Bio 290: Intervertebral Joints & Ligaments

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Questions: 18 | Attempts: 891 | Updated: Feb 10, 2023

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Bio 290: Intervertebral Joints & Ligaments - Quiz

The joints on the vertebral are designed to be strong and hold weight. Several ligaments that hold the articulating bones together strengthen these joints. Take up this Bio 290 quiz on intervertebral joints and ligaments covering the Atlas plates 21-22 and 158- 159 and see how much you recall from the topic.

Questions and Answers

1.

Intervertebral disks both form joints between vertebral bodies AND act as shock absorbers for the vertebral column.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Intervertebral disks are located between the vertebral bodies and serve two main functions. Firstly, they form joints between the vertebral bodies, allowing for movement and flexibility in the vertebral column. Secondly, they act as shock absorbers, cushioning and distributing the forces that are applied to the spine during activities such as walking, running, or jumping. Therefore, the statement that intervertebral disks both form joints between vertebral bodies and act as shock absorbers for the vertebral column is true.

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2.

Intervertebral disks are composed of these two features:
- A.
  
  An elastic nucleus pulposus
- B.
  
  An anulus fibrosus
- C.
  
  A Nuchal
Correct Answer(s)
A. An elastic nucleus pulposus
B. An anulus fibrosus

Explanation
Intervertebral disks are composed of two features: an elastic nucleus pulposus and an anulus fibrosus. The elastic nucleus pulposus is a soft, gel-like substance located in the center of the disk, which provides cushioning and shock absorption for the spine. The anulus fibrosus, on the other hand, is a tough, fibrous outer layer that surrounds and protects the nucleus pulposus. Together, these two features help to maintain the structural integrity of the intervertebral disk and allow for flexibility and movement of the spine.

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3.

A "slipped disk" or "ruptured disk" is actually a herniated intervertebral disk in which the annulus fibrosus protrudes through the nucleus pulposus and compresses the spinal root (nerves emerging from the spinal cord).
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The Nucleus pulposus protrudes through the annulus fibrosus.

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1
0
4.

Most often, herniated disks occur in this region, where stress on the vertebral column is the greatest.
- A.
  
  Lumbar
- B.
  
  Sacral
- C.
  
  Coccygeal
Correct Answer
A. Lumbar

Explanation
Herniated disks most commonly occur in the lumbar region because it is the area where the stress on the vertebral column is the greatest. The lumbar region is located in the lower back and supports a significant amount of weight and movement, making it more prone to injury and disk herniation. The sacral and coccygeal regions are lower down the spine and do not experience as much stress, making them less likely locations for herniated disks.

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5.

This ligament is attached Skull <-> Cervical spinous processes.
- A.
  
  Anterior and Posterior longitudinal
- B.
  
  Supraspinous
- C.
  
  Nuchal
Correct Answer
C. Nuchal

Explanation
The ligament that is attached to the skull and cervical spinous processes is the nuchal ligament. The nuchal ligament is a strong, elastic ligament that runs along the back of the neck and provides support for the head. It helps to maintain the upright position of the head and also assists in stabilizing the cervical spine.

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6.

Which ligament is matched incorrectly?
- A.
  
  Anterior Longitudinal : Anterior vertebral body Anterior vertebral body
- B.
  
  Posterior Longitudinal : Posterior vertebral body Posterior vertebral body
- C.
  
  Supraspinous : Skull Cervical spinous processes
Correct Answer
C. Supraspinous : Skull Cervical spinous processes

Explanation
The supraspinous ligament connects the tips of the spinous processes of the vertebrae in the cervical spine, not the skull.

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1
0
7.

The supraspinous ligament attaches the posterior spinous processes <-> posterior spinous processes.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The supraspinous ligament is a strong fibrous band that connects the posterior spinous processes of the vertebrae. This ligament provides stability and support to the spinal column, helping to maintain proper alignment of the vertebrae. Therefore, it is true that the supraspinous ligament attaches the posterior spinous processes to each other.

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8.

Ribs are only fou nd in the cervical and thoracic part of the trunk only.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Ribs are only found in the thoracic part of the trunk.

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9.

Which statement is false?
- A.
  
  The first 7 pairs of ribs connect directly to the sternum via costal cartilages
- B.
  
  Ribs 8-12 attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilages of the more superior ribs.
- C.
  
  There are 2 floating ribs because they do not attch to the sternum nor to the cartilage of other ribs.
Correct Answer
B. Ribs 8-12 attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilages of the more superior ribs.

Explanation
Ribs 8-10 attach indirectly to the sternum via costal cartilages of the more superior ribs. Ribs 11-12 are the two floating ribs lacking attachment.

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2
0
10.

The __________ of the rib has two articular facets that form joints with the vertebral bodies of two thoracic vertebrae.

Correct Answer
Head
head

Explanation
The head of the rib has two articular facets that form joints with the vertebral bodies of two thoracic vertebrae.

