Psychology Final Exam

Motivation is best understood as a state that... Energizes and directs behavior One shortcoming of the instinct theory of motivation it... Does not explain human behavior, it simply names them. Few Human behaviors are rigidly patterned enough to qualify as... Instincts One Problem with the idea of motivation as drive reduction is that... Because some motivated behaviors do not seem to be based on physiological needs, they cannot be explained in terms of drive reduction. Instinct theory and drive-reduciton theorybother emphasizes ____ Factors in Motivation. biological Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis? Feeling hungry at the sight of an appetizing food. Which of the following is a difference between a drive and a need? Needs are physiological states, Drives are psychological states. Homeostatic refers to The tendency to maintain a steady internal state. Which of the following is inconsistent with the drive reduction theory of motivation. Monkey will work puzzles even if not given a food reward. Mary loves hang gliding. It would be difficult to explain to Mary's behavior according to. Drive Reduction Theory For two weeks, Orlando has been on a hunger strike. Orlando's willingness to starve conflicts with the throey of motivation by. Maslow Beginning with the basic needs, which of the following represents the correct sequence of needs in the hierarchy by Maslow. Physiological, Safety, Belongingness and love, self fulfillment According to Maslow's theory All the above In his study of men on a semi diet, Keys found that Subjects become obsessed with food. Increase in insulin will Lower blood sugar and trigger hunger. Emotions are All the Above Two years ago, Maria was in an automobile crash in which her spinal cord was severed... James- Lange theory You are on your way to school to take a big exam... James- Lange Theory Which theory of emotion implies that every emotion is associated with a unique physiological theory James- Lange Theory Which emotion emphasizes the simultaneous experience of body response. Cannon- Bard theory The Cannon Bard theory of emotion states that The conscious experience of an emotion occurs at the same time as the body's physical reaction. Which of the following was not raised as a critism of the James Lange theory of emotion People with a spinal cord injury at the neck typically experience less emotion. Schachter's two factor theory emphasizes that emotion involves both. Physical arousal and cognitive label. After hitting a grand slam, mike noticed that his heart was pounding. Later after having a collision while driving... two Factor theory Who will probably be angrier after learning that his car has recievd a parking ticket. Dan who just finished a tennis Match. In the schacter-singer experiment which subjects reported feeling and emotional change in the presence of experimenter's highly emotional confederate? Those receiving epinephrine but not expecting to feel physical arousal Which of the following was not presented in the text as evidence that some emotional reactions involve no deliberate rational thinking? Arousal of the sympathetic nervous system will rigger an emotion reaction ever when artificially induced by and injection of epinephrine. Several studies have shown that physical arousal can intensify just about any emotion... Cognitive labels of arousal in the conscious experience of emotions Evidence that changes in facial expressions can directly affect people's feelings and body states conviced Robert Zajonc that.. Cognition is not necessary for emotion Margret is a finalist... The two dimensions of her current emotion would be a ___ and ___. Positive Valence, High Arousal The field of health psychology is concerned with All the above Dr. Williams Who conducts smoking cession clinics, explains to his clients... Behavioral according to the text, one-half of all deaths from the 10 leading causes of death in the US can be attributed to. Behavior Behavioral and medical knowledge anout factors influencing health for the basis of what field: Behavioral Medicine Stress is defined as: the Process by which we percieve and respond to challenging or threatening events. Connie complains that she has too much stress in her life. the psychologist says the level of stress people experience depends on. How they appraise the events of life The stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the ___ Gland in response to stimulation by the __ Branch of the nervous system. Adrenal: Sympathetic In order, the sequence of stages in the general adaptation syndrome is: Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion During which stage of general adaptation is a person especially vulnerable to disease. The exhaustion stage "Tend and Befriend." refers to: An alternative to fight or flight response that may be more common in women. Bob does not start to study until just before midterms. He works through the night, which makes him sick, because he is in___ phase of ___. Exhaustion: General adaptation Research studies demonstrate that after catastrophe, rates of ___ often increase. All the above Karen and Kyumi are taking the same course with different instructors... Kyumi You have just transferred to a new campus and find yourself in a