Chemistry B Quiz 4 Of 4
This is the last Chemistry prep quiz before the End of trimester exam tomorrow.
- 1.
Which of the following includes an example of a chemical property of an element?
- A.
Aluminum is a solid at room temperature and is a poor thermal insulator.
- B.
Sulfur is not shiny and is not malleable.
- C.
Sodium is a solid at room temperature and reacts with other elements.
- D.
Silicon is shiny and is a poor conductor of electricity.
Correct Answer
C. Sodium is a solid at room temperature and reacts with other elements.Explanation
The given answer is an example of a chemical property because it describes the reactivity of sodium with other elements. Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances and undergoes chemical changes. In this case, the fact that sodium reacts with other elements indicates a chemical property of sodium.Rate this question:
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- 2.
- A.
A Thermal energy → kinetic energy
- B.
B Kinetic energy → potential energy
- C.
C Chemical energy → thermal energy
- D.
D Potential energy → chemical energy
Correct Answer
C. C Chemical energy → thermal energyExplanation
Chemical energy can be converted into thermal energy through a process called combustion. When a substance undergoes combustion, it releases energy in the form of heat. This heat energy is a form of thermal energy. Therefore, the conversion of chemical energy into thermal energy is a valid and well-known process.Rate this question:
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- 3.
- A.
Nuclear fusion is occurring because many smaller nuclei are being fused.
- B.
Nuclear fission is occurring because large amounts of energy are being absorbed.
- C.
Nuclear fusion is occurring because many energetic neutrons are being emitted.
- D.
Nuclear fission is occurring because a nucleus is being split into smaller nuclei.
Correct Answer
D. Nuclear fission is occurring because a nucleus is being split into smaller nuclei. -
- 4.
- A.
They consist of barium chloride anhydrous.
- B.
They consist of barium chloride dihydrate.
- C.
They consist of barium chloride hexahydrate.
- D.
They consist of barium chloride heptahydrate.
Correct Answer
B. They consist of barium chloride dihydrate.Explanation
The correct answer is "They consist of barium chloride dihydrate." This is because the term "dihydrate" indicates that the compound contains two molecules of water. The other options, such as anhydrous, hexahydrate, and heptahydrate, indicate different amounts of water molecules present in the compound, which are not consistent with the given statement.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Heart cells require a certain balance of sodium and potassium ions to function. The blood, which is approximately 83% water, carries these two types of ions to the heart. The property of water that allows it to carry ions to the heart is its —
- A.
Molecular mass
- B.
Specific heat
- C.
Polarity
- D.
Density
Correct Answer
C. PolarityExplanation
Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a slight positive charge on one end and a slight negative charge on the other end. This polarity allows water molecules to attract and surround ions, such as sodium and potassium ions, effectively carrying them in the bloodstream. The positive ends of water molecules attract negative ions, while the negative ends attract positive ions, creating a "hydration shell" around the ions and enabling their transport to the heart cells. Therefore, the property of water that allows it to carry ions to the heart is its polarity.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The equation below represents a chemical reaction that produces a gas. 2Na(s) + 2H O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H (g) 22 What is the theoretical yield in liters of H2 gas if 5.00 g of Na are completely reacted and the H2 gas is collected at STP?
- A.
0.109 L
- B.
2.44 L
- C.
4.88 L
- D.
5.09 L
Correct Answer
B. 2.44 LExplanation
The equation provided shows that 2 moles of Na react to produce 1 mole of H2 gas. To find the theoretical yield of H2 gas, we need to convert the given mass of Na to moles using its molar mass. Then, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the moles of H2 gas produced. Finally, we can use the ideal gas law at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) to convert the moles of H2 gas to liters. The correct answer of 2.44 L is obtained by following these steps correctly.Rate this question:
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- 7.
- A.
F
- B.
G
- C.
H
- D.
J
Correct Answer
A. F -
- 8.
- A.
Volume
- B.
Mass
- C.
Boiling point
- D.
Number of moles
Correct Answer
C. Boiling point -
- 9.
Which mixture can be separated through filtration because one of the substances is insoluble in water?
- A.
NaClO and Pb(ClO) 3
- B.
Na2SO4 and SrSO4
- C.
NaNO and Pb(NO)
- D.
