An Intermediate Level Geology Exam Practice Test Part- II
- 1.
An example of a “mature” sedimentary rock is a:
- A.
Conglomerate
- B.
Gypsum
- C.
A limestone
- D.
Quartz-rich sandstone
- E.
Feldspar-rich breccia
Correct Answer
D. Quartz-rich sandstone -
- 2.
An unconformity:
- A.
Is an ancient surface of erosion
- B.
Represents a major time gap
- C.
Is produced by meteorite impact
- D.
Is both A and B
- E.
Is both B and C
Correct Answer
D. Is both A and B -
- 3.
Place the following time periods in their proper order (oldest to youngest): 1). Jurassic, 2). Cambrian, 3). Permian, 4). Cretaceous
- A.
4,2,3,1
- B.
1,3,4,1
- C.
2,3,4,1
- D.
2,3,1,4
Correct Answer
D. 2,3,1,4 -
- 4.
A transgression is caused by:
- A.
A relative fall in sea level
- B.
An interfingering of depositional facies
- C.
A stillstand in sea level
- D.
A relative rise in sea level
Correct Answer
D. A relative rise in sea level -
- 5.
Evidence for Evolution includes:
- A.
The branching organization of life
- B.
Homologous bone structures
- C.
Species endemism
- D.
Ecological convergence
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 6.
What type of rock characterized the deepest parts of the Taconic foreland basin?
- A.
Shale
- B.
Limestone
- C.
Sandstone
- D.
Basalt
- E.
Halite
Correct Answer
A. Shale -
- 7.
Epeiric seas
- A.
Are the deepest parts of the oceans
- B.
Are shallow seas that cover the continents
- C.
Are rich in limestone deposits
- D.
Are observed underneath the Antarctic ice sheet
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Are shallow seas that cover the continents -
- 8.
The Ediacaran fauna represent
- A.
The first shelly animals
- B.
The first land plants
- C.
The first animals
- D.
The precursors to the dinosaurs
- E.
Primitive Prokaryotes
Correct Answer
C. The first animals -
- 9.
The Eocene ancestor of the modern horse:
- A.
Was the size of the modern horse and ate brush
- B.
Was the size of a small dog and ate brush
- C.
Had a single toe and grazed on grass
- D.
Had four toes and grazed on grass
Correct Answer
D. Had four toes and grazed on grass -
- 10.
What problems must be overcome to colonize land?
- A.
Desiccation
- B.
Marked temperature changes
- C.
Predators
- D.
UV radiation
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the above -
- 11.
1) Which of the following is an example of ecological convergence?
- A.
A) humans descending from early primates
- B.
B) vertebrates moving onto land in the Paleozoic
- C.
C) canine-bearing marsupials in Australia and wolves in North America
- D.
D) the Cambrian explosion
Correct Answer
C. C) canine-bearing marsupials in Australia and wolves in North America -
- 12.
6) Why is Syracuse called the “Salt City”?
- A.
A) Excessive amount of salt on roads in winter
- B.
B) Abundant salt-water spray from the Atlantic Ocean
- C.
C) Past salt extraction
- D.
D) Presence of salt in the subsurface
- E.
E) Options a and b
Correct Answer
C. C) Past salt extraction -
- 13.
7) Which of the following is not a possible cause of the Cambrian explosion?
- A.
A) rise in sea level
- B.
B) rise in atmospheric oxygen
- C.
C) ecological changes
- D.
D) a major meteorite impact
- E.
E) change in seawater chemistry
Correct Answer
D. D) a major meteorite impact -
- 14.
- A.
A) indicate the age of the individual
- B.
B) are a growth structure
- C.
C) separate septa
- D.
D) options a and b
- E.
E) options b and c
Correct Answer
E. E) options b and c -
- 15.
The demise of the stromatolites was caused by
- A.
A) Meteorite impact
- B.
B) Snowball Earth glaciations
- C.
C) Regression
- D.
D) Transgression
- E.
E) Predators
Correct Answer
E. E) Predators -
- 16.
1) The sedimentary rocks under the city of Syracuse were deposited
- A.
A) in a broad shallow sea
- B.
B) in a deep sea trench
- C.
C) represent a graptolite facies
- D.
D) on the side of a volcano
- E.
E) none of the above
Correct Answer
A. A) in a broad shallow sea -
- 17.
11) The principal constituent of most modern shell material is
- A.
A) apatite
- B.
B) calcium carbonate
- C.
C) silicate
- D.
