Course Objectives
The objective of the FGEC™ – Fellowship in Gastroenterology Coding is to develop advanced expertise in Gastroenterology Medical Coding, endoscopic procedural documentation analysis, and specialty reimbursement compliance within GI practices and ambulatory surgical centers.
By the end of this fellowship, participants will be able to:
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Interpret and apply CPT® Digestive System codes (40490–49999) accurately
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Assign correct ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes supporting medical necessity
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Differentiate between Screening and Diagnostic Colonoscopy billing rules
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Code complex procedures including Colonoscopy, EGD, ERCP, Polypectomy, and Stent Placement
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Apply appropriate CPT® Modifiers (26, 52, 53, 59, 51, 33) in GI scenarios
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Understand and implement Global Surgical Package rules in endoscopic services
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Ensure compliance with NCCI Edits and bundling regulations
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Interpret endoscopy and operative reports for precise code selection
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Prevent overcoding, downcoding, and improper unbundling risks
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Validate documentation for medical necessity and preventive service compliance
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Analyze reimbursement impact within high-volume GI procedural settings
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Strengthen audit readiness and compliance integrity in gastroenterology claims
This fellowship is designed to elevate professionals into Gastroenterology Coding Specialists with strong procedural, diagnostic, and compliance proficiency.
Table of Contents
Colonoscopy Coding
What is a Colonoscopy?
It is an examination of the entire colon, from the rectum to the cecum, and may include examination of the terminal ileum or small intestine proximal to an anastomosis.
Place importance on scope length and type.
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Anus (up to 5 cm of insertion),
Assign anoscopy code: 46600 to 46615
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Anal canal, rectum and the sigmoid colon (6-25 cm),
Assign proctosigmoidoscopy code: 45300 to 45327
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Entire rectum, sigmoid colon, and/or performs an exam of a portion of the descending colon up to the splenic flexure (26-60 cm),
Assign sigmoidoscopy code: 45330 to 45350
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Sigmoidoscopy
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Proctosigmoidoscopy involves examination of the rectum and may also include evaluation of a portion of the sigmoid colon.
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Sigmoidoscopy involves examination of the entire rectum and sigmoid colon and may extend into a portion of the descending colon.
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Colonoscopy involves examination of the entire colon, beginning at the rectum and extending to the cecum. It may also include inspection of the terminal ileum or a segment of the small intestine proximal to an anastomosis.
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Colonoscopy through a stoma involves examination of the colon starting at a colostomy stoma and extending to the cecum or to a colon to small intestine anastomosis. This procedure may also include evaluation of the terminal ileum or proximal small intestine.
RAC Audit Hotspots in Gastroenterology Coding
Recovery Audit Contractors (RACs)
Recovery Audit Contractors, commonly known as RACs, play a critical role in safeguarding the financial integrity of the Medicare Fee for Service FFS program. The primary mission of the Medicare Recovery Audit Program is to identify, correct, and prevent improper Medicare payments across all 50 states.
RACs focus on the efficient detection and recovery of overpayments made for healthcare services provided to Medicare beneficiaries. At the same time, they also identify underpayments to ensure providers are reimbursed accurately. The ultimate goal of the program is not only payment recovery, but also systemic improvement, enabling CMS and Medicare Administrative Contractors to implement corrective actions that reduce future improper payments.
What Does a Recovery Audit Contractor Do
Recovery Audit Contractors review Medicare claims on a post payment basis. Their responsibility is to analyze previously paid claims and determine whether payments were made correctly according to Medicare coverage policies, coding guidelines, documentation requirements, and billing regulations.
When improper payments are identified, RACs initiate the recovery of overpayments and report findings to CMS. These findings help CMS, Carriers, Fiscal Intermediaries, and Medicare Administrative Contractors improve payment accuracy, strengthen compliance controls, and reduce recurring errors in billing and documentation.
Esophagoscopy, Upper GI Endoscopy, and Enteroscopy
Esophagoscopy, Upper GI Endoscopy, and Enteroscopy
• Esophagoscopy – limited to study of the esophagus.
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) - including study of the esophagus, stomach, and either the duodenum and/or jejunum
• Enteroscopy- complete study of the upper GI tract, past the second portion of the duodenum and/or including the ileum
Lower GI Endoscopy
• Ileoscopy- scope is inserted through ileostomy (stoma on abdominal wall)
• Pouchoscopy- scope can be inserted via anus or abdominal pouch directly into small intestine
• Anoscopy- anoscope inserted and anus is visualized
• Sigmoidoscopy- flexible sigmoidoscope inserted and anus, rectum and sigmoid colon are visualized
• Colonoscopy- colonoscope is inserted and entire colon and terminal ileum is visualized
• Colonoscopy thru stoma- scope is inserted through colostomy (stoma on abdominal wall)