Ict2622 - Object Oriented Analysis True Or False Exam Questions

Explanation
The decision regarding whether or not a system is to be outsourced is not usually made by a project team leader. This decision is typically made by higher-level management or executives within the organization. The project team leader may provide input or recommendations, but the final decision is typically made by individuals with a broader perspective and authority within the company.

Explanation
A foreign key is a field or set of fields that is used to establish a relationship between two tables in a database. It is a column or a combination of columns in one table that references the primary key of another table. This relationship ensures data integrity and allows for the linking of related information between tables. Therefore, the given statement is correct, as it accurately describes the purpose and functionality of a foreign key in a database system.

Explanation
Reports that are not predefined by a programmer but are designed as needed are called "user" defined reports. This means that users have the flexibility to create reports based on their specific requirements, rather than relying on pre-programmed reports. This allows users to customize and tailor reports to their unique needs, providing them with more flexibility and control over the reporting process. Therefore, the statement "Reports that are not predefined by a programmer, but are designed as needed, are called 'user' defined reports" is true.

Explanation
Activity diagrams are actually very helpful in developing system sequence diagrams. Activity diagrams provide a visual representation of the flow of activities within a system, showing the order in which activities occur and the conditions that govern the transitions between activities. This information is crucial for understanding the sequence of events and interactions between different components of the system, which is essential for creating accurate system sequence diagrams. Therefore, the statement that activity diagrams are not helpful in developing system sequence diagrams is false.

Explanation
The UML problem domain class symbol is a rectangle with three sections. This statement is true. In UML (Unified Modeling Language), the class symbol is represented by a rectangle. The rectangle is divided into three sections: the top section contains the class name, the middle section contains the class attributes, and the bottom section contains the class methods. This representation helps to visually organize and display the information related to a class in a UML diagram.

Explanation
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems offer several advantages over in-house development. One major advantage is that implementing a new ERP system is generally more cost-effective and less risky compared to developing a system in-house. Developing a system internally requires significant time, resources, and expertise, whereas ERP systems are pre-built and can be easily customized and implemented. Additionally, ERP systems are typically developed by experienced vendors who have already addressed common challenges and risks, reducing the overall risk associated with system development. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation
The statement is true because web interfaces often use larger buttons, brighter colors, and more intuitive design elements compared to standard Windows interfaces. This makes the controls more visible and easier to understand for users. Additionally, web interfaces often provide immediate feedback or visual cues when a control is interacted with, making the effects more obvious to the user. Overall, these characteristics enhance the user experience and make it easier for individuals to navigate and interact with web interfaces.

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the statement is based on the concept of "Miller's Law" which suggests that the average person can only hold about seven chunks of information in their working memory at a time. Therefore, the interface designer cannot assume that the user will remember anything from form to form or dialog box to dialog box during their interaction with the system. This highlights the importance of designing interfaces that are intuitive, easy to navigate, and provide clear instructions to help users retain information and complete tasks effectively.

Explanation
This statement suggests that the wants and needs of individuals or departments within a company can lead to significant external events. In other words, the desires and requirements of people or units within the organization can have a direct impact on the external environment in which the company operates. This implies that internal factors can drive external outcomes and highlights the interconnectedness between the internal and external aspects of a company's operations.

Explanation
An event table is a tool used in systems analysis and design to document the various events that occur within a system. It focuses on capturing the automated processes and interactions that take place, highlighting the system's automated part. This helps in understanding the flow of events and the corresponding system responses. Therefore, the statement "An event table emphasizes the automated part of the system" is true.

Explanation
In an object-oriented database, relationships are not usually represented by embedding a foreign key in each participating class. Instead, relationships are typically represented by using object references or pointers between objects. This allows for more flexibility and better encapsulation of data within objects.

Explanation
In the object-oriented approach, objects communicate with each other by sending messages. This means that objects can interact by sending requests or commands to each other and receiving responses. This communication happens in a sequential manner, where objects take turns listening to and responding to messages. Therefore, the statement "In the object-oriented approach, objects send messages back and forth, listening to and responding to each other in sequence" is true.

Explanation
Outsourcing of all IS functions is considered a long-term strategic decision because it involves transferring the responsibility of managing and operating information systems to an external service provider. This decision requires careful consideration of various factors such as cost, expertise, and the organization's long-term goals. Outsourcing IS functions can have significant impacts on the organization's operations and requires long-term planning and commitment to ensure a successful transition and ongoing management of the outsourced functions.