D) native iron
Correct Answer
B. B) calcium carbonate -
- 18.
12) The Cambrian Period was characterized by
- A.
A) appearance of organisms with shells, spines, and hard skeletons
- B.
B) active rifting within most continents
- C.
C) low sea level
- D.
D) spread of lush vegetation on land
Correct Answer
A. A) appearance of organisms with shells, spines, and hard skeletons -
- 19.
14) Well-sorted, quartz-dominated sandstone is most likely to form from sediments deposited
- A.
A) at the bottom of a deep lake
- B.
B) on a coral reef
- C.
C) on a beach
- D.
D) in the deepest parts of the oceans
- E.
E) beneath a glacier
Correct Answer
C. C) on a beach -
- 20.
15) What supports the hypothesis that life originated at hydrothermal vents?
- A.
A) more oxygen is available at hydrothermal vents
- B.
B) deep water would protect early life from ultraviolet radiation
- C.
C) cold water found at hydrothermal vents would encourage development of bacteria
- D.
D) lightning would provide an energy source at hydrothermal vents
Correct Answer
B. B) deep water would protect early life from ultraviolet radiation -
- 21.
16) The driving mechanism for plate tectonics is
- A.
A) Ridge-push and slab-pull forces
- B.
B) Subduction zones
- C.
C) Convection in the mantle
- D.
D) Options a and b
- E.
E) Options a and c
Correct Answer
E. E) Options a and c -
- 22.
17) Foreland basins are formed at
- A.
A) convergent plate boundaries
- B.
B) divergent plate boundaries
- C.
C) strike-slip plate boundaries
- D.
D) none of the above
Correct Answer
A. A) convergent plate boundaries -
- 23.
18) Near the end of the Ordovician, the Earth’s climate was warm
- A.
A) true
- B.
B) false
Correct Answer
B. B) false -
- 24.
19) During Cambrian times North America was positioned
- A.
A) under the north pole
- B.
B) under the south pole
- C.
C) at tropical latitudes
- D.
D) about where it is now
Correct Answer
C. C) at tropical latitudes -
- 25.
20) In the early Cambrian the primitive North American craton was the site of widespread transgression
- A.
A) True
- B.
B) False
Correct Answer
A. A) True -
- 26.
21) The Snowball Earth crisis
- A.
A) occurred at the peak of the last glaciation
- B.
B) occurred at the end of meteorite bombardment
- C.
C) occurred in the Proterozoic
- D.
D) occurred in the Cambrian
Correct Answer
C. C) occurred in the Proterozoic -
- 27.
22) An example of a mineralogically “mature” sedimentary rock is a
- A.
A) conglomerate
- B.
B) granite
- C.
C) quartz-rich sandstone
- D.
D) feldspar-rich breccia
Correct Answer
C. C) quartz-rich sandstone -
- 28.
23) The age of the Proterozoic-Cambrian Boundary is
- A.
A) 3.8 billion years
- B.
B) 2.5 billion years
- C.
C) 1.5 billion years
- D.
D) 540 million years
- E.
E) 270 million years
Correct Answer
D. D) 540 million years -
- 29.
24) Rodinia refers to
- A.
A) a late Proterozoic supercontinent
- B.
B) a type of radioactive decay
- C.
C) a moon of Jupiter
- D.
D) an early Cambrian organism
Correct Answer
A. A) a late Proterozoic supercontinent -
- 30.
25) An oolite is
- A.
A) An organelle of eukaryotic cells
- B.
B) a type ofsediment on the Martian surface
- C.
C) a carbonate deposit
- D.
D) a gas-generated lava texture
Correct Answer
C. C) a carbonate deposit -
- 31.
26) Place the following time periods in their proper order (oldest to youngest): 1) Archean 2) Cambrian 3) Proterozoic 4) Silurian
- A.
A) 4,2,3,1
- B.
B) 1,3,2,4
- C.
C) 2,3,4,1
- D.
D) 2,3,1,4
Correct Answer
B. B) 1,3,2,4 -
- 32.
27) The Snowball Earth glaciation may have been induced by
- A.
A) A decrease in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
- B.
B) An increasing distance from the sun
- C.
C) A marked decrease in the albedo
- D.
D) evolution of the Ediacaran fauna
- E.
E) none of the above
Correct Answer
C. C) A marked decrease in the albedo -
- 33.
Precambrian rocks are most common
- A.
A) on oceanic islands
- B.
B) on continental margins
- C.
C) at mid-ocean ridges
- D.
