Ch. 20 SEC 2 North Africa History & Culture SEC 3 N. Africa Today

Explanation
Hieroglyphics were indeed the basis for Egypt's first writing system. This ancient Egyptian writing system used pictorial symbols to represent words and sounds. It was developed around 3200 BCE and was used for thousands of years. Hieroglyphics were primarily used for religious and monumental inscriptions, but they also appeared in everyday writing, such as letters and legal documents. The decipherment of hieroglyphics in the 19th century provided valuable insights into ancient Egyptian culture, history, and language.

Explanation
The statement is false because currently, various African countries rule most of North Africa rather than European powers. After the decolonization process in the mid-20th century, African nations gained independence and took control of their territories. Today, countries like Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, and Sudan govern most of North Africa. European powers no longer have direct political control over these regions.

Explanation
Most people in North Africa speak Arabic and practice Islam. This is because Arabic is the dominant language in the region, and Islam is the major religion followed by the majority of the population in countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. Arabic is not only the official language in these countries but also widely spoken by the local population. Additionally, Islam has a strong presence in North Africa, with mosques and Islamic traditions being an integral part of the cultural and social fabric of the region.

Explanation
Muslims do not celebrate during the day with parades and feasts during the holy month of Ramadan. Instead, they observe fasting from dawn till sunset, abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs. Ramadan is a time of reflection, prayer, and self-discipline for Muslims, and it is not a time for festivities and celebrations during the day.

Explanation
North Africa is known for its beautiful wood carving, carpets, and tile work. This region has a rich tradition of craftsmanship and artistry, with skilled artisans creating intricate designs and patterns in wood, carpets, and tiles. These crafts are highly valued and sought after, both locally and internationally, for their beauty and craftsmanship. The vibrant colors, intricate patterns, and attention to detail make North African wood carving, carpets, and tile work highly distinctive and admired.

Explanation
Cairo is the correct answer because it is both the capital and largest city of Egypt. Alexandria is also a major city in Egypt, but it is not the capital. Casablanca and Tangier are cities in Morocco, not Egypt.

Explanation
Egypt's economy depends mostly on tourism. This is because Egypt has a rich cultural heritage with iconic historical sites such as the pyramids and the Sphinx, which attract a large number of tourists from around the world. Tourism contributes significantly to the country's GDP and provides employment opportunities for many Egyptians. Additionally, the revenue generated from tourism helps to support other sectors of the economy, such as hospitality, transportation, and retail.

Explanation
Libya is ruled by a dictator. A dictator is an authoritarian ruler who has complete control over the government and exercises power without any checks or balances. In the context of Libya, it is well-known that Muammar Gaddafi ruled the country as a dictator for over four decades until his overthrow in 2011. During his rule, Gaddafi held absolute power, suppressed political opposition, and controlled all aspects of Libyan society and government. Therefore, the correct answer is dictator.

Explanation
A city in which almost no taxes are placed on goods sold there is called a free port. In a free port, goods can be imported, stored, and exported without having to pay hefty taxes or tariffs. This encourages trade and attracts businesses, as it reduces the cost of doing business and increases profit margins. Free ports are often strategically located near major shipping routes or transportation hubs to facilitate international trade. They play a crucial role in promoting economic growth and stimulating foreign investment in the region.

Explanation
Oil is the most important resource in the Maghreb because it is a significant source of revenue for the countries in the region. The Maghreb, which includes countries like Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia, has abundant oil reserves and is a major exporter of oil to the global market. Oil plays a crucial role in the economic development and stability of these countries, as it contributes significantly to their GDP and government revenues. Additionally, oil provides employment opportunities and supports various industries, making it a vital resource in the Maghreb.