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Integumentary system |
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the skin and all associated parts(glands, hair, and nails) |
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epidermis |
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The outer layer of the skin. Composed of stratified squamous epithelium. |
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Dermis |
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The inner layer of the skin. Consists of dense connective tissue that is rich with blood and lympth vessels, nerve endings, oil and sweat glands, and hair follicles. |
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Subcutaneous layer |
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Located below the dermis. Connective tissue layer that binds the dermis to the underlying structures. |
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Melanocytes |
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Specialized epithelial cells found primarily in the epidermis. They synthesize melanin. |
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Melanin |
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Provides a protective barrier to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. |
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Adipose Tissue |
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Contains lipocytes (fat cells). Is part of the subcutaneous tissue. The amount of tissue varies with sex, age, region of body, and nutritional state of individual. |
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Sudoriferous glands |
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Sweat glands that produce perspiration or sweat onto the surface of the skin through pores. Located primarily on the palms, soles, forehead, and armpits. |
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Sebaceous glands |
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Oil glands. Referred to as exocrine glands because they excrete substances through ducts. These glands are located in the dermis and produce an oily substance called sebum. |
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Hair |
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Found on nearly all parts of the body. Main purpose is protection. Insulates from cold and heat. |
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Nails |
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Serve as protection from injury, aid in grasping and picking up small objects. |
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adip/o |
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fat. |
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lip/o (lip/oma) |
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fat |
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cutane/o (sub/cutane/ous) |
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skin |
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derm/o (hypo/derm/ic) |
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skin |
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dermat/o (dermat/itis) |
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skin |
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myc/o (dermat/o/myco/sis) |
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fungus |
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onych/o (onych/o/malacia) |
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nail |
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scler/o (scler/o/derma) |
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hardening |
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albin/o (albin/ism) |
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white |
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leuk/o (leuk/o/cyte) |
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white |
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cirrh/o (cirrh/o/sis) |
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yellow |
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jaund/o (jaund/ice) |
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yellow |
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cyan/o (cyan/o/derma) |
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blue |
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erythem/o (erythem/a) |
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red |
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erythemat/o (erythemat/ous) |
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red |
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erythr/o (erythr/o/cyte) |
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red |
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melan/o (melan/oma) |
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black |
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epi- (epi/derm/o/lysis) |
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above, upon |
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sub- (sub/ungu/al) |
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under, below |
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-derma (scler/o/derma) |
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skin |
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-logist (dermat/o/logist) |
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spicialist in the study of |
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-logy (dermat/o/logy) |
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study of |
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-oid (lip/oid) |
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resembling |
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Abscess |
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a localized collection of pus in any body part. |
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Alopecia |
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partial or complete absense or loss of hair, baldness. |
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Cellulitis |
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inflammation of cellular or connective tissue. Spreaded infection. |
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Cicatrix |
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firm scar tissue that forms in the healing of a sore or wound. Scar. |
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Contusion |
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Bruise. An injury in which the skin is not broken, caused by a blow to the body and characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain. |
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Cyst |
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Closed sac or pouch in or under the skin, with a definate wall, that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material. |
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Dermatitis |
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Rash. Inflammation of the skin. |
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Ecchymosis |
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black and blue mark on the skin caused by hemorrhages in the skin from injury of by leakage of blood from blood vessels underneath the skin. More serious bruise. |
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Erythema |
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redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes resulting from dilation and congestion of superficial capillaries. |
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Gangrene |
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Necrosis or death of tissue. Turns black. |
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Impetigo |
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Inflammatory skin disease characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture. |
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Heterograft/ Xenograft |
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Tissue obtained from an individual of one species for transplantation to an individual of a different species. |
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Cautery |
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A technique used to destroy tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals. |
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Keloid |
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An overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of a wound of the skin. Often happens at the site of a piercing. |
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Laceration |
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Wound or irregular tear of the flesh. |
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lesion |
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A wound, injury, or pathological change in body tissue. |
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Lipoma |
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A benign growth made up of fatty tissue, synonymous with adipoma. |
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Melanoma |
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Any group of malignant, darkly pigmented neoplasms that originate in the skin and are made up of melanocytes. Black tumor. |
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Nevus (nevi) |
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A pigmented skin blemish that usually benign that may become cancerous. Mole. |
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Pediculosis |
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Infestation with lice. |
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Petechia |
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Minute or small hemorrhagic spot on the skin. |
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Pruritus |
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Itching, may be from allergic response. |
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Pustule |
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Small elevation of skin filled with lymph or pus. |
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Ulcer |
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An open sore or lesion of the skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing or inflamed necrotic tissue. |
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Decubitus |
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An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence caused by impaired circulation in a portion of the body surface from lying in one position over a prolonged period. Bed sore. |
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Partial-thickness burns |
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superficial burn that only damages two or three layers of the epidermis. Heal in 2 to 7 days. |
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Full-thickness burns |
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Affect all skin layers, including subcutaneous tissue. Center of burn may feel painless due to destruction of nerve endings. |
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Biopsy |
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Excision of small piece of living tissue from an organ or other part of the body for microscopic examination to confirm or establish a diagnosis. |
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Debridement |
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Removal of dead or damaged tissue from a wound or burn site to prevent infection and to facilitate healing. |
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Skin graft |
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Skin obtained from another part of the body, or from a donor, and used to repair a defect or trauma of the skin. |
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Autograft / homograft |
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Any tissue obtained from one part of the body and implanted at another location in the same individual. |
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