NaCHO and Pb(CHO) 2
Correct Answer
B. Na2SO4 and SrSO4Explanation
Na2SO4 and SrSO4 can be separated through filtration because one of the substances, SrSO4, is insoluble in water. Filtration is a method used to separate a solid from a liquid or gas by passing it through a filter, which allows the liquid or gas to pass through while retaining the solid. Since SrSO4 is insoluble in water, it will remain as a solid and can be separated from the liquid Na2SO4 through filtration.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Correct Answer
5 - 11.
Some students used a variety of procedures to investigate four liquid samples. The students recorded the following information. • When Sample W was cooled, solid particles settled out of the liquid. • The mass and volume of Sample X were measured, and the density of Sample X was calculated to be 1.6 g/mL. • Sample Y was heated, and the temperature was recorded. All the liquid boiled away at the same temperature and left no residue in the container. • When a dilute acid was added to Sample Z, gas bubbles formed and rapidly rose to the surface of the liquid. Based on these observations, which sample was clearly identifiable as a pure substance?
- A.
Sample W
- B.
Sample X
- C.
Sample Y
- D.
Sample Z
Correct Answer
C. Sample YExplanation
Sample Y is clearly identifiable as a pure substance because when it was heated, all the liquid boiled away at the same temperature and left no residue in the container. This indicates that Sample Y is a single, homogeneous substance without any impurities or contaminants.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the electron configuration for an atom of germanium at ground state?
- A.
[Ar]4s2 3d10 4p2
- B.
[Ar]4s2 4d10 4p2
- C.
[Kr]4s2 3d10 4p2
- D.
[Kr]4s2 4d10 4p2
Correct Answer
A. [Ar]4s2 3d10 4p2Explanation
The electron configuration for an atom of germanium at ground state is [Ar]4s2 3d10 4p2. This means that germanium has a total of 32 electrons. The [Ar] represents the electron configuration of the noble gas argon, which has 18 electrons. The 4s2 3d10 4p2 represents the remaining 14 electrons in the germanium atom, with 4s2 representing the 2 electrons in the 4th energy level (s sublevel), 3d10 representing the 10 electrons in the 3rd energy level (d sublevel), and 4p2 representing the 2 electrons in the 4th energy level (p sublevel).Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following correctly matches a compound with its molecular geometry?
- A.
Water (H2O): linear
- B.
Carbon dioxide (CO ): tetrahedral 2
- C.
Ammonia (NH3): trigonal planar
- D.
Methane (CH4): tetrahedral
Correct Answer
D. Methane (CH4): tetrahedralExplanation
Methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral molecular geometry because it has four bonding pairs of electrons around the central carbon atom. In a tetrahedral arrangement, the four bonding pairs are arranged in a way that maximizes the distance between them, resulting in a symmetric shape with bond angles of approximately 109.5 degrees.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A sample of a compound is added to distilled water in a clean beaker. A reaction occurs, and the water temperature drops rapidly. Which of the following statements is best supported by this observation?
- A.
An endothermic reaction occurred.
- B.
A dehydration reaction occurred.
- C.
The water was originally warmer than the compound.
- D.
The beaker was contaminated by another compound.
Correct Answer
A. An endothermic reaction occurred.Explanation
The observation that the water temperature drops rapidly suggests that energy is being absorbed from the surroundings. This is characteristic of an endothermic reaction, where the reaction absorbs heat from its surroundings. Therefore, the best-supported statement is that an endothermic reaction occurred.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Use the equation below to answer the following question. BaCl (aq) + Na SO (aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + BaSO (s) 2244 The theoretical yield of BaSO4 is 58.35 g. If 44.34 g of BaSO4 are produced from the reaction shown above, what is the percent yield of BaSO4?
- A.
31.67%
- B.
52.03%
- C.
75.99%
- D.
85.17%
Correct Answer
C. 75.99%Explanation
The percent yield can be calculated by dividing the actual yield (44.34 g) by the theoretical yield (58.35 g) and multiplying by 100. Therefore, the percent yield of BaSO4 is (44.34 g / 58.35 g) * 100 = 75.99%.Rate this question:
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- 16.
When zinc is exposed to air, zinc oxide is produced. What happens in this reaction?
- A.
Zinc is oxidized, and oxygen is reduced.
- B.
Zinc is reduced, and oxygen is oxidized.
- C.
Both zinc and oxygen are oxidized.
- D.
Both zinc and oxygen are reduced.
