Chapter 12 Test: Erosion And Deposition
Geography students, rejoice! We have the ultimate quiz coming right up, with a whole host of questions regarding the topic of erosion and deposition, under the overlying topic of rivers, lakes and basically anything to do with naturally waterflow. What can you tell us about the topic?
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Surf refers to ___________________.
- A.
Large storm waves in the open ocean
- B.
Giant waves produced by hurricanes
- C.
Breaking waves
Correct Answer
C. Breaking wavesExplanation
Surf refers to breaking waves. This term specifically refers to the waves that are formed when the swells approach the shore and break, creating a foamy and turbulent mass of water. The breaking waves are typically seen in coastal areas and are popular among surfers for riding and performing various maneuvers.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following can produce many large ocean waves?
- A.
Wind storms
- B.
High temperatures
- C.
Melting icebergs
Correct Answer
A. Wind stormsExplanation
Wind storms can produce many large ocean waves because strong winds blowing across the surface of the ocean create friction, which transfers energy to the water. This energy is then transferred to the water molecules, causing them to move in a circular motion and form waves. The stronger the wind, the more energy is transferred, resulting in larger and more powerful waves. Therefore, wind storms are a major factor in the formation of large ocean waves.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Because ocean waves travel in groups called ______________, they break at regular intervals.
- A.
Wavelengths
- B.
Wave periods
- C.
Wave trains
Correct Answer
C. Wave trainsExplanation
Ocean waves travel in groups called wave trains, which consist of a series of individual waves. These waves within a wave train have similar characteristics, such as wavelength and wave period. As the wave train moves through the ocean, the waves break at regular intervals, creating a pattern of breaking waves. This is why wave trains are responsible for the regular intervals at which ocean waves break.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is NOT a common offshore deposit?
- A.
A sand bar
- B.
A barrier spit
- C.
A sea cave
Correct Answer
C. A sea caveExplanation
Offshore deposits typically refer to landforms or features that are formed by the deposition of sediment in bodies of water, such as sand bars and barrier spits. A sea cave, on the other hand, is a type of coastal landform that is formed through erosion by the action of waves, rather than deposition of sediment. Therefore, a sea cave is not considered a common offshore deposit.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A wind-eroded depression is called a ___________.
- A.
Dune
- B.
Desert pavement
- C.
Deflation hollow
Correct Answer
C. Deflation hollowExplanation
A wind-eroded depression is called a deflation hollow. This term refers to a depression in the ground that is formed by the removal of loose particles by wind erosion. As wind blows over an area, it picks up and carries away loose sediment, leaving behind a depression in the landscape. This process is known as deflation, and the resulting hollow is called a deflation hollow.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The movement of sand-sized particles by a skipping and bouncing action in the direction the wind is blowing is called _______________.
- A.
Abrasion
- B.
Saltation
- C.
Deflation
Correct Answer
B. SaltationExplanation
Saltation is the correct answer because it refers to the movement of sand-sized particles by a skipping and bouncing action in the direction the wind is blowing. This process occurs when the wind is strong enough to lift and transport these particles, causing them to hop and jump along the ground. Saltation is an important mechanism in the transportation of sediment in deserts and other windy environments.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is the most common beach material?
- A.
Pebbles and larger rocks
- B.
Light-colored sand
- C.
Black sand
Correct Answer
B. Light-colored sandExplanation
The most common beach material is light-colored sand. This is because sand is formed from the weathering and erosion of rocks, and the most common type of rock found on Earth's surface is igneous rock, which tends to have light-colored minerals. As these rocks break down over time, the smaller particles are carried by rivers and streams to the ocean, where they are deposited along the coastline to form beaches. Light-colored sand is more common than pebbles and larger rocks because the smaller particles are easier to transport and deposit. Black sand, on the other hand, is less common and usually found in volcanic areas where the lava has cooled and broken down into small, dark-colored particles.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The lifting and removal of fine sediment by wind is called ________________
- A.
Deflation
- B.
Saltation
- C.
