Download (WVSU Biology 120 Test 1) Flashcard

Choose a format below:

TEXT Format (.txt) MS-Excel Format (.xls)

Select delimiter » Comma Semicolon Tab New Line Custom

Preview »

Side A ------ Side B
Nucleolus of the nucleus is the site of 

A. protein synthesis. 
B. ribosome assembly. 
C. chromosome replication. 
D. lipid synthesis. 
E. uncoiling and unraveling of chromosomes.  ------ B. ribosome assembly
Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known as 
 
A. lysosomes. 
B. plastids. 
C. vacuoles. 
D. liposomes. 
E. ribosomes.  ------ A. lysosomes
All of the following are examples of monomer: polymer pairings except
 
 A. amino acids: polypeptides. 
B. monosaccharides: polypeptide. 
C. nucleotides: DNA. 
D. glucose: starch. 
E. fatty acids: triglycerides.  ------ A. amino acids: polypeptides
Four of the following five choices are functions of carbohydrates. Select the exception.
 
A. Chitin is a carbohydrate that is used in insects and other arthropods in the structures of their exoskeletons. 
B. Starch is a carbohydrate that is used by some plants as a way to store glucose. 
C. Glycogen is a carbohydrate that is used by animals as a way to store glucose. 
D. Cellulose is a carbohydrate that serves a structural function in plants. 
E. Glucose is a carbohydrate that is utilized by all life forms in the construction of nucleotides.  ------ E. Glucose is a carbohydrate that is utilized by all life forms in the construction of nucleotides
Which of the following is not found in RNA? 
 
A. adenine 
B. cytosine 
C. guanine 
D. thymine 
E. uracil 
  ------ ?
Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids? 

A. a five-carbon sugar 
B. a six-carbon sugar 
C. a phosphate group 
D. phosphodiester bonds 
E. an organic nitrogen containing base 
  ------ ?
38. The information storage molecules of cells are called 

A. fatty acids. 
B. membrane lipids. 
C. enzymes. 
D. hormones. 
E. nucleic acids.  ------ ?
 
Proteins possess all of the following functions except 
 
A. structure. 
B. metabolism. 
C. encode genetic information. 
D. membrane transport. 
E. cell recognition.  ------ ?
 
Functional groups found in amino acids include all of the following except 
 
A. -NH2. 
B. phosphate. 
C. -COOH. 
D. -OH. 
E. alkyl (linked multiple carbons with hydrogens)  ------ ?
 
27. A common lipid for energy storage is 
A. phospholipid. 
B. steroid. 
C. triglycerides. 
D. cholesterol. 
E. wax.  ------  
C. triglycerides. 
 
A type of transport of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient, using protein carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as 
 
A. osmosis. 
B. diffusion. 
C. facilitated transport. 
D. active transport. 
E. exocytosis.  ------ ?
 
The cell's transactions with the environment mediated by its plasma membrane include all of the following except 
 
A. ingesting food as molecules and sometimes as entire cells. 
B. returning waste and other molecules back to the environment. 
C. responding to a host of chemical cues. 
D. directing the synthesis of various food-digesting proteins. 
E. passing of messages to other cells.  ------ ?
 
Which of the following protein classes are not found as membrane proteins? 
 
A. transport channels 
B. hormones 
C. receptors 
D. enzymes 
E. identity markers  ------ ?
 
Carrier-mediated transport is also called 
 
A. facilitated diffusion. 
B. active transport. 
C. exocytosis. 
D. endocytosis. 
E. phagocytosis.  ------ ?
 
Cell-walled organisms cannot carry out 
 
A. exocytosis. 
B. active transport. 
C. osmosis. 
D. diffusion. 
E. endocytosis.  ------ ?
 
Cholesterol functions in the plasma membrane to 
 
A. transport ions. 
B. serve as an energy molecule. 
C. maintain fluidity. 
D. mediate steroid action. 
E. maintain hypertension.  ------ ?
 
As a scientist you perform an experiment in which you create an artificial cell with a selectively permeable membrane through which only water can pass. You put a 5M solution of glucose into the cell and you place that into a beaker of 10M glucose. What observations do you expect to see? 
 
A. Water moves out of the cell. 
B. Glucose moves out of the cell. 
C. No net change in cell weight. 
D. Water moves into the cell. 
E. Glucose moves into the cell.  ------ ?
 
If you were to replace the phosphate group of a phospholipid with a fatty acid chain, you would have 
 
A. glycerol. 
B. a triglyceride. 
C. cholesterol. 
D. glycolipid.  ------ ?
 
If you were a very thirsty cell, which process would you use to take in some nutrients secreted by one of your neighbors? 
 
