Flashcards Table on What Do You Know About Fungi Flashcards

Fungi are harmful in that they:

Cause Dutch elm disease and chestnut blight

Cause diaper rash and ringworm infection

d. Both A and B are correct

Within the fungi, classification is based on:

Reproductive structures

A plant disease called ergot is caused by:

Claviceps purpurea

Which of the following is not a phylum of the fungi?

Angiosperms

Gymnosperms

e. Both A and D are correct

Fungi are beneficial in that they:

Have helped biologists learn about genetics

Have helped in the making of cheese and bread

Have helped in the making of fuel

Have been used to make antibiotics

e. All of the above are correct

Ruminants such as cattle could not digest cellulose without the help of:

Chytridiomycetes and bacteria

Associations of fungi and plant roots are called:

Micorrhizae

In fungi when two individuals fuse a stage is formed that is:

Dikaryotic

Unique to fungi

d. Both A and B are correct

Histoplasma capsulatum:

Is a fungus

Likes to inhabit bird droppings

e. Both A and B are correct

In a fungus aggregated hyphae form a specialized spore producing organ called a:

Fruiting body

Mushroom

Puff ball

Truffle

e. All of the above are correct

The fungus Arthrobotrys anchonia, a carnivorous fungus, belongs to the:

Ascomycota

Zygospores:

Are produced by fungi from the merger of two haploid cells

Have a distinctive spiny dark wall

d. Both A and C are correct

Ascomycetes aid in the production of:

Penicillin

Cyclosporine

Bread and cheese

Beer and wine

e. All of the above are correct

Fungi that produce a thick-walled diploid cell called a zygospore formed from the union of two cells are:

Zygomycetes

Fungi that do not have a known sexual phase are:

Deuteromycetes

The fungi that produce sexual and asexual spores that have flagella are:

Chytridiomycetes

Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are:

Gills

The fungi that are referred to as "primitive fungi" are:

Chytridiomycetes

Fungi that can live only in association with roots of plants may be placed into a phylum named:

Glomeromycota

Yeasts are:

Single-celled heterotrophs

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly referred to as:

The bread yeast

Which of the following is not an example of a basidiomycete?

Truffle

Which of the following is a correct statement?

Fungi are heterotrophs, but plants are essentially autotrophs

Fungi and animals are similar in that they both:

Carry out photosynthesis

Have cell walls made of chitin

Use starch as their main storage carbohydrate

e. None of the above are correct

Coccidioides immitis causes a potentially fatal disease called:

Valley fever

A dual organism that forms when a fungus harbors green algae is a:

Lichen

Scientists that specialize in the study of fungi are:

Mycologists

In the ecosystems of the world fungi act primarily as:

Decomposers

Single-celled yeasts commonly reproduce by

Budding

Mushrooms like the "death angel" produce a poison that if ingested may

Prevent RNA production in cells

Prevent enzyme production in cells

Cause liver failure

Cause kidney failure

e. All of the above are correct

If an animal is an invertebrate, this means that the animal:

Does not have a backbone

An animal that uses one opening to take in food and eject waste most likely has a(an):

Incomplete digestive tract

Gastrovascular cavity

e. Both B and C are correct

Spiders and scorpions belong to the phylum:

Arthropoda

Sponges belong to the phylum:

Cnidarian

Platyhelminthes

Mollusca

Annelida

e. None of the above are correct

If an animal is a vertebrate, this means that the animal:

Has a backbone

The groups of flatworms are

Flukes

Free living

Tapeworms

Nonsegmented

e. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an arthropod?

They have a coelom

They have bilateral symmetry

They have a complete digestive tract

They exhibit body segmentation

e. None of the above are correct

The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the digestive tract and organs derived from the digestive tract is the:

Endoderm

The first animal to have its genome sequenced was:

A nematode

Caenorhabditis elegans

e. Both B and C are correct

Which of the following does not have a true coelom?

Roundworm

An example of an annelid is:

A leech

An earthworms

A polychaete

A segmented worm

e. All of the above are correct

A mollusk that has arms connecting directly to the head of the animal is a:

a. Gastropod

Cephalopod

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an annelid?

They have an incomplete digestive tract

Cnidarians are:

Aquatic animals

Corals and jellyfish belong to the phylum:

Cnidaria

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a cnidarian?

They have a coelom

A fluid-filled body cavity that forms completely within the mesoderm of animals is a:

Coelom

Flukes and tapeworms belong to the phylum:

Platyhelminthes

Snails and squids belong to the phylum:

Mollusca

Which of the following characteristics do all animals share?

They are multicelled

They are eukaryotic

d. Both A and B are correct

The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the muscles and reproductive system is the:

Mesoderm

The causative agent of a disease called elephantiasis is:

Wuchereria bancrfti

In animals, a sphere of embryonic cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity that has folded in on itself and contains primary germ layers is called a:

Gastrula

In animals, a sphere of embryonic cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity is called a:

Blastula

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nematode?

They have a coelom

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the echinoderms?

They do exhibit cephalization

Animals that are segmented:

Are millipedes

Are centipedes

Have repeated body parts

Are earthworms

e. All of the above are correct

The first animals arose about:

570 million years ago

The type of body symmetry in which only one plane divides the body into mirror images is:

Bilateral symmetry

If an organism like Symbian pandora is immobile during a stage of its life cycle, during this time it is referred to as being:

Sessile

The chordates are a group containing about:

55,000 species

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a Tunicate?