Abrasion
Correct Answer
A. DeflationExplanation
Deflation refers to the process of lifting and removing fine sediment by wind. It occurs when the wind blows over loose sediment, causing it to be lifted and transported away. This process is commonly observed in arid and desert regions where there is a lack of vegetation to anchor the sediment in place. The force of the wind is able to pick up and carry the fine particles, resulting in the erosion and removal of the top layer of sediment.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a process of wind erosion?
- A.
Deflation
- B.
Saltation
- C.
Calving
Correct Answer
C. CalvingExplanation
Calving is not an example of a process of wind erosion because it refers to the process in which chunks of ice break off from the edge of a glacier or ice shelf and fall into the water. This process is caused by the melting of ice and is not related to the action of wind. On the other hand, deflation and saltation are both examples of wind erosion processes. Deflation refers to the lifting and removal of loose particles from the ground surface by wind, while saltation is the process of small particles being lifted and bounced along the ground by wind.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Abrasion is a process of _______________ erosion.
- A.
Wind
- B.
Wave
- C.
Glacial
Correct Answer
A. WindExplanation
Abrasion is a process of erosion caused by wind. Wind can carry and transport particles such as sand and small rocks, which then collide with and wear away the surface of rocks and other materials. This process is particularly common in arid and desert regions where strong winds constantly blow and cause the abrasion of rocks and landforms.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Heavy rocks left behind by wind erosion is known as a _____________.
- A.
Desert pavement
- B.
Deflation hollow
- C.
Dune
Correct Answer
A. Desert pavementExplanation
Desert pavement refers to the heavy rocks that are left behind after wind erosion in a desert environment. These rocks form a layer on the surface, protecting the underlying soil from further erosion. This phenomenon occurs when the wind removes the finer particles of sand and dust, leaving behind larger rocks and pebbles. The desert pavement acts as a natural armor, preventing further erosion and creating a stable surface in the desert landscape.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Dust storms can occur when _________________.
- A.
The wind erodes exposed soil
- B.
Lack of plants expose the soil
- C.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. All of the aboveExplanation
Dust storms can occur when the wind erodes exposed soil or when there is a lack of plants to cover and protect the soil. Both factors contribute to the soil becoming loose and easily lifted by the wind, resulting in dust storms.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Where is the world's largest ice sheet located?
- A.
Greenland
- B.
Canada
- C.
Antarctica
Correct Answer
C. AntarcticaExplanation
Antarctica is the correct answer because it is home to the world's largest ice sheet. The continent is covered in a thick layer of ice, with the Antarctic ice sheet containing about 90% of the world's ice and 70% of its fresh water. This ice sheet is massive, with an average thickness of about 1.9 kilometers and covering an area of over 14 million square kilometers. It is larger than the ice sheet in Greenland or any other ice-covered region on Earth.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What term best describes all types of glacial deposits?
- A.
Glacial drift
- B.
Loess
- C.
Till
Correct Answer
A. Glacial driftExplanation
Glacial drift is the correct answer because it is a term that encompasses all types of glacial deposits. Glacial drift refers to the sediments that are transported and deposited by glaciers, including till (unsorted mixture of clay, sand, and gravel) and loess (fine-grained, wind-blown sediment). Therefore, glacial drift is the most appropriate term to describe all types of glacial deposits.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is an example of a stratified drift?
- A.
Moraine
- B.
Outwash plain
- C.
Till
Correct Answer
B. Outwash plainExplanation
An outwash plain is an example of stratified drift because it is formed by the deposition of sediment carried by meltwater from a glacier. As the glacier melts, the water carries and deposits the sediment in layers, creating a stratified deposit. On the other hand, a moraine is an accumulation of unsorted glacial debris, and till refers to the unsorted material deposited directly by the glacier.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is NOT a landform created by an alpine glacier?
- A.
Cirque
- B.
Deflation hollow
- C.
Horn
Correct Answer
B. Deflation hollowExplanation
A deflation hollow is not a landform created by an alpine glacier. Alpine glaciers are responsible for the formation of cirques and horns through erosion and deposition processes. A cirque is a bowl-shaped depression formed at the head of a glacier, while a horn is a pointed peak formed by the erosion of multiple cirques. On the other hand, a deflation hollow is a landform created by wind erosion, where loose sediment is removed, creating a depression in the ground.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Grooves left behind by a moving glacier are called ___________.
- A.