A. phagocytosis 
B. pinocytosis 
C. receptor-mediated endocytosis 
D. exocytosis  ------ ?
 
Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratio 
 
A. increases. 
B. decreases. 
C. stays the same. 
D. is squared. 
E. is cubed.  ------ ?
 
Which of the following associations is unlike the others? 
 
A. histone—nucleosome 
B. crista—mitochondria 
C. grana—chloroplast 
D. lysosome—peroxisome  ------ ?
 
Organisms are composed of molecules, which are collections of smaller units, called 
A. molecules. 
B. atoms. 
C. electrons. 
D. polymers. 
E. ions.  ------  
B. atoms. 
 
Negatively charged particles of atoms with almost no mass are called 
 
A. electrons. 
B. protons. 
C. neutrons. 
D. ions. 
E. polymers.  ------ A. electrons. 
 
Elements that have atoms with the same atomic numbers but different number of neutrons are called 
A. polymers. 
B. ions. 
C. molecules. 
D. radioactive. 
E. isotopes.  ------ E. isotopes.
 
In chemical reactions, the gain of an electron is called 
A. oxidation. 
B. reduction. 
C. polymerization. 
D. ionization. 
E. covalent bonding.  ------ B. reduction.
 
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. They are known as 
A. molecules. 
B. isotopes. 
C. ions. 
D. radioactive. 
E. unstable atoms.  ------ C. ions.
 
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of 
A. protons only. 
B. neutrons only. 
C. protons plus electrons. 
D. protons plus neutrons. 
E. neutrons plus electrons.  ------ A. protons only.
 
Ordinary oxygen has an atomic mass of 16 and an atomic number of 8. This means that the number of neutrons in this type of oxygen is 
A. 24. 
B. 8. 
C. 16. 
D. not stable. 
E. none.  ------ B. 8
 
Which of the following statements about orbitals is false? 
A. They correlate with the number of protons in the nucleus. 
B. They cannot contain more than two electrons. 
C. They contain electrons of the same energy. 
D. They are paths around the nucleus in which the electrons orbit.  ------ A. They correlate with the number of protons in the nucleus. 
 
Regardless of its shape, a given orbital may contain no more than 
A. 1 electron. 
B. 4 electrons. 
C. 8 electrons. 
D. 2 electrons. 
E. 92 electrons.  ------ D. 2 electrons.
 
Two carbon atoms might be joined to each other by the sharing of two pairs of electrons, forming a(n) 
A. single bond. 
B. ionic bond. 
C. carbon bond. 
D. double bond. 
E. quadruple (4 point) bond.  ------ ?
 
Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the water molecule is 
A. hydrophobic. 
B. hydrophilic. 
C. organic. 
D. ionic. 
E. polar.  ------ E. polar.
 