Explanation
In object-oriented programming, it is a convention to begin class names with a capital letter and attribute names with a lowercase letter. This helps to distinguish between classes and attributes, making the code more readable and easier to understand. By following this convention, it becomes easier to identify and differentiate between different elements in the code. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation
This statement is true because identifying actors or users and understanding their goals is a fundamental step in defining use cases. Use cases are used to capture the interactions between the system and its users, and by identifying the actors and their goals, we can determine the specific functionalities and features that the system needs to provide in order to meet those goals. This technique helps in understanding the requirements of the system and allows for better design and development of the system.

Explanation
In a state machine diagram, each state needs to have a unique name in order to differentiate it from other states. This is important because the state name is used to represent a specific condition or situation in the system being modeled. If multiple states had the same name, it would create confusion and ambiguity in understanding the diagram. Therefore, it is necessary for each state in a state machine diagram to have a unique name.

Explanation
Prioritizing requirements is an important step in the development process as it helps determine the scope and level of automation needed for the new system. By prioritizing requirements, the team can identify the most critical functionalities and features that need to be included in the system. This helps in allocating resources and efforts effectively. Therefore, the statement that prioritizing requirements includes tasks to define both the scope and the level of automation for the new system is true.

Explanation
A relational database table is in first normal form (1NF) if it has no repeating fields or groups of fields. This means that each column in the table should contain only atomic values, and there should be no repeating groups of columns. In other words, each attribute in the table should have a single value, and there should be no arrays or lists of values stored in a single column. Therefore, the statement "A relational database table is in first normal form (1NF) if it has no repeating fields or groups of fields" is true.

Explanation
In Agile Development, contracts typically do not include options for the customer to cancel if the project is not progressing. Agile projects focus on delivering incremental value to the customer through continuous iterations and feedback. The emphasis is on collaboration and adaptability rather than rigid contracts. The customer and development team work closely together to prioritize and adjust requirements based on the evolving needs of the project. Therefore, the statement that contracts in Agile Development include options for the customer to cancel if the project is not progressing is false.

Explanation
A relational database management system (RDBMS) organizes and stores data in tables. Tables consist of rows and columns, where each row represents a record and each column represents a specific attribute or field. This structure allows for efficient storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data. RDBMS also supports relationships between tables through keys, enabling complex data relationships and ensuring data integrity. Therefore, the statement "A relational database management system stores data in tables" is true.

Explanation
The statement is true because in an object database, the system automatically ensures that key attributes, which are used to uniquely identify objects, are unique. This means that no two objects in the database can have the same key attribute value. This is an important feature of object databases as it helps maintain data integrity and allows for efficient retrieval and manipulation of objects based on their unique identifiers.

Explanation
Object-oriented databases have a data type called LONGRAW that allows for the storage of binary data. This means that users can store and retrieve files, images, videos, or any other type of binary data in the database. The LONGRAW data type is useful when dealing with large amounts of binary data that cannot be easily represented using traditional data types like strings or numbers. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct as it accurately describes the presence of the LONGRAW data type in object-oriented databases.

Explanation
The statement "Systems should make users feel that the system is in control" is false. In user-centered design, systems should prioritize giving users a sense of control and agency. Users should feel that they are in control of the system and can manipulate it to suit their needs. This empowers users and enhances their overall experience.

Explanation
Designers and programmers do need to be familiar with a framework before they can successfully use it. Frameworks are complex software tools that require knowledge and understanding to effectively utilize their features and functionalities. Without prior familiarity, designers and programmers may struggle to navigate and utilize the framework effectively, leading to potential errors and inefficiencies in their work. Therefore, it is important for designers and programmers to have a good understanding of the framework they are using.

Explanation
In a relational database, one-to-many and many-to-many relationships are both represented by foreign keys. A foreign key is a field in a table that refers to the primary key of another table. In a one-to-many relationship, the foreign key is placed in the "many" side table to reference the primary key of the "one" side table. This allows multiple records in the "many" side table to be associated with a single record in the "one" side table. Similarly, in a many-to-many relationship, a separate table is created to store the relationship between the two tables, and foreign keys from both tables are used to establish the connections. Therefore, the statement is true.