Chapter 6 - Chapter Test (10 Questions)
Chapter 6, Reference: Prentice Hall, publication 2004.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is an indicator used for in science?
- A.
Find the "pH" of a solution (tells how much "potential of Hydrogen" is in it)
- B.
Find the "concentration" of a solution (amount of one material dissolved in another)
- C.
Test for "conductivity" (if it allows electricity to flow)
- D.
Find out if a solution is "saturated" (full to the most amount of solute can hold)
Correct Answer
A. Find the "pH" of a solution (tells how much "potential of Hydrogen" is in it)Explanation
An indicator is used in science to find the pH of a solution, which tells us the potential of hydrogen in it. The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with a pH of 7 being neutral, values below 7 indicating acidity, and values above 7 indicating alkalinity. Indicators are substances that change color depending on the pH of the solution they are added to, allowing scientists to visually determine the pH level. By using indicators, scientists can quickly and easily determine the acidity or alkalinity of a solution for various scientific experiments and applications.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What type of solution has the pH of 9?
- A.
Acidic
- B.
Neutral
- C.
Basic
- D.
Saturatede
Correct Answer
C. BasicExplanation
A solution with a pH of 9 is considered basic. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic. Therefore, a solution with a pH of 9 falls on the basic end of the pH scale.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is a "characteristic property" of acids?
- A.
Acids turn red litmus paper "blue"
- B.
Acids taste bitter
- C.
Acids turn blue litmus paper "red"
- D.
Acids "do not" react with metals
Correct Answer
C. Acids turn blue litmus paper "red"Explanation
The characteristic property of acids is that they turn blue litmus paper red. This is a common test used to identify the presence of an acid. When an acid comes into contact with blue litmus paper, the paper changes color from blue to red, indicating the acidic nature of the substance. This is due to the release of hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid, which react with the litmus paper and cause the color change.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is a liquid mixture in which particles "can be seen" and "easily separated by filteration"?
- A.
Solution
- B.
Suspension
- C.
Solvent
- D.
Colloid
Correct Answer
B. SuspensionExplanation
A suspension is a liquid mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by filtration. In a suspension, the particles are usually larger and do not dissolve in the liquid, causing them to settle at the bottom over time. This makes it possible to separate the particles from the liquid by passing it through a filter.Rate this question:
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- 5.
When 40 mL of alcohol form a solution with 30 mL of water***"Think how much water and how much alcohol. Then think which is the solvent (large amount) or solute (smallest amount).
- A.
Alcohol is the solvent
- B.
Water is the solvent
- C.
Both alcohol and water are solvents
- D.
Neither alcohol nor water is a solvent
Correct Answer
A. Alcohol is the solventExplanation
In this question, we are given that 40 mL of alcohol forms a solution with 30 mL of water. The solvent in a solution is the component that is present in the larger amount. Since alcohol is present in a larger quantity (40 mL) compared to water (30 mL), alcohol is the solvent in this solution.Rate this question:
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- 6.
How can a scientist tell whether a water solution contains salt of sugar?
- A.
By tasting the solution
- B.
By smelling the solution
- C.
By testing the electrical conductivity of the solution
- D.
By filtering the solution
Correct Answer
C. By testing the electrical conductivity of the solutionExplanation
A scientist can determine whether a water solution contains salt or sugar by testing the electrical conductivity of the solution. This is because salt, which is an electrolyte, will dissociate into ions in water and allow the flow of electric current. On the other hand, sugar, which is a non-electrolyte, will not dissociate into ions and will not conduct electricity. Therefore, by measuring the electrical conductivity of the solution, the scientist can determine whether it contains salt or sugar.Rate this question:
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- 7.
When a compound dissolves in water
- A.
It always breaks up into ions (electrically charged atoms)
- B.
Its always conducts electricity
- C.
Its particles surround individual warter molecules
- D.
Each of its particles is surrounded by water molecules
Correct Answer
D. Each of its particles is surrounded by water moleculesExplanation
When a compound dissolves in water, each of its particles is surrounded by water molecules. This is because water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a slightly positive charge on one end and a slightly negative charge on the other end. The positive end of the water molecule is attracted to the negatively charged ions in the compound, while the negative end of the water molecule is attracted to the positively charged ions. This attraction causes the water molecules to surround and separate the particles of the compound, effectively dissolving it.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Weak tea is an example of a
- A.
Dilute solution
- B.
Concentrated solution
- C.
Saturated solution
- D.
Supersaturated solution
Correct Answer
A. Dilute solutionExplanation
Weak tea is an example of a dilute solution because it is made by adding a small amount of tea leaves to a large amount of water. The tea leaves are not concentrated in the solution, resulting in a low concentration of solute (tea) compared to the solvent (water).Rate this question:
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- 9.
What do bases form in water?
- A.
Hydroxide ions (H0-)?
- B.
Oxide ions
- C.
Hydrogen ions (H+)
- D.
Gas
Correct Answer
A. Hydroxide ions (H0-)?Explanation
Bases form hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. When a base is dissolved in water, it releases hydroxide ions, which are negatively charged. These hydroxide ions then combine with hydrogen ions (H+) from water to form water molecules (H2O). This process is known as the ionization of bases and is responsible for the characteristic properties of bases, such as their ability to neutralize acids and their bitter taste.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the pH of normal rainfall which is slightly acidic?
- A.
1
- B.
Less than 3
- C.
Between 5 and 7
- D.
Between 10 and 12
Correct Answer
C. Between 5 and 7Explanation
Normal rainfall is slightly acidic due to the presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which forms carbonic acid when it reacts with water. This lowers the pH of the rainwater. A pH between 5 and 7 indicates a slightly acidic nature, as it is below the neutral pH of 7.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is the reaction between an acid and a base?
- A.
Neutralization
- B.
Action-reaction
- C.
Basicity
- D.
Chemical reaction
Correct Answer
A. NeutralizationExplanation
Neutralization is the correct answer because when an acid and a base react, they undergo a chemical reaction known as neutralization. During this reaction, the acid donates hydrogen ions (H+) to the base, which accepts them and forms water and a salt. The resulting solution is neither acidic nor basic, hence the term neutralization. This process is commonly used to neutralize the effects of acids and bases, and it is an important concept in chemistry.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which is an example of a chemical change?
- A.
Grating cheese
- B.
Ripping paper
- C.
Digestion
- D.
Sawing a piece of wood apart
Correct Answer
C. DigestionExplanation
Digestion is an example of a chemical change because it involves the breaking down of food molecules into simpler substances through chemical reactions. In the process of digestion, enzymes and acids in the stomach and intestines break down complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body. This chemical transformation is different from physical changes like grating cheese, ripping paper, or sawing wood, which do not involve the alteration of the chemical composition of the substances involved.Rate this question:
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