Water molecules are attracted to each other because of the opposite charges created by partial charge separations within the molecules. These attractions are called 
A. atomic bonds. 
B. covalent bonds. 
C. ionic bonds. 
D. hydrogen bonds. 
E. double bonds.  ------ D. hydrogen bonds.
T or F, polar substances are difficult to dissolve in water? ------ False
Nitrogen is an important component of lipid molecules, true or false? ------ False
Once a hypothesis has been proven it is considered a theory, t or f? ------ False
Bacterial species are characterized by a diversity of organelles, t or f? ------ False
T or F, polypeptide chains are made in the golgi? ------ False.
Ideally, a treatment should only vary in one thing? ------ True
Heredity control is achieved in the nucleus? ------ True
Key chemical bonds for salts are chemical in nature? ------ False
All of the organisms found on Earth, regardless of the strange and exotic plants in which they are found, comprise the Earths ______________
A. Biodiversity
B. Ecosystem
C.Biosphere
D. Population ------ A. Biodiversity
What is a theory in biology?
A. an educated guess
B. similar to a hypothesis
C. a systematically=organized body of knowledge
D. the usual conclusion to an experiment ------ C. a systematically=organized body of knowledge
To eliminate alternative explanations, a good experiment must include ___________
A. treatment
B. hypothesis
C. design
D. control ------ D. control
Elements required in large amounts to sustain life are called:
A. bulk elements
B. atoms
C. trace elements
D. isotopes ------ A. bulk elements
The charge of a proton is postive and the charge of an electron is negative, t or f? ------ True
The function of the golgi apparatus is to _____
A. degrade and recycle dead and worn-out cell parts
B. produce energy
C. process and modify specific proteins
D. store pigments and carbohydrates ------ C. process and modify specific proteins
Isotopes of an element vary in the number of 
A. protons
B. electrons
C. neutrons
D. isotopes may vary in any of these particles ------ C. neutrons
The number of valence shell (outermost) electrons determines ____________.
A. atom's reactive properties
B. the nature of chemical bonds it forms
C. the column of the periodic table in which it will be located.
D. all of these are correct ------ D. all of these are correct
Chemical bonds in which there is a sharing of electrons are called _________
A. covalent bonds
B. ionic bonds
C. hydrogen bonds
D. Cohesive bonds ------ A. covalent bonds
Substances that resist large changes in pH are called? 
A. acids
B. buffers
C. bases
D. resistant ------ B. buffers
Which of the following would explain why lipids to not typically dissolve in water?
A. the molecules are too large
B. They have lots of ionic bonds
C. the hydrogen bonds that hold the molecules together are very weak
D. the lipid molecules are non-polar ------ D. the lipid molecules are non-polar
Which of the following has a balanced number of protons and electrons?
A. NaCl
B. H+
C. O-
D. OH- ------ A. NaCl
Which of the following bonds is hardest to break?
1. Ionic
2. Hydrogen
3. Covalent
4. Isotopic ------ 3. Covalent
The building blocks, or monomers, of the larger carbohydrates such as starch are ____________
1. Polysaccharides
2. Triglycerides
3. Amino Acids
4. Monosaccharides ------ 4. Monosaccharides
Which of these molecules is not a lipid?
A. sterol
B. wax
C. triglyceride
D. chitin ------ D. chitin
Special proteins responsible for catalyzing reactions in the cell are called _________
A. polypeptides
B. kinases
C. enzymes
D. reactants ------ C. enzymes
The variable portion of an amino acid is its?
A. amino group
B. R group
C. carboxyl group
D. the sterol group ------ C. carboxyl group
The nucleotide found in RNA but not DNA is?
A. thymine
B. adenine
C. uracil
D. cytosine ------ C. uracil
Which of these following molecules would be most likely to be found floating on top of a drop of water?
a. DNA
b. protein
c. cellulose
d. cholesterol ------ d. cholesterol
Which of the following are in the correct size order (largest to smallest)?
A. carbon atom, deoxyribose, nucleotide, DNA
B. chromosome, DNA, nucleotide, carbon atom
C. nucleotide, carbon atom, deoxyribose, DNA
D. Carbon atom, deoxyribose, DNA, nucleotide ------ B. chromosome, DNA, nucleotide, carbon atom

Side A ------ Side B
Nucleolus of the nucleus is the site of

A. protein synthesis. 
B. ribosome assembly. 
C. chromosome replication. 
D. lipid synthesis. 
E. uncoiling and unraveling of chromosomes.  ------ B. ribosome assembly
Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known as 
 
A. lysosomes. 
B. plastids. 
C. vacuoles. 
D. liposomes. 
E. ribosomes.  ------ A. lysosomes
All of the following are examples of monomer: polymer pairings except
 
 A. amino acids: polypeptides. 
B. monosaccharides: polypeptide. 
C. nucleotides: DNA. 
D. glucose: starch. 
E. fatty acids: triglycerides.  ------ A. amino acids: polypeptides
Four of the following five choices are functions of carbohydrates. Select the exception.
 
A. Chitin is a carbohydrate that is used in insects and other arthropods in the structures of their exoskeletons. 
B. Starch is a carbohydrate that is used by some plants as a way to store glucose. 
C. Glycogen is a carbohydrate that is used by animals as a way to store glucose. 
D. Cellulose is a carbohydrate that serves a structural function in plants. 
E. Glucose is a carbohydrate that is utilized by all life forms in the construction of nucleotides.  ------ E. Glucose is a carbohydrate that is utilized by all life forms in the construction of nucleotides
Which of the following is not found in RNA? 
 
A. adenine 
B. cytosine 
C. guanine 
D. thymine 
E. uracil 
  ------ ?
Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids?

A. a five-carbon sugar 
B. a six-carbon sugar 
C. a phosphate group 
D. phosphodiester bonds 
E. an organic nitrogen containing base 
  ------ ?
38. The information storage molecules of cells are called

A. fatty acids. 
B. membrane lipids. 
C. enzymes. 
D. hormones. 
E. nucleic acids.  ------ ?
 
Proteins possess all of the following functions except 
 
A. structure. 
B. metabolism. 
C. encode genetic information. 
D. membrane transport. 
E. cell recognition.  ------ ?
 
Functional groups found in amino acids include all of the following except 
 
A. -NH2. 
B. phosphate. 
C. -COOH. 
D. -OH. 
E. alkyl (linked multiple carbons with hydrogens)  ------ ?
 
27. A common lipid for energy storage is 
A. phospholipid. 
B. steroid. 
C. triglycerides. 
D. cholesterol. 
E. wax.  ------  
C. triglycerides. 
 
