Biology 242 Final
- 1.
All protists are unicelluar.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False -
- 2.
Organisms that use inorganic molecules as their energy source and CO2 as a carbon source are called:
- A.
Photoheterotrophs
- B.
Chemoheterotrophs
- C.
Photoautotrophs
- D.
Chemoautotrophs
- E.
None of the above are correct
Correct Answer
D. Chemoautotrophs -
- 3.
In the future, you an an exobiologist aboard the starship Beagle. You discover a protist like organism that feeds on food in a liquid form. You email your general Biology professor to tell him you found an alien protist that uses _____ mode of nutrition.
- A.
Parasitic
- B.
Sporozoic
- C.
Saprozoic
- D.
Microphagic
- E.
Holozoic
Correct Answer
C. Saprozoic -
- 4.
Conifers (gymnosperms) differ from ferns in that conifers have _____ and ferns do not.
- A.
Roots
- B.
Seeds
- C.
Flowers
- D.
Roots and flowers
- E.
Seeds and flowers
Correct Answer
B. Seeds -
- 5.
A flower that has sepals, petals, and stamens but lacks carpels is said to be:
- A.
Perfect, but incomplete
- B.
Imperfect, but complete
- C.
Imperfect and incomplete
- D.
Perfect and complete
Correct Answer
C. Imperfect and incomplete -
- 6.
In the modern classification scheme used by biologists, if two families are placed in the same order, it is because biologists believe that the two families:
- A.
Appear enough alike to be related
- B.
Belong to the same ecosystem
- C.
Both contain the same number of species
- D.
Evolved at the same time
- E.
Had a common ancestor
Correct Answer
E. Had a common ancestor -
- 7.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
- A.
Pollen are sporophytes
- B.
The embryo sac is a gametophyte
- C.
A pistil is part of a sporophyte
- D.
An anther is part of a sporophyte
- E.
An embryo is a sporophyte
Correct Answer
A. Pollen are sporophytes -
- 8.
Which of the following statements is false?
- A.
Gymnosperms and ferns both have chlorophyl
- B.
Gymnosperms and ferns both have sporangia
- C.
Gymnosperms and ferns both have vascular tissues
- D.
Gymnosperms and ferns both have leaves
- E.
All of the above are true (A-D)
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are true (A-D) -
- 9.
A form of asexual reproduction where a multiple fission occurs in a protistan cell, forming many daughter cells
- A.
Schizogony
- B.
Binary fission
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
Conjugation
- E.
Syngamy
Correct Answer
A. Schizogony -
- 10.
A small rodent like marsupial (Planigale) and a small placental mouse (Mus) are very similar in appearance and live in similar habitats, yet Planigale is more closely related to a kangaroo (and Mus is more closely related to an elephant) than Planigale and Mus are related to each other. This is an example of:
- A.
Convergent evolution (homoplasy)
- B.
Divergent evolution
- C.
Adaptive evolution
- D.
Extinction
- E.
Anabolism
Correct Answer
A. Convergent evolution (homoplasy) -
- 11.
The higher plants show what type of life cycle?
- A.
Zygotic
- B.
Gametic
- C.
Sporic
Correct Answer
C. Sporic -
- 12.
If humans and panda bears are in the same phylum, then they must also be in the same:
- A.
Class
- B.
Order
- C.
Family
- D.
Kingdom
- E.
Two of the above are correct
Correct Answer
D. Kingdom -
- 13.
Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of the evolution of land plants, from the group that appeared first to the group that appeared last (most recent)?
- A.
Mosses-ferns-flowering plants-conifers
- B.
Ferns-mosses-flowering plants-conifers
- C.
Ferns-mosses-conifers-flowering plants
- D.
Mosses-ferns-conifers-flowering plants
- E.
Mosses-conifers-ferns-flowering plants
Correct Answer
D. Mosses-ferns-conifers-flowering plants -
- 14.
The water molds are in the protistan group:
- A.
Ciliata
- B.
Chlorophyta
- C.
Phaeophyta
- D.
Oomycota
- E.
Euglenozoa
Correct Answer
D. Oomycota -
- 15.
Which of the following supergroups do the radiolarians and foraminiferans belong?
- A.
Excaviata
- B.
Chromalveolata
- C.
Rhizaria
- D.
Archaeplastida
- E.
Unikonta
Correct Answer
C. Rhizaria -
- 16.
For plants, which of the following provides support against gravity?
- A.
Nonflagellated sperm
- B.
Tracheids and fibers
- C.
Secondary compounds
- D.
Cuticle
- E.
Alternation of generations
Correct Answer
B. Tracheids and fibers -
- 17.
The outermost whirls of modified leaves of a flower (they tend to be green) are the:
- A.
Styles
- B.
Sepals
- C.
Petals
- D.
Cotyledons
- E.
Stamens
Correct Answer
B. Sepals -
- 18.
The large multicellular marine kelps are in the protistan group:
- A.
Alveolata
- B.
Chlorophyta
- C.
Bacillariophyta
- D.
Chrysophyta
- E.
