1.
What is society?
Correct Answer
A. A diverse group of people who share a distinctive culture in a geographic location
Explanation
Society refers to a diverse group of people who live together in a specific geographic location and share a distinctive culture. This definition emphasizes the importance of both diversity and a shared culture within a society. It implies that society is not just a random group of individuals, but a collective that is shaped by its members and their interactions.
2.
Hunting and gathering societies:
Correct Answer
D. Lived off the resources that were directly around them such as animals and vegetation
Explanation
Hunting and gathering societies relied on the resources available in their immediate surroundings, such as animals and vegetation, for their survival. They did not have access to modern technologies like the internet or engage in global trade. This answer accurately describes the way these societies sustained themselves by utilizing the natural resources in their environment.
3.
Culture is learned.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Culture is learned because it is not something that we are born with, but rather something that is acquired through socialization and interaction with others. From a young age, we learn the customs, traditions, values, and beliefs of our society through observation, imitation, and instruction. This process of learning culture continues throughout our lives as we adapt and assimilate into different social groups and environments. Therefore, the statement "Culture is learned" is true.
4.
High culture would include things that appeal to the upper class such as opera or ballet.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because high culture refers to cultural activities and products that are considered to be of superior quality and sophistication. These activities and products are often associated with the upper class and are seen as more refined and elite. Opera and ballet are examples of high culture because they require a certain level of education, appreciation, and financial resources to fully enjoy and participate in them.
5.
Ethnocentrism refers to:
Correct Answer
A. The tendency to judge other cultures using the standards of one’s own culture
Explanation
Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to judge other cultures using the standards of one's own culture. This means that individuals who are ethnocentric believe that their own culture is superior and that other cultures should be evaluated based on their own cultural norms and values. This can lead to a lack of understanding and appreciation for cultural diversity, as well as the perception that one's own culture is the "right" or "normal" way of doing things.
6.
Multiculturalism involves:
Correct Answer
C. Embracing the uniqueness of disparate groups
Explanation
Multiculturalism involves embracing the uniqueness of disparate groups. This means accepting and appreciating the differences in cultures, traditions, and beliefs of various groups within a society. It promotes inclusivity and respect for diversity, recognizing that each group has its own valuable contributions to make. Multiculturalism encourages the coexistence of different cultures, fostering a sense of unity while celebrating the individuality and heritage of each group. It does not involve discriminating practices, making judgments, or adopting dominant traits.
7.
According to conflict theory culture:
Correct Answer
D. Allows some to exploit others
Explanation
According to conflict theory, culture allows some individuals or groups to exploit others. This perspective suggests that culture is not solely a means of maintaining a smooth functioning society or facilitating communication, but rather it can be used as a tool for those in power to exert control and exploit those who are marginalized or disadvantaged. In this view, culture is seen as a source of inequality and oppression rather than a force for social cohesion.
8.
Cultural universals include:
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Cultural universals are elements that are found in every culture around the world. Music, literature, and movies are examples of cultural expressions that can be found in various forms across different societies. These forms of artistic expression are fundamental aspects of human culture and are present in some way or another in all societies, making "All of the above" the correct answer.
9.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Industrial Revolution?
Correct Answer
C. Most people continued to live in rural areas
Explanation
During the Industrial Revolution, the means of production were mechanized due to the introduction of new technology. This led to increased efficiency and productivity in industries. The Industrial Revolution began in Britain and then spread to other countries through diffusion, as other nations adopted similar industrial practices. However, one statement that is NOT true about the Industrial Revolution is that most people continued to live in rural areas. In reality, the Industrial Revolution led to a significant migration of people from rural areas to urban centers, as they sought employment opportunities in factories and industries.
10.
A ______ can be anything that carries meaning and represents something else.
Correct Answer
C. Symbol
Explanation
A symbol is a representation that carries meaning and stands for something else. It can be an object, gesture, word, or image that represents a concept, idea, or entity. Symbols are used in various contexts such as language, art, religion, and culture to convey meaning and communicate complex ideas. They are powerful tools for communication and can evoke emotions, convey messages, and convey cultural values and beliefs. Therefore, a symbol fits the description of something that carries meaning and represents something else.