A type of transport of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient, using protein carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as 
 
A. osmosis. 
B. diffusion. 
C. facilitated transport. 
D. active transport. 
E. exocytosis.  ------ ?
 
The cell's transactions with the environment mediated by its plasma membrane include all of the following except 
 
A. ingesting food as molecules and sometimes as entire cells. 
B. returning waste and other molecules back to the environment. 
C. responding to a host of chemical cues. 
D. directing the synthesis of various food-digesting proteins. 
E. passing of messages to other cells.  ------ ?
 
Which of the following protein classes are not found as membrane proteins? 
 
A. transport channels 
B. hormones 
C. receptors 
D. enzymes 
E. identity markers  ------ ?
 
Carrier-mediated transport is also called 
 
A. facilitated diffusion. 
B. active transport. 
C. exocytosis. 
D. endocytosis. 
E. phagocytosis.  ------ ?
 
Cell-walled organisms cannot carry out 
 
A. exocytosis. 
B. active transport. 
C. osmosis. 
D. diffusion. 
E. endocytosis.  ------ ?
 
Cholesterol functions in the plasma membrane to 
 
A. transport ions. 
B. serve as an energy molecule. 
C. maintain fluidity. 
D. mediate steroid action. 
E. maintain hypertension.  ------ ?
 
As a scientist you perform an experiment in which you create an artificial cell with a selectively permeable membrane through which only water can pass. You put a 5M solution of glucose into the cell and you place that into a beaker of 10M glucose. What observations do you expect to see? 
 
A. Water moves out of the cell. 
B. Glucose moves out of the cell. 
C. No net change in cell weight. 
D. Water moves into the cell. 
E. Glucose moves into the cell.  ------ ?
 
If you were to replace the phosphate group of a phospholipid with a fatty acid chain, you would have 
 
A. glycerol. 
B. a triglyceride. 
C. cholesterol. 
D. glycolipid.  ------ ?
 
If you were a very thirsty cell, which process would you use to take in some nutrients secreted by one of your neighbors? 
 
A. phagocytosis 
B. pinocytosis 
C. receptor-mediated endocytosis 
D. exocytosis  ------ ?
 
Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratio 
 
A. increases. 
B. decreases. 
C. stays the same. 
D. is squared. 
E. is cubed.  ------ ?
 
Which of the following associations is unlike the others? 
 
A. histone—nucleosome 
B. crista—mitochondria 
C. grana—chloroplast 
D. lysosome—peroxisome  ------ ?
 
Organisms are composed of molecules, which are collections of smaller units, called 
A. molecules. 
B. atoms. 
C. electrons. 
D. polymers. 
E. ions.  ------  
B. atoms. 
 
Negatively charged particles of atoms with almost no mass are called 
 
A. electrons. 
B. protons. 
C. neutrons. 
D. ions. 
E. polymers.  ------ A. electrons. 
 
Elements that have atoms with the same atomic numbers but different number of neutrons are called 
A. polymers. 
B. ions. 
C. molecules. 
D. radioactive. 
E. isotopes.  ------ E. isotopes.
 
In chemical reactions, the gain of an electron is called 
A. oxidation. 
B. reduction. 
C. polymerization. 
D. ionization. 
E. covalent bonding.  ------ B. reduction.
 
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become negatively or positively charged. They are known as 
A. molecules. 
B. isotopes. 
C. ions. 
D. radioactive. 
E. unstable atoms.  ------ C. ions.
 
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of 
A. protons only. 
B. neutrons only. 
C. protons plus electrons. 
D. protons plus neutrons. 
E. neutrons plus electrons.  ------ A. protons only.
 
Ordinary oxygen has an atomic mass of 16 and an atomic number of 8. This means that the number of neutrons in this type of oxygen is 
A. 24. 
B. 8. 
C. 16. 
D. not stable. 
E. none.  ------ B. 8
 
Which of the following statements about orbitals is false? 
A. They correlate with the number of protons in the nucleus. 
B. They cannot contain more than two electrons. 
C. They contain electrons of the same energy. 
D. They are paths around the nucleus in which the electrons orbit.  ------ A. They correlate with the number of protons in the nucleus. 
 
Regardless of its shape, a given orbital may contain no more than 
A. 1 electron. 
B. 4 electrons. 
C. 8 electrons. 
D. 2 electrons. 
E. 92 electrons.  ------ D. 2 electrons.
 
