Chapter 18 Climate Change Online Study Guide

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Read the Chapter and then complete the study guide! You have 45 minutes and 1 attempt. Do not give or receive answers!

Questions and Answers

1.

Read section 18-1. Climate change is nothing new, the world has done it and will continue to do it. About how long was each glacial periods over the last 900,000 years?
- A.
  
  100,000 years
- B.
  
  10,000 years
- C.
  
  50,000 years
- D.
  
  75,000 years
Correct Answer
A. 100,000 years

Explanation
The correct answer is 100,000 years. According to section 18-1, each glacial period over the last 900,000 years lasted for approximately 100,000 years.

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2.

Still in section 18-1. The author makes sure that you know that greenhosue effect is not entirely accurate. Tropospheric heating would be a better term. Which chemist first recognized this natural troposphereic heating effect in 1896?
- A.
  
  Einstein
- B.
  
  Dr. Stewart
- C.
  
  Anton Van Leeunwenhoek
- D.
  
  Svante Arrhenius
Correct Answer
D. Svante Arrhenius

Explanation
In section 18-1, the author mentions that the term "greenhouse effect" is not entirely accurate and suggests that "tropospheric heating" would be a better term. This indicates that the author is referring to the phenomenon of natural heating in the troposphere. The question asks for the chemist who first recognized this effect in 1896, and the correct answer is Svante Arrhenius.

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3.

Still in 18-1. The two most abundant greenhouse gases are water vapor and carbon dixoide. over the past 160,000 years the CO2 levels have fluctuated between 190 and ____ parts per million.
- A.
  
  100
- B.
  
  220
- C.
  
  290
- D.
  
  500
Correct Answer
C. 290

Explanation
Over the past 160,000 years, the CO2 levels have fluctuated between 190 and 290 parts per million.

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4.

The idea of global warming is simple. Humans are putting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere which causes more troposphereic heating. CO2 concentration are higher now than they have been in th last 420,000 years. They are rising by about ____% each year.
- A.
  
  1
- B.
  
  5
- C.
  
  10
- D.
  
  .5
- E.
  
  .1
Correct Answer
D. .5

Explanation
The passage states that CO2 concentrations are rising and the question asks for the percentage by which they are rising each year. The correct answer is .5, which means that CO2 concentrations are rising by 0.5% each year.

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5.

Read Section 18-2. A challenge we will always face is predicting the future, we normally use advanced mathmematical models on computers. Which of the following Acronyms represents the network of about 2,500 of the world's leading climate experts from 70 nations established by the United Nations?
- A.
  
  CCPD
- B.
  
  PCCD
- C.
  
  IPCC
- D.
  
  NASA
Correct Answer
C. IPCC

Explanation
The correct answer is IPCC. The acronym IPCC stands for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which is a network of about 2,500 of the world's leading climate experts from 70 nations established by the United Nations. They use advanced mathematical models on computers to predict the future and provide scientific assessments on climate change.

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6.

In section 18-2. About how many degrees farenheit is the earth's surface likely to increase in the next 85 years (until 2100)? according to the report in 2000.
- A.
  
  2.5-10
- B.
  
  .1-2
- C.
  
  1-3
- D.
  
  7-15
Correct Answer
A. 2.5-10

Explanation
The correct answer is 2.5-10. According to the report in 2000, the Earth's surface is likely to increase in temperature by about 2.5-10 degrees Fahrenheit in the next 85 years until 2100.

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7.

Read section 18-3. The albedo of different parts of earth surface is critically important. The most significance comes when you look at the change of albedo as the glaciers and ice caps melt. Albedo is a meaure of
- A.
  
  Greenhouse gases
- B.
  
  CO2
- C.
  
  Sea level
- D.
  
  Reflectivity
Correct Answer
D. Reflectivity

Explanation
The correct answer is "reflectivity." The explanation for this answer is that albedo refers to the reflectivity of a surface, specifically the percentage of sunlight that is reflected back into space. It is critically important because it affects the amount of solar radiation that is absorbed by the Earth's surface. When glaciers and ice caps melt, the reflectivity of the Earth's surface decreases, as ice and snow have higher albedo values than land or water. This decrease in reflectivity can contribute to further warming of the planet, as less sunlight is reflected back into space.

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8.

Read Section 18-4. Who cares if the world warms? We should. Weather extremes have already reared their ugly heads. Where are the largest temperature increases expected to take place?
- A.
  
  0 degrees latitude
- B.
  
  30 degrees latituted
- C.
  
  60 degrees latitutde
- D.
  
