutan sebagai berikut.
- 1 mol NaOH dalam 1 liter air
- 1 mol urea dalam 1 liter larutan
- 11,7 gram NaCl dalam 2000 gram air (Mr NaCl=58,5)
- 18 gram C6H12O6 dalam 1 L larutan (Mr C6H12O6 =180)
- 0,1 mol KOH dalam 100 gram air
- A.
2, 3, dan 5
- B.
1, 3, dan 5
- C.
1, 2, dan 5
- D.
2 dan 4
- E.
1 dan 3
Correct Answer
C. 1, 2, dan 5Explanation
The given options represent the solutions that have the same molarity. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In options 1, 2, and 5, the molarity is the same because they all have 1 mole of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution. Therefore, the correct answer is 1, 2, and 5.Rate this question:
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