They are endothermic

Mammals that lay eggs are:

Monotremes

Fishes are:

Aquatic animals

Vertebrates

Animals that have gills

Animals that have fins

e. All of the above are correct

Animals that have a backbone are referred to as

Vertebrates

Which of the following is a reason why it is not a good idea to own wild-caught animals as pets?

They may carry diseases

They may represent physical danger to their owners

If they are released or escape, they may threaten native species

Owning these animals may reduce their ability to repopulate their species in the wild

e. All of the above are correct

Mammals that nurse their young in pouches are:

Marsupials

Kangaroos

d. Both A and C are correct

Which of the following is not an example of an amphibian?

Turtle

Mammals arose:

During the Triassic period

An animal whose body temperature tends to fluctuate with the external environment is a(an):

Ectotherm

Which of the following is not a crocodilian?

Tuatara

Reptiles evolved from amphibians during the:

Carboniferous period

Which of the following are characteristics of reptiles?

They are ectotherms with lungs

They have amnions and limbs

d. Both A and B are correct

Bony fishes make up ________________ of existing fish species.

96%

Lampreys:

Are jawless fishes

Are probably responsible for the decline of lake trout in the Great Lakes

d. Both A and B are correct

Which of the following is not a ray-finned fish?

Lungfish

The primary function of external gills in aquatic animals is to:

Exchange gases with the atmosphere

The only surviving member of the lobe-finned fishes is the:

Coelacanth

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an amphibian?

They have a cartilaginous skeleton

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the phylum Chordata?

They have true tissues

They have bilateral symmetry

They have a gastrula with three germ layers

They have a true coelom

e. None of the above are correct

A bony or cartilaginous structure that surrounds and protects the brain of chordates is a(an):

Cranium

Birds that are flightless are classified as:

Ratites

Which of the following is not a vertebrate?

Hagfishes

Which of the following is a characteristic of the phylum Chordata?

They have a notochord

Birds that have a breastbone designed for flight are classified as:

Carinates

Which of the following is not a characteristic of mammals?

They have a two-chambered heart

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a lancelet?

a. They do not have lungs

b. They are ectothermic

c. They are aquatic animals

d. They are invertebrates

e. None of the above are correct

Animals that lack a backbone are referred to as:

Invertebrates

The function of vertebrae is to:

Protect the nerve chord

Provide attachment points for muscles

d. Both A and B are correct

Which of the following is not an ecosystem that meets to help create great diversity in the vertebrate life at Tan Dao in Vietnam?

The Siberian peninsula

Many chemical compounds that plants produce that we can use for a variety of purposes are:

Terpenes

Alkaloids

Phenolics

Secondary metabolites

e. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is not an edible vegetative part of a plant?

Cucumber

The root cap:

Protects the meristem from abrasion

Is located at the tip of the root

Secretes a lubricant for the growing root

Plays a role in sensing gravity

e. All of the above are correct

A plant that has very little or no woody tissue is a:

Herbaceous plant

Dandelion

d. Both A and B are correct

The main vegetative parts of plants include:

Roots, stems and leaves

The type of plant cell that provides support without interfering with growth and is familiar as the "strings in celery" is a:

Collenchyma cell

Common softwood trees:

Are Pine

Are Spruce

Are Fir

Produce wood that consists primarily of tracheids

e. All of the above are correct

Stems that grow along the soil surface asexually forming new plants at their nodes are:

Stolons

The primary organ of photosynthesis in a plant is the:

Leaf

Which of the following is not an example of an edible root?

Potato

The main phloem conducting cells are

Sieve tube elements

The ________________ transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots of the plant to the shoots of the plant.

Xylem

A waxy layer secreted by the epidermal cells of a plant is the:

Cuticle

The tissue that regrows a leaf from its base is the

Intercalary meristem

The patch of actively dividing cells that is found near the tip of roots and shoots of plants is the:

Apical meristem

If a gardener wanted to help prevent erosion along a slope it would be best to:

a. Plant plants with taproots

b. Plant grasses

c. Plant plants with fibrous roots

d. Both A and B are correct

e. Both B and C are correct

Which of the following is not a function of a stem of a plant?

Production of pollen

The type of plant cell that divides to produce the adventitious roots in a houseplant cutting is a:

Parenchyma cell

The type of plant cell that provides rigid support and is dead at maturity is a:

. Sclerenchyma cell

Which of the following is not a function of the root of a plant?

Produce energy that the plant can use to carry out metabolism

Swollen regions of underground stems that store starch are

Tubers

The pores through which leaves exchange gases with the atmosphere are:

Stomata

Compound leaves are defined as being divided into:

Leaflets

Internodes of plants are:

Located on the stems

The cells that surround each stoma and control its opening and closing are:

Guard cells

The protective layer of dermal tissue that covers a woody stem or root is the:

Periderm

If a plant exhibits determinate growth the plant:

Stops growing when the plant reaches its mature size

The shoot of a plant is:

The above ground part of a plant

The below ground part of a plant

The stem and leaves of the plant

d. Both A and C are correct

Stems that coil around surrounding objects for support are:

Tendrils

Aromatic herbs in the mint family include:

Peppermint and spearmint

Sage and basil

Lavender and rosemary

d. All of the above are correct