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Side A ------ Side B Appeal ------ A request by the losing party in a lawsuit that the judgement be reviewed by a higher court. Statute ------ A law. Common Law ------ Refers to the "judge-made" law. Recognized by a community. Precedent ------ A prior judicial decision that serves as an example or rule to authorize or justify. Motion ------ A application for a rule or order, made to a court or judge. Plaintiff ------ The complaining party to the litigation; one who initiates the court-action. Defendant ------ In a civil case, the person being sued. In a criminal case, the person being charged. Standard of Proof ------ The amount of evidence which a plaintiff must present in a trial in order to win. "Voir Dire" ------ "To speak the truth." An attorney can challenge a juror "for cause" if that person says or expresses a bias against the attorney's case. 4th Amendment ------ Guards against unreasonable searches and seizures. Preponderance of Evidence ------ Based on the more convincing evidence and its probable truth or accuracy, and not on the amount of evidence Criminal Case ------ A lawsuit brought by a prosecutor that charges a person with the commission of a crime. Civil Case ------ A noncriminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights. Case Law ------ Law based on previous decisions of appellate courts, particularly the Supreme Court. Tort ------ A civil wrong, for which the court will provide a remedy in the form of an action for damages. Litigation ------ The process of resolving a dispute over legal rights in court. Prosecution ------ The means adopted to bring a supposed offender to justice and punishment by due course of law. Exclusionary Rule ------ A rule of evidence that disallows the use of illegally obtained evidence in criminal trials. 6th Amendment ------ Right to a public trial, right to have attorney's, right to confront witness face to face, right to jury. Burden of Proof ------ Deals with which side must prove what points. Reasonable Doubt ------ The level of certainty a juror must have to find a defendant guilty of a crime. "Reasonable expectation of privacy" ------ Expectation that what one does or says will not be seen or heard by someone else.
Side A ------ Side B Appeal ------ A request by the losing party in a lawsuit that the judgement be reviewed by a higher court. Statute ------ A law. Common Law ------ Refers to the "judge-made" law. Recognized by a community. Precedent ------ A prior judicial decision that serves as an example or rule to authorize or justify. Motion ------ A application for a rule or order, made to a court or judge. Plaintiff ------ The complaining party to the litigation; one who initiates the court-action. Defendant ------ In a civil case, the person being sued. In a criminal case, the person being charged. Standard of Proof ------ The amount of evidence which a plaintiff must present in a trial in order to win. "Voir Dire" ------ "To speak the truth." An attorney can challenge a juror "for cause" if that person says or expresses a bias against the attorney's case. 4th Amendment ------ Guards against unreasonable searches and seizures. Preponderance of Evidence ------ Based on the more convincing evidence and its probable truth or accuracy, and not on the amount of evidence Criminal Case ------ A lawsuit brought by a prosecutor that charges a person with the commission of a crime. Civil Case ------ A noncriminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights. Case Law ------ Law based on previous decisions of appellate courts, particularly the Supreme Court. Tort ------ A civil wrong, for which the court will provide a remedy in the form of an action for damages. Litigation ------ The process of resolving a dispute over legal rights in court. Prosecution ------ The means adopted to bring a supposed offender to justice and punishment by due course of law. Exclusionary Rule ------ A rule of evidence that disallows the use of illegally obtained evidence in criminal trials. 6th Amendment ------ Right to a public trial, right to have attorney's, right to confront witness face to face, right to jury. Burden of Proof ------ Deals with which side must prove what points. Reasonable Doubt ------ The level of certainty a juror must have to find a defendant guilty of a crime. "Reasonable expectation of privacy" ------ Expectation that what one does or says will not be seen or heard by someone else.
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