Two carbon atoms might be joined to each other by the sharing of two pairs of electrons, forming a(n) 
A. single bond. 
B. ionic bond. 
C. carbon bond. 
D. double bond. 
E. quadruple (4 point) bond.  ------ ?
 
Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the water molecule is 
A. hydrophobic. 
B. hydrophilic. 
C. organic. 
D. ionic. 
E. polar.  ------ E. polar.
 
Water molecules are attracted to each other because of the opposite charges created by partial charge separations within the molecules. These attractions are called 
A. atomic bonds. 
B. covalent bonds. 
C. ionic bonds. 
D. hydrogen bonds. 
E. double bonds.  ------ D. hydrogen bonds.
T or F, polar substances are difficult to dissolve in water? ------ False
Nitrogen is an important component of lipid molecules, true or false? ------ False
Once a hypothesis has been proven it is considered a theory, t or f? ------ False
Bacterial species are characterized by a diversity of organelles, t or f? ------ False
T or F, polypeptide chains are made in the golgi? ------ False.
Ideally, a treatment should only vary in one thing? ------ True
Heredity control is achieved in the nucleus? ------ True
Key chemical bonds for salts are chemical in nature? ------ False
All of the organisms found on Earth, regardless of the strange and exotic plants in which they are found, comprise the Earths ______________
A. Biodiversity
B. Ecosystem
C.Biosphere
D. Population ------ A. Biodiversity
What is a theory in biology?
A. an educated guess
B. similar to a hypothesis
C. a systematically=organized body of knowledge
D. the usual conclusion to an experiment ------ C. a systematically=organized body of knowledge
To eliminate alternative explanations, a good experiment must include ___________
A. treatment
B. hypothesis
C. design
D. control ------ D. control
Elements required in large amounts to sustain life are called:
A. bulk elements
B. atoms
C. trace elements
D. isotopes ------ A. bulk elements
The charge of a proton is postive and the charge of an electron is negative, t or f? ------ True
The function of the golgi apparatus is to _____
A. degrade and recycle dead and worn-out cell parts
B. produce energy
C. process and modify specific proteins
D. store pigments and carbohydrates ------ C. process and modify specific proteins
Isotopes of an element vary in the number of 
A. protons
B. electrons
C. neutrons
D. isotopes may vary in any of these particles ------ C. neutrons
The number of valence shell (outermost) electrons determines ____________.
A. atom's reactive properties
B. the nature of chemical bonds it forms
C. the column of the periodic table in which it will be located.
D. all of these are correct ------ D. all of these are correct
Chemical bonds in which there is a sharing of electrons are called _________
A. covalent bonds
B. ionic bonds
C. hydrogen bonds
D. Cohesive bonds ------ A. covalent bonds
Substances that resist large changes in pH are called? 
A. acids
B. buffers
C. bases
D. resistant ------ B. buffers
Which of the following would explain why lipids to not typically dissolve in water?
A. the molecules are too large
B. They have lots of ionic bonds
C. the hydrogen bonds that hold the molecules together are very weak
D. the lipid molecules are non-polar ------ D. the lipid molecules are non-polar
Which of the following has a balanced number of protons and electrons?
A. NaCl
B. H+
C. O-
D. OH- ------ A. NaCl
Which of the following bonds is hardest to break?
1. Ionic
2. Hydrogen
3. Covalent
4. Isotopic ------ 3. Covalent
The building blocks, or monomers, of the larger carbohydrates such as starch are ____________
1. Polysaccharides
2. Triglycerides
3. Amino Acids
4. Monosaccharides ------ 4. Monosaccharides
Which of these molecules is not a lipid?
A. sterol
B. wax
C. triglyceride
D. chitin ------ D. chitin
Special proteins responsible for catalyzing reactions in the cell are called _________
A. polypeptides
B. kinases
C. enzymes
D. reactants ------ C. enzymes
The variable portion of an amino acid is its?
A. amino group
B. R group
C. carboxyl group
D. the sterol group ------ C. carboxyl group
The nucleotide found in RNA but not DNA is?
A. thymine
B. adenine
C. uracil
D. cytosine ------ C. uracil
Which of these following molecules would be most likely to be found floating on top of a drop of water?
a. DNA
b. protein
c. cellulose
d. cholesterol ------ d. cholesterol
Which of the following are in the correct size order (largest to smallest)?
A. carbon atom, deoxyribose, nucleotide, DNA
B. chromosome, DNA, nucleotide, carbon atom
C. nucleotide, carbon atom, deoxyribose, DNA
D. Carbon atom, deoxyribose, DNA, nucleotide ------ B. chromosome, DNA, nucleotide, carbon atom