Correct Answer
A. Zinc is oxidized, and oxygen is reduced.Explanation
In this reaction, zinc is being oxidized, which means it is losing electrons. Oxygen, on the other hand, is being reduced, which means it is gaining electrons. This is evident from the formation of zinc oxide, where zinc atoms lose electrons to form positively charged zinc ions, and oxygen atoms gain these electrons to form negatively charged oxide ions. Therefore, the correct answer is that zinc is oxidized and oxygen is reduced.Rate this question:
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- 17.
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. A -
- 18.
How many molecules are in 0.500 mole of N2O5?
- A.
1.20×1023 molecules
- B.
3.01×1023 molecules
- C.
6.02×1023 molecules
- D.
3.01×1024 molecules
Correct Answer
B. 3.01×1023 moleculesExplanation
The Avogadro's number states that there are 6.02×10^23 molecules in one mole of any substance. Therefore, 0.500 mole of N2O5 would contain half of this number, which is 3.01×10^23 molecules.Rate this question:
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- 19.
- A.
A heterogeneous mixture
- B.
An element
- C.
A compound
- D.
A homogeneous mixture
Correct Answer
C. A compound -
- 20.
- A.
544 mm Hg
- B.
784 mm Hg
- C.
1830 mm Hg
- D.
6212 mm Hg
Correct Answer
B. 784 mm Hg -
- 21.
Which of these statements is an accurate description of the ionization energies of elements in the periodic table?
- A.
The ionization energy of lithium is greater than that of potassium.
- B.
The ionization energy of iodine is greater than that of fluorine.
- C.
The ionization energy of magnesium is greater than that of sulfur.
- D.
The ionization energy of krypton is greater than that of neon.
Correct Answer
A. The ionization energy of lithium is greater than that of potassium.Explanation
The ionization energy of an element refers to the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom of that element. In general, ionization energy tends to increase from left to right across a period in the periodic table, and decrease from top to bottom within a group. Therefore, the statement that the ionization energy of lithium is greater than that of potassium is accurate, as lithium is located to the left of potassium in the periodic table.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In a famous experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford, positively charged alpha particles were scattered by a thin gold foil. Which of the following is a conclusion that resulted from this experiment?
- A.
The nucleus is negatively charged.
- B.
The atom is a dense solid and is indivisible.
- C.
The mass is conserved when atoms react chemically.
- D.
The nucleus is very small and the atom is mostly empty space.
Correct Answer
D. The nucleus is very small and the atom is mostly empty space.Explanation
This conclusion was drawn from Rutherford's experiment because most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil, indicating that they were passing through empty space in the atom. However, a small fraction of the alpha particles were deflected or bounced back, suggesting that they were encountering a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of the atom. This led to the understanding that the nucleus is very small compared to the overall size of the atom and that the atom is mostly empty space.Rate this question:
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- 23.
- A.
Liquid condenses on a cold glass rod when gas from the test tube on the left is released.
- B.
A gas probe indicates that the water in the beaker contains dissolved nitrogen and oxygen.
- C.
A burning wood splint placed above the mouth of the test tube on the right glows brighter when some gas is released from the test tube.
- D.
The temperature of the wire connected to the battery increases.
Correct Answer
C. A burning wood splint placed above the mouth of the test tube on the right glows brighter when some gas is released from the test tube. -
- 24.
- A.
Trihydrogen phosphite
- B.
Phosphoric acid
- C.
Phosphorous hydroxide
- D.
Phosphorous acid
Correct Answer
B. Phosphoric acid -
- 25.
- A.
Indium (In), because it has a slightly higher atomic mass than aluminum (Al), and tin (Sn), because it has a slightly higher atomic mass than silicon (Si)
- B.
Cadmium (Cd), because it has chemical properties similar to those of zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg), because it has chemical properties similar to those of arsenic (As)
- C.
Antimony (Sb), because it has a slightly higher atomic mass than zinc (Zn), and bismuth (Bi), because it also has a higher atomic mass than zinc (Zn)
- D.
Gallium (Ga), because it has chemical properties similar to those of aluminum (Al), and germanium (Ge), because it has chemical properties similar to those of silicon (Si)
Correct Answer
D. Gallium (Ga), because it has chemical properties similar to those of aluminum (Al), and germanium (Ge), because it has chemical properties similar to those of silicon (Si) -
- 26.
Which product balances the chemical equation below? 3AgNO3(aq) + FeCl3(aq) → 3AgCl(s) + ______________
- A.
FeCl(aq)
- B.
FeCl2(aq)
- C.
FeNO3(aq)
- D.
