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What is phonology? |
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The description of the systems and patterns of speech sound in a language |
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What is phonology unconcious knowledge of? |
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the sound patterns of one's language, the mental aspect of the sounds of language |
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How is phonology written? |
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not in brackets, but in slash marks |
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What is a syllable? |
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a unit of sound consisting of a vowel and optional consonants before or after the vowel |
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What are the two basic elements of a syllable? |
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onset and rime |
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What does the rime consist of? |
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a vowel (nucleus) plus any following consonants (coda) |
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What is the onset? |
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one or more consonants |
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What is a consonant cluster? |
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two or more consonant sounds in sequence |
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What is a phoneme? |
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a distinct sound in a language, the smallest unit of sound that has a mental image and distinguishes meaning |
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How does a phoneme function? |
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contrastively; there has to be something that distinguishes one phoneme from the other |
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What are the three most significant features in English? |
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voice, place, manner |
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How would you write the features of [b]? |
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voiced, bilabial, stop |
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What is a minimal pair? |
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two words of different meaning that differ by only one phoneme; allow us to identify the phonemes of a language |
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What is a minimal set? |
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a group of words that are different by one phoneme (always in the same position) |
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What are allophones? |
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all the ways a given phoneme is articulated |
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What is aspiration? |
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the little puff of air after the initial sounds in words like: case (aspirated) and lack (non-aspirated) |
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What is nasalization? |
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when phonemes surrounding a nasal consonant take on the features of the nasal consonant |
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What are the two processes of co-articulation? |
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assimilation and elision |
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What is assimilation? |
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when one segment or phoneme "copies" another in a sequence of phonemes wehther between words or letters within words |
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What is elision? |
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not producing a sound segment that might otherwise be present in deliberate pronunciation |
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