  90 degrees latitude
Correct Answer
D. 90 degrees latitude

Explanation
The largest temperature increases are expected to take place at 90 degrees latitude. This is because 90 degrees latitude refers to the North and South poles, which are the regions most vulnerable to warming due to climate change. As the polar ice caps melt and the Earth's temperature rises, the poles experience the most significant temperature increases compared to other latitudes.

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9.

Read section 18-5. What can we do about climate change? Research is may be the most important. During _______, some of the major oil and automobile companies dropped out of the Glabl cllime Coalition that opposed reducing CO2 and other climate changing gases.
- A.
  
  1997
- B.
  
  1998
- C.
  
  1999
- D.
  
  2000
Correct Answer
D. 2000

Explanation
In the year 2000, some major oil and automobile companies dropped out of the Global Climate Coalition that opposed reducing CO2 and other climate changing gases. This suggests that during this time, there was a shift in the stance of these companies towards climate change. It could indicate a growing recognition of the need to address climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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10.

Read 18-6. The loss of ozone is another important topic in APES. You are likely to see a free response question on the AP exam. Which of the following is NOT an ozone depleting compound?
- A.
  
  CFC
- B.
  
  HBFC
- C.
  
  CCL4
- D.
  
  CH4
Correct Answer
D. CH4

Explanation
CH4 is not an ozone depleting compound because it does not contain chlorine or bromine atoms, which are the main components that break down ozone in the atmosphere. CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons), HBFCs (hydrobromofluorocarbons), and CCL4 (carbon tetrachloride) all contain chlorine or bromine atoms, and when released into the atmosphere, they can react with ozone molecules and deplete the ozone layer. Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas, but it does not directly deplete the ozone layer.

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11.

Briefly explain how CFC's destroy ozone (use figure 18-16 for help).
12.

Read section 18-7. We need to protect the ozone layer. It obviously saves us from UV radiation. That is why Australia has such a high incidence of skin cancer - the hole is in the southern hemisphere. What is the name of the treaty signed in 1987 to cut emissions of CFCs?

Correct Answer
Montreal Protocol
montreal protocol
Montreal protocol

Explanation
The treaty signed in 1987 to cut emissions of CFCs is called the Montreal Protocol. This treaty was created to protect the ozone layer and reduce the production and consumption of substances that deplete it, such as CFCs. It is named after the city where it was agreed upon, Montreal, and has been successful in phasing out the use of CFCs and other ozone-depleting substances worldwide.

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4

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Current Version
Mar 19, 2023

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Dec 02, 2011

Quiz Created by
AndrewBrinker

Chapter 18 Climate Change Online Study Guide

Read section 18-1. Climate change is nothing new, the world has done it and will continue to do it. About how long was each glacial periods over the last 900,000 years?

Still in section 18-1. The author makes sure that you know that greenhosue effect is not entirely accurate. Tropospheric heating would be a better term. Which chemist first recognized this natural troposphereic heating effect in 1896?

Still in 18-1. The two most abundant greenhouse gases are water vapor and carbon dixoide. over the past 160,000 years the CO2 levels have fluctuated between 190 and ____ parts per million.

The idea of global warming is simple. Humans are putting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere which causes more troposphereic heating. CO2 concentration are higher now than they have been in th last 420,000 years. They are rising by about ____% each year.

Read Section 18-2. A challenge we will always face is predicting the future, we normally use advanced mathmematical models on computers. Which of the following Acronyms represents the network of about 2,500 of the world's leading climate experts from 70 nations established by the United Nations?

In section 18-2. About how many degrees farenheit is the earth's surface likely to increase in the next 85 years (until 2100)? according to the report in 2000.

Read section 18-3. The albedo of different parts of earth surface is critically important. The most significance comes when you look at the change of albedo as the glaciers and ice caps melt. Albedo is a meaure of

Read Section 18-4. Who cares if the world warms? We should. Weather extremes have already reared their ugly heads. Where are the largest temperature increases expected to take place?

Read section 18-5. What can we do about climate change? Research is may be the most important. During _______, some of the major oil and automobile companies dropped out of the Glabl cllime Coalition that opposed reducing CO2 and other climate changing gases.

Read 18-6. The loss of ozone is another important topic in APES. You are likely to see a free response question on the AP exam. Which of the following is NOT an ozone depleting compound?

Briefly explain how CFC's destroy ozone (use figure 18-16 for help).

Read section 18-7. We need to protect the ozone layer. It obviously saves us from UV radiation. That is why Australia has such a high incidence of skin cancer - the hole is in the southern hemisphere. What is the name of the treaty signed in 1987 to cut emissions of CFCs?