Fe(NO3)3(aq)
Correct Answer
D. Fe(NO3)3(aq)Explanation
The balanced chemical equation shows that 3 moles of AgNO3 react with 1 mole of FeCl3 to produce 3 moles of AgCl. The missing product must be able to provide 3 moles of Cl ions to react with the AgNO3. Among the given options, only Fe(NO3)3(aq) contains 3 moles of NO3 ions, which can provide the required Cl ions when combined with FeCl3. Therefore, Fe(NO3)3(aq) is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Chemists can identify the composition of some unknown salts by conducting a flame test. When potassium salts are heated in a flame, a purple color is observed. This is due to the movement of electrons between energy levels. What is the electron configuration of a potassium atom at ground state?
- A.
1s22s22p63s23p64d1
- B.
1s22s22p63s23p63d1
- C.
1s22s22d63s23d64s1
- D.
1s22s22p63s23p64s1
Correct Answer
D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1Explanation
The electron configuration of a potassium atom at ground state is 1s22s22p63s23p64s1. This means that there are two electrons in the 1s orbital, two electrons in the 2s orbital, six electrons in the 2p orbital, two electrons in the 3s orbital, six electrons in the 3p orbital, and one electron in the 4s orbital. This configuration allows for the movement of electrons between energy levels, which is responsible for the observed purple color during a flame test.Rate this question:
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- 28.
- A.
178.3 kJ
- B.
571.8 kJ
- C.
−1029kJ
- D.
−2236kJ
Correct Answer
A. 178.3 kJ -
- 29.
How many atoms are present in 179.0 g of iridium?
- A.
5.606×1023 atoms
- B.
6.464×1023 atoms
- C.
1.078 × 1026 atoms
- D.
1.157×1026 atoms
Correct Answer
A. 5.606×1023 atomsExplanation
The correct answer is 5.606×10^23 atoms. This can be determined using the molar mass of iridium (192.22 g/mol) and Avogadro's number (6.022×10^23 atoms/mol). By dividing the given mass (179.0 g) by the molar mass, we can calculate the number of moles of iridium. Multiplying this by Avogadro's number gives us the number of atoms present in the given mass.Rate this question:
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- 30.
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
C. C -
- 31.
What volume of 1.0 M sodium phosphate, to the nearest tenth of a liter, must be used to make 4.0 L of 0.80 M sodium phosphate? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document.
Correct Answer
3.2Explanation
To determine the volume of 1.0 M sodium phosphate needed, we can use the formula for dilution:
C1V1 = C2V2
Where C1 is the initial concentration (1.0 M), V1 is the initial volume (unknown), C2 is the final concentration (0.80 M), and V2 is the final volume (4.0 L).
Rearranging the formula, we have:
V1 = (C2V2) / C1
Plugging in the values, we get:
V1 = (0.80 M * 4.0 L) / 1.0 M = 3.2 L
Therefore, the volume of 1.0 M sodium phosphate needed is 3.2 liters.Rate this question:
- 32.
- A.
It is a pure substance because solid particles cannot pass through the filter paper.
- B.
It is a pure substance because the river water is composed only of free elements.
- C.
It is a mixture because dissolved ions in the water pass through the filter paper.
- D.
It is a mixture because solid particles are separated from the river water.
Correct Answer
D. It is a mixture because solid particles are separated from the river water. -
- 33.
As a distant star moves away from Earth, the light given off by the star has a measurably lower frequency. What happens to the wavelength and energy of the photons of light when the frequency becomes lower?
- A.
The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases.
- B.
The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy decreases.
- C.
The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy increases.
- D.
The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy increases.
Correct Answer
A. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases.Explanation
As the frequency of light decreases, the wavelength becomes longer. This is because frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional to each other. When the frequency decreases, the wavelength increases. Additionally, the energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency. So, when the frequency decreases, the energy of the photons also decreases. Therefore, the correct answer is that the wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of these is a postulate of kinetic molecular theory?
- A.
Molecules of gases have a finite volume.
- B.
Molecules of gases attract and repel one another.
- C.
Collisions between gas molecules are inelastic.
- D.
The kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on temperature.
Correct Answer
D. The kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on temperature.Explanation
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on temperature. This means that as the temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases. This postulate helps explain the relationship between temperature and the motion of gas molecules.Rate this question:
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- 35.
- A.
NaCl
- B.
KCl
- C.
KNO3
- D.
NaNO3
Correct Answer
C. KNO3 -
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 19, 2014Quiz Created by
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