Phaeophyta
Correct Answer
E. Phaeophyta -
- 19.
A heterosporous plant is one that:
- A.
Produces a gametophyte that bears both antheridia and archegonia
- B.
Produces microspores and megaspores, which in turn produce male and female gametophytes
- C.
Produce spores all year round instead of during just one season
- D.
Produces two kinds of spores, one asexually by mitosis and one sexually by meiosis
- E.
Only reproduces sexually
Correct Answer
B. Produces microspores and megaspores, which in turn produce male and female gametophytes -
- 20.
A botanist discovers a new species of plant in a tropical rainforest. After examining its anatomy and life cycle, she notes that the plant has pollen, xylem with tracheids, and seeds. It does not have flowers. The plant is probably a member of which plant taxon?
- A.
Mosses
- B.
Conifers
- C.
Ferns
- D.
Angiosperms
- E.
Charophytes
Correct Answer
B. Conifers -
- 21.
Spherical bacteria are called:
- A.
Cocci
- B.
Bacilli
- C.
Spirilla
- D.
Nauplii
- E.
Orbi
Correct Answer
A. Cocci -
- 22.
A bacterial cell divides into two daughter cells by the process of:
- A.
Sporogony
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Conjugation
- D.
Binary fission
- E.
Syngamy
Correct Answer
D. Binary fission -
- 23.
A cats hid leg and a chickens hind leg are similar in structure, development and funtion. These are examples of _____ structures.
- A.
Analogous
- B.
Homologous
- C.
Paraphyletic
- D.
Polyphyletic
- E.
Cladistic
Correct Answer
B. Homologous -
- 24.
Related orders of fungi would be grouped into the next highest taxon called:
- A.
A family
- B.
A genus
- C.
A phylum (division)
- D.
A class
- E.
A kingdom
Correct Answer
D. A class -
- 25.
Which of the following statements (if any) is false concerning the species found in one subfamily?
- A.
There could be one or two or more genera in a subfamily
- B.
There could be one, two, or more subgenera in a subfamily
- C.
All species in the subfamily would be in the same suborder
- D.
All species in the subfamily would be found in the same class
- E.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are true -
- 26.
The process called ________ refers to the type of speciation in which branching of several new species from an ancestral lineage occurs.
- A.
Anagenesis
- B.
Cladogenesis
Correct Answer
B. Cladogenesis -
- 27.
Sexual reproduction (involving meiosis) is a property of:
- A.
All eukaryotes and a few prokaryotes
- B.
Animals and plants only
- C.
Eukaryotes only
- D.
Prokaryotes only
- E.
Prokaryotes and many protists
Correct Answer
C. Eukaryotes only -
- 28.
Ciliates using conjugation exchange a pair of micronuclei. Meanwhile, the macronuclei:
- A.
Are expelled from the cell
- B.
Usually disintegrate
- C.
Divide by several rounds of mitosis
- D.
Fuse with each other
- E.
Shrink and become diploid mitochondria
Correct Answer
B. Usually disintegrate -
- 29.
What is one reason why the green algae Chlorophyta are believed to be the ancestors of land plants?
- A.
Some of their members have structures similar to roots, stems and leaves - holdfasts, stipes, and blades.
- B.
They do not have flagellated gametes
- C.
They are the only multicellular protists
- D.
They exhibit the alternation of generations
- E.
They have similar chloroplasts and chlorophylls
Correct Answer
E. They have similar chloroplasts and chlorophylls -
- 30.
Which of the following contrasts is more important that the other answers in separating groups of organisms alive today?
- A.
Plants vs. animals
- B.
Asexual reproducers vs. sexual reproducers
- C.
Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs
- D.
Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes
- E.
Single-celled vs. multi-celled organisms
Correct Answer
D. Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes -
- 31.
Two features found in protists (but not in prokaryotes) are:
- A.
Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition
- B.
Cell walls and plasma cell membranes
- C.
DNA replication and cell division
- D.
Metabolism and mutation
- E.
Meiosis and true multicellularity
Correct Answer
E. Meiosis and true multicellularity -
- 32.
Plant gametophytes produce ______ by _______.
- A.
Spores; meiosis
- B.
Gametes; meiosis
- C.
Gametes; mitosis
- D.
Spores; mitosis
Correct Answer
C. Gametes; mitosis -
- 33.
Which of the following is the correct order of the taxonomic categories going from least inclusive to most inclusive.
- A.
Species-genus-order-family-class-phylum-kingdom
- B.
Species-genus-family-class-order-phylum-kingdom
- C.
Species-genus-class-family-order-phylum-kingdom
- D.
Species-genus-order-class-family-phylum-kingdom
- E.
Species-genus-family-order-class-phylum-kingdom
Correct Answer
E. Species-genus-family-order-class-phylum-kingdom -
- 34.
The plumule of a plant embryo gives rise to which structure?
- A.
Root
- B.
Shoot
Correct Answer
B. Shoot -
- 35.
Angiosperms are:
- A.
Flowering plants
- B.
Nonvascular plants
- C.
Extinct
- D.
Mosses
- E.
