Cj

"Chop Shops" are used by offenders to sell waht they obtain through what crime?

• A.

  Identity theft

• B.

  Motor vehicle theft

1. During the Progressive Era (from about 1890 to 1920), ____ became the primary disciplinary home of criminology. 

• A.

  Sociology

• B.

  Psychology

• C.

  Criminology

1. A _____ is a set of logically interconnected propositions explaining how phenomena are related.

• A.

  Theory

• B.

  Conclusion

• C.

  Decision

_____ is an interdisciplinary science that gathers and analyzes data on crime and criminal behavior.

• A.

  Criminology

• B.

  Psychology

• C.

  Sociology

____ May apply not only to behavior but also thoughts.

• A.

  Morality

• B.

  Psychology

• C.

  Cognition

• D.

  Religion

1. According to self-report date, most people (including most people in this class) have ….

• A.

  Committed a crime and gotten away with it

• B.

  Murdered someone

• C.

  Are perfect angels

A good source of information on both aggravated assaults and illicit drug sales is

• A.

  Self survey reports

• B.

  Police reports

• C.

  Uniform Crime Reports

1. Based on the studies of the accuracy of self-report data using polygraphy, third party reports, and comparison with official arrest statistics, self- report data appear to be about _____ accurate.

• A.

  60%

• B.

  80%

• C.

  20%

1. Those who are victims of violence during adolescence are at greater risk for ______ in adulthood.     

• A.

  Both perpetration of victimization by violent crimes including partner violence, mental health problems, and problem drug use.

• B.

  Are just fine

• C.

The behavior activating system is associated with the neurotransmitter seritonin.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Neural pathways formed later in life are more resistant to change then those formed during childhood.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Genetic influences are more strongly linked to adult antisocial behavior then juvenile behavior

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Which of the following is a neurological theory based on the propositions that behavior is regulated by two opposing, mechanisms, the BAS and BIS?

• A.

  Evolutionary Neuroandrogenic theory

• B.

  Evolutionary psychology

• C.

  Prefrontal dysfunction theory

• D.

  Reward dominance theory

Criminality is a trait that exists on a continuum.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1. Cesare Lombroso’s concept of the “born criminal” is also known as his theory of ______

Crimes that are universally condemned are mala prohibta

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The____era was characterized by a shift from biological determinism to cultural determinism, which provided for greater optimism regarding the potential for social reform to reduce criminality.

____ Criminologists tend to believe that the only real cause of crime is capitalism

• A.

  Marxist

• B.

  Positivist

• C.

  Atavism

Victimology is a subfield of criminology that specializes in studying the victims of crime

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

____ are at a low rrisk of victimization for violoent crimes 

• A.

  Teenagers

• B.

  The elderly

• C.

  Parents

Taxie driver is an occupation that is not at most risk for workplace violence.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The strongest single predictor that boys will be molested during childhood is presence of a step father.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

_____ Theory focuses on the three variables of a motivated offender, suitable target, and absence of a capable guardian

• A.

  Routine activities

• B.

  Differential association

The crime ____ is the actual number of reported crimes standardized by some unit of the population.

• A.

  Rate

• B.

  Report

• C.

  Supply

1. The official source of crime data that includes detailed information on the circumstances surrounding a criminal incident, including victim and offender characteristics is known as:

Which agency collect and distributes statistics on specific fugitive individuals wanted for particularly serious crimes, including the publication of a list of “ten most wanted

• A.

  FBI

• B.

  CIA

• C.

  CSI

• D.

  NIBRS

Rape is a crime incluved in the NCVS statistics.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  The philosophy that emphasizes “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” is known as:

1.  _____ specifically refers to the weighing of anticipated benefits of a given course of action against its possible costs.

Criminologist raffaek garofalo categorized alcoholocs and the isane as IMPULSIVE criminals.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

____ is a concept in rational choice theory referring to how people decide to offend

• A.

  Choice structuring

• B.

  Reward dominance

1.  The argument that crime can be reduced by increasing individuals’ sense of ownership and generating a sense of belonging in an area is consistent with the idea of DEFENSIBLE SPACE.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  Which of the following theorists is created with strain theory, which argued that strain results from a disjunction between goals and the legitimate means of attaining them?

• A.

  Robert Agnew

• B.

  Cesar Lombroso

• C.

  Moffitt

• D.

  Thomas Sowells

 According to Cohen, the real problem to overcome is _____, not blocked opportunity.

• A.

  Mechanical solidarity

• B.

  Social disorganization

• C.

  Social inequalities

• D.

  Status Frustation

1.  According to the tenets of institutional anomie theory, which of the following would be useful policy goal?

• A.

  Address negative emotions through coping strategies

• B.

  Increase collective efficiency at the neighborhood level.

• C.

  Increase legitimate economic opportunities in society

• D.

  Reduce the role if economic factor in other social institutions such as the family

 Identify the theorist(s) known for suggesting that crime is a normal and inevitable social phenomenon

• A.

  Durkheim

• B.

  Moffitt

• C.

  Lombroso

• D.

  Agnew

Shaw and McKay's social disorganzation theory is part of the Human Ecology theoretical tradition.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

 Differential association theory is the brainchild of criminologist ________.

• A.

  Sutherland

• B.

  Durkheim

• C.

  Agnew

• D.

  Beccaria

1.  _____is a perspective on learning that asserts that behavior is governed and shaped by consequences.

• A.

  Operant psychology

• B.

  Evolutionary psychology

• C.

  Human ecology

1.  Even though johnny realizes that he will never reach the economic and occupational success of which he once dreamed, he continues to go to work each day and diligently complete the tasks assigned to him. This is most consistent with the conformity form of adaption in Merton’s Theory of anomie/strain.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  This technique of neutralization involves the assertion that the behavior of parents, police,etc., are just as bad if not worse than the offender.

1.  According to Lemert, Primary deviance is the initial nonconforming act that comes to the attention of the authorities.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  Social bond theory argues that individuals who have invested time and effort into legitimate endeavors have a stake in conformity, and will therefore be less likely to engage in crime.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

 According to Gottfredson and Hirschi, most criminals don't lack patience, persistence and diligence.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels used "lumpenparoletrariat" to refer to the lowest class of society, which they saw as “the dangerous class, social scum” 

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

 The ____ perspective of criminology encompasses Marxism, conflict, and feminist theories.

• A.

  Peacemaking

• B.

  Critical

• C.

  Alienation

1.  _____ criminology argues that an overemphasis on punishing criminals escalates violence.

• A.

  Peacemaking

• B.

  Generalizabilty

• C.

  Critical

 The generalizability problem refers to the question of whether tradition male-centered theories of crime apply to women.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

 Left realism doesnt seeks to translate the marxist theory into practical, realistic social policies. 

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

1.  Barbara Sims suggested that Marxist theory could be intergrated with strain theory

• A.

  True

• B.

  False