potential enviroment. according to the test, what would help you cope? All the above In one experiment, both executive rats and subordinate rates recieved identical electric shocks, the only dif. being whether the shocks could be. Controlled Which of the following was not mentioned in the text as a critism for Freud's theory? There is no evidence of anything like an "unconscious" The text defines personality as: An indivdual's characteristics patter of thinking, feeling and acting. Which of the following places the greatest emphasis on the unconscious mind? The psychoanalytic perspective A major difference between the psychoanalytic and trait perspectives is that: All the above According to Freud's theory, personality arises in response to conflicts between: Our biological impulses and social restraints against them. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, a child who frequently "slips" and call her teacher "mom" probably: Has some unresolved conflicts conerning her mother ID is to Ego as ___ is to ____ Pleasure principle, Reality Principle According to Freud, ____ is the process by which children incorporate their parents values into their ___ Identification : Superego Psychoanalytic would characterize a person who is impulsive and self indulgent as possessing a strong__ and a Weak___ ID. Superego Which of the following is the correct order of psychosexual stages proposed by Freud: Oral; anal; phallic; latency; genital Jill has a biting sarcastic manner. According to Freud she is fixated on The oral stage of development The Oedipus and Electra complexes have their roots in the Phallic Stage Suzy bought... the car's attractiveness, good acceleration, and stereo. According to Freud she is using a defense mechanism of. Rationalism according to Freud, defense mechanisms are methods of reducing Anxiety The personality test Teresa is taking involves her describing random patterns of dots. what type of test is she taking? A projective test Which of the following is true concerning abnormal behavior? Definitions of abnormal behavior are culture- dependent The criteria for classifying behavior as psychologically disordered are characterized by both A and B Behavior is classified as disodered when it is all the Above Our early ancestors commonly attributed disordered behavior to Evil Spirits French reformer who insisted that madness was not demon possession and who called humane treatment of patients was Pinel Which of the following is true of the medical model? It views psychological disorders as a sickness that are diagnosed and treatable Most mental health workers today view that disordered behavior: Arise that interaction of nature and nurture schizophrenia are universal and influenced by heredity, where as other disorders such as anorexia are culture bound provides evidence for the ___ Bio psycho social Evidence of envoromental effects on psychological such as___ universal, whereas other, such as ___ are culture bound Depression, Anorexia Nervosa Many psychological dislike DMA- IV because of its Medical Model Bias The Diagnostic reliability of DSM-IV Relatively high Which of the following statements concerning the labeling of disordered behaviors is not true? Labels interfere with effective treatment of psychological disorders The term insanity refers to Legal definitions Phobias and OCD behaviors are classified as Anxiety disorders Sharon os continually tense, jittery, and apprehensive for no specific reason. she would probably be diagnose with. Generalized anxiety disorder As electri psychotherapist is one who uses a variety of techniques, depending on the client and the problem The technique in which a person is asked to report everything that comes through the mind is called__ favored by __ therapist Free Association: Psychanalytic During a session with his psychoanalytic, jamal hesitates while describing a highly embarrassing though. This is an example of? Resistance Jane has developed strong hate feelings for her therapist. The analytic interprets Jane's behavior in terms of a __ of feeling towards her father Transference Of the following therapist, who would be most likely to interpret a person's psychological problems of repressed impulses. Psychoanalysts Which type of psychotherapy would be most likely to use the interactions of dreams as a technique for bringing unconscious feelings into awareness Both A and B Which of the following is not common criticisms of psychoanalyst It gives therapists too much control over the patient Unlike traditional psychoanalutic therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy Focuses on current relationships Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature Humanistic therapy Given Jim's therapists attempts to help him by ordering geniuses, acceptance, and empathy she probably practicing Client Centered therapy Carl Rogers was a ___ Therapist who was the creator of ____ Humanist; Client centered therapy The technique in which a therapist echos and restates what a person says in a non directive manner is called Active listening Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviors rather than on discovering the underlying causes Behavior therapy The techniques of counter conditioning are based on principle of Classical conditioning