Of all the inspirations for romantic art, none was more important than |
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Nature |
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The deliberate intent to draw creative inspiration from the composer’s own homeland is called |
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Nationalism |
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Instrumental music that is associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene is called
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Program Music |
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The composer whose career was a model for many romantic composers was |
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Ludwig Van Beethoven |
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A romantic composer who earned his living as a touring virtuoso was |
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Franz Liszt |
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One of the few composers fortunate enough to be supported by private patrons was |
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Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky |
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The word that is commonly used for a romantic art song with a German text |
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Lied |
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Franz Schubert (3, existence, reputation, # of songs) |
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· Led a bohemian existence, living with friends because he had no money to rent a room of his own
· At the time of his death, his reputation was mainly that of a fine song composer
· In addition to symphonies, operas, string quartets and other chamber works, he composed over 600 songs |
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The piano’s relentless rhythm in The Erkling unifies the episodes of the song and suggests the |
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Galloping Horse |
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Robert Schumann’s Works (3, descriptions) |
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· They are intensely autobiographical
· They are usually linked with descriptive titles, texts, or programs
· They are essentially lyrical in nature |
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Clara Schumann frequently performed the works of her husband and her close friend |
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Johannes Brahms |
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As a composer, Clara Schumann wrote...(4) |
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Wrote songs, piano pieces, a piano concerto, and a trio for piano, violin, and cello |
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Chopin's personality was |
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Shy and reserved |
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While in Paris, Chopin: (3, marries who, made a living, success) |
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· Married the famous writer Aurore Dudevant (George Sand)
· Made a good living by teaching piano to the daughters of the rich
· Gave a great number of successful public concerts |
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Chopin’s Revolutionary Etude in C minor develops the pianist’s left hand because |
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The left hand must play rapid passages throughout |
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Until the age of 36, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso |
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Pianist |
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Liszt typified the romantic movement because he (3, characteristics and skill) |
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· Had a charismatic personality
· Was a stupendous performer
· Was an innovative composer |
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Liszt created a one-movement orchestral composition based to some extent on a literary or pictoral idea |
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Symphonic Poem |
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Mendelssohn is known as the man who rekindled an interest in the music of |
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Johann Sebastian Bach |
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Mendelssohn wrote in these musical forms: (3) |
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· Symphonies
· String Quartets
· Oratorios |
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The Fantastic Symphony reflects Hector Berlioz’s: |
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Love for the actress Harriet Smithson |
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Partisans were startled by Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony because of its: (3, characteristics) |
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· Sensationally autobiographical program
· Vivid description of the weird and diabolical
· Amazingly novel orchestration |
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Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony is unified by the recurrence of a theme known as the |
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Idee Fixe |
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Was the founder of Czezh national music |
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Bedrich Smetana |
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Even though Smetana was deaf at the time, he composed a musical work depicting Bohemia’s main river as it flows through the countryside. The name of the river, and the musical composition, is the: |
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Moldau |
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Antonin Dvorak’s music was first promoted by |
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Johannes Brahms |
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Dvorak “found a secure basis for a new national American musical school” in the |
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African American spirituals |
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The popular character of Dvorak’s New World Symphony can be traced to the composer’s use of these often found in folk music: (3) |
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· Syncopations
· Pentatonic scales
· Modal scales |
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Tchaikovsky (3, occupation, considered himself of another ethnicity, made peaceful music) |
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· Progress in music was so raped that after graduating from the St. Petersburg Conservatory he became professor of harmony at the new Moscow Conservatory
· Was not a member of the “Russian Five”, but considered himself Russian in the fullest sense of the word
· With elements of French, Italian, and German music as well as Russian folk songs, fused national and international elements to produce intensely subjective and passionate music |
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Tchaikovsky’s Sixth Symphony |
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Ends with a slow, despairing finale |
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Johannes Brahms (3, early occupations, influence, reintroduced 3 works) |
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· When he was 13, Brahms studied piano, music theory, and composition during the day, and played dance music for prostitutes and their clients in waterfront bars at night
· Was a romantic who breathed new life into classical forms
· As conductor of a Viennese musical society, Brahms introduced many forgotten works of Bach, Handel, and Mozart |
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Brahms’s works are very personal in style, but are rooted in the music of: (3) |
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· Joseph Haydn
· Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
· Ludwig van Beethoven |
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The 1844 Treatise on Modern Instrumentation and Orchestration that signaled the recognition of orchestration as an art in itself was written by |
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Hector Berlioz |
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A study piece designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties |
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Etude |
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Nonprogram music is also known as |
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Absolute music |
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Berlioz influenced a whole generation of musicians, as one of the first great |
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Orchestral Conductors |
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Brahms named his composition A German Requiem because the text was chosen from |
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Luther’s German translation of The Bible |
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