Moraines
- B.
Tills
- C.
Striations
Correct Answer
C. StriationsExplanation
Grooves left behind by a moving glacier are called striations. Striations are long, parallel scratches or grooves that are formed when rocks or debris embedded in the glacier's base scrape against the bedrock. These marks provide evidence of the direction and movement of the glacier. Moraines, on the other hand, are accumulations of rocks and debris deposited by a glacier, while tills are unsorted sediments left behind by a glacier.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the term for a mass movement of volcanic origin?
- A.
Lahar
- B.
Slump
- C.
Creep
Correct Answer
A. LaharExplanation
A lahar is a term used to describe a mass movement of volcanic origin. It refers to a type of mudflow or debris flow that occurs when volcanic ash and other materials mix with water, either from heavy rainfall or the melting of snow and ice on the volcano. This mixture can travel rapidly down the slopes of a volcano, often following existing river valleys, and can cause significant damage and destruction to the surrounding areas. Therefore, lahar is the correct answer to the question.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A ___________ is a type of landslide that occurs when a small block of land becomes detached and slides downhill.
- A.
Rockslide
- B.
Slump
- C.
Mudflow
Correct Answer
B. SlumpExplanation
A slump is a type of landslide that occurs when a small block of land becomes detached and slides downhill. This type of landslide is characterized by the movement of a coherent mass of rock or soil along a curved surface, resulting in a distinct slump feature. Slumps typically occur in areas with steep slopes and weak underlying materials, such as clay or silt. The detachment and sliding of the block of land is often triggered by factors such as heavy rainfall, erosion, or human activities.Rate this question:
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- 20.
___________________ takes place when materials are dropped.
- A.
Erosion
- B.
Deposition
Correct Answer
B. DepositionExplanation
Deposition takes place when materials are dropped. This process occurs when sediments, such as sand, silt, or clay, are transported by wind, water, or ice and then settle or accumulate in a new location. Deposition is the opposite of erosion, where materials are being transported and removed from a specific area.Rate this question:
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- 21.
______________ is the movement of any material downslope which is controlled by gravity.
- A.
Mass movement
- B.
Striation
Correct Answer
A. Mass movementExplanation
Mass movement refers to the movement of any material downslope that is controlled by gravity. This can include various types of movements such as landslides, rockfalls, and soil creep. Gravity acts as the driving force behind mass movement, causing materials to move downhill. This process is influenced by factors such as the slope angle, the type of material involved, and the presence of water. Mass movement can have significant impacts on the landscape, including the creation of landforms such as valleys and cliffs.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The distance between two waves is the __________________
- A.
Wave length
- B.
Wave height
- C.
Crest
Correct Answer
A. Wave lengthExplanation
The distance between two waves is referred to as the wave length.Rate this question:
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- 23.
________________ is the movement of material from one place to another.
- A.
Erosion
- B.
Depositon
Correct Answer
A. ErosionExplanation
Erosion is the correct answer because it refers to the process of material being moved from one place to another. This can occur through various agents such as water, wind, ice, or gravity. Erosion is responsible for shaping the Earth's surface by wearing away rocks and soil, and transporting them to new locations. Deposition, on the other hand, is the opposite process where eroded material is deposited or laid down in a new location.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A falling wave is called a _______________
- A.
Current
- B.
Breaker
- C.
Sea stack
Correct Answer
B. BreakerExplanation
A falling wave is called a breaker because when a wave reaches a certain height, it becomes unstable and collapses, creating a breaking effect. This breaking wave is commonly referred to as a breaker.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Name 3 of the 4 things that cause erosion.
Correct Answer
wind, water, ice, glaciers, gravityExplanation
Wind, water, ice, glaciers, and gravity are all factors that contribute to erosion. Wind erosion occurs when the force of wind carries away loose soil and sediment. Water erosion happens when flowing water, such as rivers or rain, washes away soil and creates channels. Ice erosion occurs when glaciers move and scrape the land, carrying away rocks and sediment. Gravity also plays a role in erosion by causing rocks and debris to fall and be transported downhill. These various forces work together to shape and reshape the Earth's surface over time.Rate this question:
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Mar 16, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 11, 2008Quiz Created by
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