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4
11.

The ___________ of the rib is found on the posterior surface and has a facet for articulation with a thoracic transverse process.

Correct Answer
tubercle
Tubercle

Explanation
The correct answer is "tubercle". The tubercle of the rib is located on the posterior surface and it has a facet that allows it to articulate with a thoracic transverse process.

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4
12.

The ___________ of the rib lies between the head and the tubercle.

Correct Answer
neck
Neck

Explanation
The correct answer is "neck" or "Neck". The explanation is that the neck of the rib is the part that lies between the head and the tubercle.

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4
13.

The _________ of the rib is curved, thin, and flat.

Correct Answer
Shaft
shaft

Explanation
The word "shaft" refers to the long, narrow, and cylindrical portion of an object. In the context of the question, it is referring to the rib. The rib is described as curved, thin, and flat, which aligns with the characteristics of a shaft. Therefore, "shaft" is the correct answer.

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4
14.

Just beyond the tubercle, at the _______ of the rib, the shaft runs sharply and anteriorly. Intercostal nerves and blood vessels are located in the costal groove along the inferior and medial surface of the rib shaft.

Correct Answer
Angle
angle

Explanation
The correct answer is "angle". The question is asking about the location of the shaft of the rib just beyond the tubercle. The word "angle" suggests that the shaft runs sharply and anteriorly at a specific point. This is supported by the mention of intercostal nerves and blood vessels being located in the costal groove along the inferior and medial surface of the rib shaft, indicating a specific angle or direction of the rib shaft.

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4
15.

The sternum lies in the midline of the anterior body wall of the thorax and is divided into three parts.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The sternum is indeed located in the midline of the anterior body wall of the thorax. It is a long flat bone that connects to the ribs and forms the front of the rib cage. The sternum is divided into three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. This division allows for flexibility and movement of the rib cage during breathing. Therefore, the statement is true.

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16.

The most superior part of the sternum is a broad, triangular ___________.
- A.
  
  Manubrium
- B.
  
  Body
- C.
  
  Xiphoid Process
Correct Answer
A. Manubrium

Explanation
The most superior part of the sternum is called the manubrium. It is a broad, triangular-shaped bone that forms the upper portion of the sternum. The manubrium is located at the base of the neck and articulates with the clavicles and the first pair of ribs. It provides attachment sites for various muscles and ligaments, and serves as an important landmark in the chest anatomy.

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17.

The second section of the sternum is the elongated __________.
- A.
  
  Manubrium
- B.
  
  Body
- C.
  
  Xiphoid Process
Correct Answer
B. Body

Explanation
The second section of the sternum is known as the body. The sternum is divided into three sections: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The body is the middle and largest section of the sternum, located between the manubrium and the xiphoid process. It is elongated and forms the main part of the sternum.

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18.

The most inferior, narrow, triangular shaped section of the sternum is the ________.
- A.
  
  Manubrium
- B.
  
  Body
- C.
  
  Xiphoid Process
Correct Answer
C. Xiphoid Process

Explanation
The xiphoid process is the most inferior, narrow, triangular shaped section of the sternum. It is located at the bottom of the sternum and is made of cartilage. It serves as an attachment point for various muscles and ligaments in the abdomen. The xiphoid process is the smallest and most fragile part of the sternum and can sometimes be easily fractured or injured.

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Current Version
Feb 10, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Jul 13, 2011

Quiz Created by
CahCah

Bio 290: Intervertebral Joints & Ligaments

Intervertebral disks both form joints between vertebral bodies AND act as shock absorbers for the vertebral column.

Intervertebral disks are composed of these two features:

A "slipped disk" or "ruptured disk" is actually a herniated intervertebral disk in which the annulus fibrosus protrudes through the nucleus pulposus and compresses the spinal root (nerves emerging from the spinal cord).

Most often, herniated disks occur in this region, where stress on the vertebral column is the greatest.

This ligament is attached Skull <-> Cervical spinous processes.

Which ligament is matched incorrectly?

The supraspinous ligament attaches the posterior spinous processes <-> posterior spinous processes.

Ribs are only fou nd in the cervical and thoracic part of the trunk only.

Which statement is false?

The __________ of the rib has two articular facets that form joints with the vertebral bodies of two thoracic vertebrae.

The ___________ of the rib is found on the posterior surface and has a facet for articulation with a thoracic transverse process.

The ___________ of the rib lies between the head and the tubercle.

The _________ of the rib is curved, thin, and flat.

Just beyond the tubercle, at the _______ of the rib, the shaft runs sharply and anteriorly. Intercostal nerves and blood vessels are located in the costal groove along the inferior and medial surface of the rib shaft.

The sternum lies in the midline of the anterior body wall of the thorax and is divided into three parts.

The most superior part of the sternum is a broad, triangular ___________.

The second section of the sternum is the elongated __________.

The most inferior, narrow, triangular shaped section of the sternum is the ________.