Define Medical Terminology Of Integumentary Systems Flashcards

Integumentary system made up of the skin and its related structures, performs important functions in maintaining the health of the body sebaceous glands secrete sebum (oil) that lubricates the skin and discourages the growth of bacteria on the skin sweat glands help regulate body temperature and water content by secreting sweat cutaneous cutane -ous relating to the skin skin pertaining to epidermis the outermost layer of the skin epithelial tissues form a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body squamous epithelial tissue forms the upper layer of the epidermis squamous means scale-like keratin fibrous, water-repellent protein soft keratin is a primary component of epidermis hard keratin is found in the hair & nails melanocytes cells that produce and contain a dark brown to black pigment called melanin dermis or corium thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis collagen means glue, is a tough, yet flexible, fibrous protein material found in the skin and in the bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments heparin is released in response to an injury, is an anticoagulant angicoagulant prevents blood clotting lipocytes or (fat cells) lip/o -cytes predominant in the subcutaneous layer where they manufacture and store large quantities of fat lip/o = fat; -cytes = cells sebaceous glands located in the dermis layer of the skin and are closely associated with hair follicles hidrosis the production and excretion of sweat arrector pili tiny muscle fibers attached to the hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect unguis (commonly known as a fingernail or toenail) the keratin plate protecting the dorsal surface of the last bone in each finger and toe (plural = ungues) lunula a pale half-moon-shaped region at every nail root that is generally most easily seen in the thumbnail (plural = lunulae) -plasty surgical repair acne vulgaris (acne) a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by an overproduction of sebum comedo a noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle bi/o life dermo/o, dermat/o skin erythr/o red hidr/o sweat hirsut/o hairy, rough kerat/o horny, hard, cornea lip/o fat, lipid melan/o black, dark myc/o fungus onych/o fingernail or toenail pedicul/o louse or lice rhytid/o wrinkle seb/o sebum urtic/o nettle, rash, hives xer/o dry actinic keratosis a precancerous skin groth that occurs on sun-damaged skin; often looks like a red scaly patch and feels like sandpaper albinism albin; -ism a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, & irises of the eyes white; condition alopecia (baldness) alopec; -ia the partial of complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp alopec = baldness; -ia = condition blepharoplasty (lid lift) blephar/o; -plasty the surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing excess fat, skin, & muscle eyelid; surgical repair bulla a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter carbuncle a cluster of connected furuncles (boils) cellulitis an acute, rapidly spreading infection within the connective tissues that is characterized by malaise, swelling, warmth, & red streaks chloasma (melasma or mask of pregnancy) a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face cicatrix a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound debridement the removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing dermatitis dermat; -itis an inflammation of the skin skin; inflammation diaphoresis dia-; phor; -esis profuse sweating; a normal condition brought on by heat or exertion through or complete; movement; abnorm condition dysplastic nevi atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer ecchymosis (bruise) ecchym; -osis a large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin pouring out of juice; abnormal condition eczema persistent or recurring dermatitis that is usually characterized by redness, itching, & dryness, with possible blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding erythema erythem; -a redness of the skin due to capillary dilation flushed; noun ending erythroderma erythr/o; -derma is abnormal redness of the entire skin surface red; skin exfoliative dermatitis a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss folliculitis follicul -itis an inflammation of the hair follicles hair follicul inflammation furuncles (boils) large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands granuloma granul; -oma a general term used to describe small, knot-like swellings of granulation tissue in the epidermis granular; tumor hematoma hemat; -oma usually caused by an injury, is a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues blood; tumor hirsutism hirsut the presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern hairy ichthyosis ichthy; -osis a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin dry or scaly; abnormal condition impetigo a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children; characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted & rupture keloid kel; -oid an abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the incision growth or tumor; resembling keratosis kerat; -osis any skin growth, such as a wart or a callus, in which there is overgrowth and thicking of the skin hard or horny; abnormal conditioning koilonychia (spoon nail) koil a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon; koil = hollow or concave lipedema (painful fat syndrome) lip; -edema a chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips & legs. fat; swelling lipoma lip; -oma a benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and the muscle layer fatty; tumor lupus erythematosus (lupus) a autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk; also attacks the connective tissue in other systems, esp. joints macule (macula) a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter freckle or flat moles are examples malignant melanoma (melanoma) melan; -oma a type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes black; tumor miliaria (also known as heat rash and prickly heat) an intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of the sweat glands by bacteria and dead cells caution: don't confuse with malaria necrotizing fasciitis necrotizing; fasciitis a severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria (known as flesh-eating bacteria) tissue death; inflammation of fascia onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) onych/o; crypt; -osis the edges of a toenail, usually on the big toe, curve inward and cut into the skin fingernail/toenail; hidden; abnormal condition onychomycosis onych/o; myc; -osis a fungal infection of the nail fingernail or toenail; fungus; abnormal condition papilloma papill; -oma a benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body, such as in the bladder. resembling a nipple; tumor papule a small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus small pimples and insect bites are types of papules paronychia par-; onych; -ia an acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail near; fingernail or toenail; condition pediculosis pedicul; -osis an infestation with lice lice; abnormal condition petechiae are very small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are less than 2 mm in diameter, sometimes result from high fevers pruritus (itching) prurit; -us is associated with most form of dermatitis itching; singular noun ending psoriasis a common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back or buttocks purpura purpur; -a the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin purple; a noun ending purulent producing or containing pus rhytidectomy (facelift) rhytid; -ectomy the surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face to eliminate wrinkles rosacea (adult acne) tiny red pimples and broken blood vessels; usually develops in people with fair skin, 30 - 60 yrs old scabies a skin infection caused by an infestation with the itch mite, which causes small, itchy bumps and blisters due to tiny mites that burrow into skin scleroderma scler/o; -derma an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing skin to become hard & swollen. hard; skin seborrhea an overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum squamous cell carcinoma originates as a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium, it can quickly spread to other body systems strawberry hemangioma hem; angi/o; -oma a soft, raised, dark-reddish-purple birthmark benign tumor made of newly formed blood vessels blood; blood or lymph vessels; tumor tinea (ringworm) a fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails urticaria (hives) urtic; -aria are itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction rash; connected with verrucae (warts) are small, hard skin lesions cause dby the human papilloma virus vitiligo a skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes; characterized by irregular patches of white skin wheal (welt) a small bump that itches can appear as a symptom of an allergic reaction xeroderma (xerosis xer/o; -derma excessively dry skin dry; skin