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Human Development Index (HDI) |
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Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy |
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gross domestic product (GDP) |
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value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country, normally during a year |
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primary sector |
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the portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishery, and forestry |
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secondary sector |
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the portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials |
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tertiary sector |
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the portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communication, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment |
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productivity |
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the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it |
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value added |
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the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy |
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literacy rate |
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percentage of a country's people who can read and write |
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Gender-Related Development Index (GDI) |
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compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes |
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Gender Empowerment Measure (GDM) |
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compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision making |
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structural adjustment program |
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economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade, such as raising taxes, reducing government spending, controlling inflation, selling publicly owned utilities to private corporations, and charging citizens more for services |
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fair trade |
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alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety standards |
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