D) near subduction zones
- E.
E) in the centers of continents
Correct Answer
E. E) in the centers of continents -
- 34.
In the Cambrian, the continents
- A.
A) did not exist
- B.
B) were covered by lush tropical forests
- C.
C) were barren of vegetation
- D.
D) hosted a rich variety of land animals
- E.
E) none of the above
Correct Answer
C. C) were barren of vegetation -
- 35.
Modern Plate Tectonics began about
- A.
A) 4.5 billion years ago
- B.
B) 2-2.5 billion years ago
- C.
C) 545 million years ago
- D.
D) 65 million years ago
- E.
E) 2 million years ago
Correct Answer
B. B) 2-2.5 billion years ago -
- 36.
- A.
A) Trilobites
- B.
B) Armoured fishes
- C.
C) Clams
- D.
D) Squids
- E.
E) Corals
Correct Answer
A. A) Trilobites -
- 37.
Graptolites were
- A.
A) Colonial
- B.
B) Planktonic
- C.
C) Sessile
- D.
D) Options a and b
- E.
E) Options a and c
Correct Answer
D. D) Options a and b -
- 38.
The time gap (hiatus) between the Sauk and the Tippecanoe unconformity-bounded units is larger at the margins of the North American craton
- A.
A) True
- B.
B) False
Correct Answer
B. B) False -
- 39.
1) The basal deposits of the Tippecanoe Sequence consist of
- A.
A) Limestones
- B.
B) Oolitic carbonate rocks
- C.
C) Shales
- D.
D) Transgressive conglomerates
- E.
E) Sandstones
Correct Answer
E. E) Sandstones -
- 40.
1) Fish became widespread in the
- A.
A) Cambrian
- B.
B) Ordovician
- C.
C) Silurian
- D.
D) Devonian
Correct Answer
D. D) Devonian -
- 41.
1) Land plants became widespread in the
- A.
A) Cambrian
- B.
B) Ordovician
- C.
C) Silurian
- D.
D) Devonian
Correct Answer
D. D) Devonian -
- 42.
1) The Taconic clastic wedge thinned toward
- A.
A) The craton
- B.
B) The orogen
Correct Answer
A. A) The craton -
- 43.
1) Crinoids were planktonic (floating organisms)
- A.
A) True
- B.
B) False
Correct Answer
B. B) False -
- 44.
1) The fundamental difference among prokaryote and eukaryote cells was
- A.
A) Size
- B.
B) The presence of chromosomes
- C.
C) The capacity for photosynthesis
- D.
D) The nuclear structure
- E.
E) All of the above
Correct Answer
D. D) The nuclear structure -
- 45.
1) The end of the severe meteorite bombardment of the earth is dated at approximately
- A.
A) 4.5 M.Y.
- B.
B) 1.0 M.Y.
- C.
C) 4004 B.C.
- D.
D) 4.5 M.Y.
- E.
E) 3.8 B.Y.
Correct Answer
E. E) 3.8 B.Y. -
- 46.
2) In their early stages of development, human embryos bear strong resemblance to
- A.
A) cat embryos
- B.
B) dolphin embryos
- C.
C) dog embryos
- D.
D) all of the above
- E.
E) none of the above
Correct Answer
D. D) all of the above -
- 47.
3) An unconformity
- A.
A) is an ancient surface of erosion
- B.
B) represents a major time gap
- C.
C) is produced by meteorite impacts
- D.
D) is both a and b
- E.
E) is both a and c
Correct Answer
D. D) is both a and b -
- 48.
4) Based on what you know about Earth, the fact that the average density of the moon is significantly less than Earth’s suggests that the moon is missing the
- A.
A) crust
- B.
B) mantle
- C.
C) core
- D.
D) atmosphere
Correct Answer
C. C) core -
- 49.
5) Small isolated populations of individuals of a species
- A.
A) are genetically stable
- B.
B) are prone to rapid evolutionary change
- C.
C) only survive if they assimilate with the main population
- D.
D) all of the above
- E.
E) none of the above
Correct Answer
B. B) are prone to rapid evolutionary change -
- 50.
6) During the formation of the Solar System, the lighter elements that did not end up in the Sun were
- A.
A) concentrated in the Jovian (outer) planets
- B.
B) concentrated in the Comets
- C.
C) concentrated in the Terrestrial (inner) planets
- D.
D) blown out of the Solar System
Correct Answer
A. A) concentrated in the Jovian (outer) planets -
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