Inorganic & Organic Compounds Flashcards

The body is made up of Atoms, ions, and molecules. life processes depend on the organization and interaction of Atoms,ions, and molecules an electrically charged atom or group of atoms Ion Because of their electrical charges, ions are very important in many life processes, including Energy tranformations, transmission ofnerve impluses, and muscle contraction. Is a molecule that consists of two or more different elements combined in a fixed proportion. Chemical compound Chemical compounds can be classified in two broad groups Inorganic and organic are relatively small, simple compounds such as water , salts, simple acids, and simple bases. Inorganic compounds,These substances are required for fluid balance and for many cell activities such as transporting materials through cell membranes. Are large, complex compounds containing carbon. Organic compounds,they are the chemical building blocks(structural componets) of the body also serve as fuel molecules that provide energy for body activities, also regulate and participate in thousands of chemical reactions necessary for life. Are sugars and starches Carbohydrates, they are used by the body as fuel molecules and to store energy Glucose is a simple sugar that is a main source of energy for The body The liver and musc les can link glucose molecules into long chains, producing Glycogen, a large molecule that can be stored. Four important groups of inorganic compounds are Carbohydrates,lipids,proteins,and nucleic acids. Among the biologically important groups of lipids are the Fats, compounds that store energy, and phospholipids, which are components of cell membranes. Steriods. Another important group of lipids , include several hormones, for ex female sex hormones. several hormones, for ex female sex hormones. Are large complex molecules composed of subnuits called amino acids. Proteins Some proteins serve as Enzymes, catalysts that regulate chemical reactions. The kinds and amounts of proteins in a cell determine to a large extent what a cell looks like and how it functions. Like proteins, are large, complex compounds. Nucleic acids two very important nucleic acids are DNA and RNA. DNA makes up the genes the hereditary material; it contains the isntructions for making all the proteins needed by the cell. RNA is important in the process of manufactoring proteins.