What Are Various Approaches Of Family Therapy And Intervention Flashcards

Systems-oriented clinicians are most interested in the process of what they are observing in the couple's interaction than in the content of the interaction, the what, how, and when things are occurring, not the why things are occurring Dyads and triads refer to relationship that becomes the center of therapeutic attention and the target of intervention strategies From a family systems perspective, the appearance of symptoms in a family member represents the manifestation of an identified patient, scapegoating The "identified patient" is the person in the family who has the presenting symptom, the person who seeks treatment or for whom treatment is sought Metarules are a family's unstated rules regarding how to interpret or, if necessary, to change its rules Most family rules are unspoken, covert A family's metarules refer to the boundaries? Homeostasis refers to a dynamic state of balance or equilibrium in a system, or a tendency in a system toward achieving and maintaining such a state in an effort to ensure a stable environment, maintain balance and resist change The elements of a system are delineated by its boundaries and whether or not they are permeable A schizoohrenogenic mother is one who is cold, domineering, tends to produce or develop a son with schizophrenia The double-bind concept was first introduced to account for the development of schizophrenia A double-bind situation calls for a superior and inferior person, three injunctions 1. don't do that or you will be punished (concrete)2. a gesture, frown, pull away stiffening3. parent demands a response but forbids the child to comment on the contradiction (escape is forbidden) Which of the following models of family interaction is based largely on the psychoanalytic model Object relations theory Object relations theory is a subject/subject dyad? Object relations evolved from the study of marital conflicts with Framo and splitting with Fairbairn, relationship between mother and child Object relations theorists believe the infant's need for what influences the development of the self? attachment to the mother Object relations family therapy emphasizes the basic human need for secure attachment and love, especially from the mother Common terms used by experiential family therapists include all but one of the following. Which term does not fit with the others? family sculpting, emotionally focused couple therapy, co-therapy, therapist's use of self, therapeutic goals and process Generally speaking, experiential therapists deal with the present rather than uncovering the past, replace preplanned therapeutic techniques with the spontaneity of the therapist, emphasize emotional experience and affectively engage families, therapist's use of self Emotional therapists are especially critical of emotion experience over rational thought and intellectualization, rigid role structures For symbolic-experiential therapists, the focus of therapy is address both individual and family relational patterns in the process of therapy, therapist helps the family dislodge rigid and repetitive ways of interacting by substituting more spontaneous and flexible ways of accepting and dealing with their impulses Transgenerational approaches are offer a psychoanalytically influenced, historically perspective to current family living problems by attending specifically to family relation patterns over decades The "undifferentiated family ego mass" refers to Murray Bowen's term for an intense, symbolic nuclear family relationship, an individual sense of self fails to develop in members because of the existing fusion or emotional "stuck-togetherness" In Bowen's Differentiation of Self Scale, people at the low end tend to live lives of guided by their emotions, thinking is submerged, emotionally fused to others The higher the degree of family fusion, the more likely to function poorly and become dysfunctional Bowen believed that, generally speaking, people choose mates with _______ levels of differentiation than themselves similar Emotional cut-off according to Bowen is a flight of extreme emotional distancing in order to break emotional ties A major technique utilized by Bowenian therapists involves a genogram Bowen's work with families tended to be more focused on the parents Which of the following statements would likely be made by a structural family therapist? they pay special attention to family transactional patterns because these offer clues to the family structure, boundaries, structural patterns, family subsystems, challenging a family's current patterns, spacial and organizational patterns Structural therapists emphasize transaction/interactional patterns, clearly defined boundaries, current structures, identified patient's symptoms are best understood as rooted in the context of family transaction patterns and the therapist has to work to change these structures in which the symptom is embedded A primary therapeutic goal for structuralists is action leads to insight and understanding which leads to new structural patterns, challenges a family's pattern of interaction and looks beyond the symptoms of the identified patient, therapist reframes the identified patient into a larger focus Which of the following is not a characteristic of a psychosomatic family? a child has a manifested physical ailment, enmeshment is common, subsystems function poorly, boundaries between family members are too diffuse to allow for individuals autonomy, over-protective One objective of structural interventions is for the psychosomatic family to achieve clear boundaries, learn to negotiate desired changes, and deal more directly with hidden, underlying conflict Some feminists are critical of Minuchin's emphasis on family hierarchies because they believe his views are outmoded, rigid, and sexist In disengaged families, boundaries are rigid In an enmeshed family boundaries are diffused Members of enmeshed families run the risk of over-emphasizing roles/subsystems are easily crossed, parents are too accessible that children don't learn independence and parents hover and invade privacy, adults and children exchange roles easily, separation from family is seen as betrayal, enmeshed families are over-involved and over-connectted Diffused boundaries are excessively blurred and indistinct and thus easily intruded upon by other family members Members of disengaged families run the risk of over-emphasizing independence, functioning separately and autonomously with little sense of family loyalty, members lack ability to request help or support from others Structural Family Therapy is a therapeutic approach in which the therapist develops a specific plan or strategy and designs interventions aimed at solving the presenting problem, the model recognizes the influence of social factors in family functioning and in working within the community's larger system Labeling an anoretic's refusal to eat as "stubborn" rather than "sick" is an example of reframing/relabeling One tactic employed by Minuchin in treating anoretics is to provoke a crisis, changing the faulty family organization that the child's anorexia is embedded in Structuralists believe the anoretic symptom is embedded in faulty family organization, dysfunctional rules Structuralists view anorexia nervosa as a response to the family's dysfunction, not the adolescent's defiant behavior Which of the following would not be considered a community theorist Gregory Bateson, Don Jackson, Jay Haley, John Weakland, and Paul Watzlawick Quarreling couples who feel justified in responding to what each perceives as an attack from the other are each imposing his or her own ________ on their interactions punctuation One of the following is not a concept used by the communication theorists. Which one? 1.All behavior is communication at some level2. Communication may occur simultaneously at many levels3. Every communication has a content (repost) and a relationship (command) aspect4. Relationships are defined by command messages5. Relationships may be described as symmetrical or complementary6. Symmetrical relationships run the risk of becoming competitive7. Complementary communication inevitably involves one person who assumes a superior position and another who assumes an inferior one8. Each person punctuates a sequence of events in which he or she is engaged in different ways9. Problems develop and are maintained within the context of redundant interactive patterns and recursive feedback loops Relationships are defined by _________ messages command The person who receives a double-bind message is inferior, has no escape, is unable to avoid the incongruity or to comment on the impossibility of meeting its requirements, resulting in confusion Therapeutic double-binds a variety of paradoxical techniques used to change entrenched family patterns, intended to force the client into a no-lose situation "Prescribing the symptom" is a form of a therapeutic double bind, strategists try to produce a runaway system by urging or even coaching the client to engage in or practice his or her symptoms, at least for the present time Relabeling is a form of therapeutic double bind, essentially changing the label attached to a person or problem from negative to positive Haley believes every relationship contains within it an implicit struggle for control of the definition of the relationship Strategic therapists tend to be strategic What are the seven levels of Gottman's Sound Relationship House Theory 1. establish love maps2. shared fondness and admiration3. turn towards4. develop the positive perspective5. managing conflict6. making life dreams come true7. creating shared meaning