Pines and conifers
Correct Answer
A. Flowering plants -
- 36.
The holly plants (Ilex) have male and female structures located in separate flowers, and each individual plant has either male or female flowers, but not both. This means that holly is a _________ plant.
- A.
Dioecious
- B.
Monoecious
Correct Answer
A. Dioecious -
- 37.
Ferns are more advanced than mosses because mosses generally lack which structure that is found in ferns?
- A.
Spores
- B.
Gametophytes
- C.
Pollen
- D.
Sporophytes
- E.
Xylem
Correct Answer
E. Xylem -
- 38.
Circular DNA chromosomes are found in Archaea, and linear chromosomes are found in both Eukarya and Bacteria.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False -
- 39.
Xylem and phloem are found in:
- A.
All land plants
- B.
All multicellular plants
- C.
Only in the gametophytes of vascular plants
- D.
Only in the seed plants
- E.
In all ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms
Correct Answer
E. In all ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms -
- 40.
A taxon would be considered paraphyletic if it:
- A.
Includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group and all of the descendants of the common ancestor
- B.
Does not include the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group, and does not include all of the descendants
- C.
Has several ancestors
- D.
Includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group, and some but not all of its descendants.
Correct Answer
D. Includes the most recent common ancestor of all members of the group, and some but not all of its descendants. -
- 41.
The cells that make up the endosperm (of a diploid higher plant) are:
- A.
Triped
- B.
Diploid
- C.
Quadruped
- D.
Triploid
- E.
Quadraploid
Correct Answer
D. Triploid -
- 42.
In the future, you are an exobiologist aboard the starship Beagle. You discover and organism that cannot undergo metabolism if oxygen is present in its environment; it can only respire in the absence of oxygen. You call this organism:
- A.
An obligate aerobe
- B.
A facultative anaerobe
- C.
An obligate anaerobe
- D.
Mixotrophic
- E.
Autotrophic
Correct Answer
C. An obligate anaerobe -
- 43.
In the life cycle of angiosperms, double fertilization refers to:
- A.
The fertilization of the egg cell by sperm from two different pollen grains
- B.
The fertilization of the egg cell with two sperm from a single pollen tube
- C.
The fertilization of two separate haploid egg cells within the female gametophyte
- D.
A pollen tube releasing two sperm, one fuses with the egg, the other fuses with two other haploid cells to form endosperm
- E.
The fertilization of two eggs within the archegonium
Correct Answer
D. A pollen tube releasing two sperm, one fuses with the egg, the other fuses with two other haploid cells to form endosperm -
- 44.
Which of the following supergroups do the amebozoans, fungi and animals belong?
- A.
Excaviata
- B.
Chromaveolata
- C.
Rhizaria
- D.
Archaeplastida
- E.
Unikonta
Correct Answer
E. Unikonta -
- 45.
The protistan group that produces a slug-like mass of cells at some time in their life cycle:
- A.
Ciliates
- B.
Brown algae
- C.
Diatoms
- D.
Trypanosomes
- E.
Cellular slime molds
Correct Answer
E. Cellular slime molds -
- 46.
All but one of the following statements describe trends in plant evolution (more ancient characteristic --> more recent characteristic). Which statement is false?
- A.
Nonvascular plant --> vascular plant
- B.
Diploid generation dominant (larger, more conspicuous) --> haploid generation dominant (larger, more conspicuous)
- C.
Plants without seeds --> plants with seeds
- D.
Nonflowering plants --> flowering plants
- E.
Flagellated sperm --> sperm without flagella
Correct Answer
B. Diploid generation dominant (larger, more conspicuous) --> haploid generation dominant (larger, more conspicuous) -
- 47.
A visiting scientist from another planet is interested in the taxonomy of life on earth. The visitor examines only the anatomy of Great Danes and chihuahuas, and concludes that they are not members of the same species because they are very different is shape and size. The visitor is using the ______ species concept for determining which organisms are of the same species.
- A.
Morphological
- B.
Anagenetic
- C.
Phylogenetic
- D.
Biological
Correct Answer
A. Morphological -
- 48.
An angiosperm gametophyte is:
- A.
Diploid
- B.
A spore-producing plant
- C.
The plant produced by the fusion of two gametes
- D.
Not capable of photosynthesis
- E.
The larger, longer lived generation
Correct Answer
D. Not capable of photosynthesis -
- 49.
You are an exobiologist aboard the starship Beagle. You observe a process where alien viruses transfer genes from one alien bacterial cell to another. You call your freshman biology professor and tell him that you have observed ______ in alien bacterial species.
- A.
Transformation
- B.
Conjugation
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
Transduction
- E.
Mutation
Correct Answer
D. Transduction -
- 50.
In mosses the sporophyte stage is _____ compared to the gametophyte, and the gametophyte is ______ upon the sporophyte for protection and nutrition.
- A.
Larger in size; dependent
- B.
Smaller in size; dependent
- C.
Larger in size; not dependent
- D.
Small in size; not dependent
- E.
Similar in size; dependent
Correct Answer
D. Small in size; not dependent -
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