Hart's Volcanoes And Igneous Rocks Quiz Oct 31
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which volcano is located in Washington state?
- A.
Mount Kileua
- B.
Mount St. Helens
- C.
Mount Tambura
- D.
Mount Etna
Correct Answer
B. Mount St. HelensExplanation
Mount St. Helens is located in Washington state. It is an active stratovolcano that is part of the Cascade Range. On May 18, 1980, it erupted in a violent explosion, causing the largest debris avalanche in recorded history. This eruption resulted in the loss of several lives and caused significant damage to the surrounding area. Mount St. Helens is known for its volcanic activity and is closely monitored by scientists to study and understand volcanic processes.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
Because there is so many volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean, the region is called what?
- A.
Ring of Lava
- B.
Ring of Magma
- C.
Ring of Fire
- D.
Burning Ring
Correct Answer
C. Ring of FireExplanation
The correct answer is "Ring of Fire". This term refers to the region in the Pacific Ocean where a large number of volcanoes are located. The name "Ring of Fire" is derived from the fact that this area is characterized by intense volcanic activity and frequent earthquakes, forming a horseshoe-shaped ring around the Pacific tectonic plate.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Convection currents occur in the Earth because
- A.
Hot magma rises and is cooled and sinks again to be heated.
- B.
The Earth spins and not all of the magma spins at the same rate.
- C.
Cold magma rises and is heated and sinks again to be cooled.
- D.
Volcanoes pull the magma out of the Earth and it becomes lava.
Correct Answer
A. Hot magma rises and is cooled and sinks again to be heated.Explanation
Convection currents occur in the Earth because hot magma rises due to its lower density, then it cools down as it moves away from the heat source, causing it to become denser and sink again. This process creates a continuous cycle of rising and sinking magma, which is known as convection. The movement of the magma is driven by the transfer of heat from the Earth's core to the surface, causing the convection currents to occur.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
This picture shows a volcano that already erupted in Oregon.That type of volcano is called a
- A.
Shield volcano
- B.
Composite volcano
- C.
Compound volcano
- D.
Caldera
Correct Answer
D. CalderaExplanation
A caldera is a type of volcano that forms when the magma chamber beneath a volcanic mountain empties out during a massive eruption, causing the mountain to collapse inward and create a large, basin-shaped depression. This picture shows a volcano that has already erupted in Oregon, and the shape of the landform resembles a caldera. A shield volcano, composite volcano, and compound volcano are all different types of volcanoes that have different shapes and eruption styles, so they do not fit the description of the landform in the picture.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
- A.
Lava flowing from the volcano
- B.
The ash cloud streaming into the air
- C.
Hot ash and rock fragment bouncing down the mountain at high speeds
- D.
Basalt lava
Correct Answer
C. Hot ash and rock fragment bouncing down the mountain at high speedsExplanation
A pyroclastic flow refers to the hot ash and rock fragments that rapidly descend down the slopes of a volcano. These flows can reach high speeds and are extremely dangerous due to their high temperatures and destructive force.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
What is a supervolcano?
- A.
The worlds' biggest volcano
- B.
An active volcano
- C.
A volcano which erupts often
- D.
A volcano which can produce the most destructive eruptions
Correct Answer
D. A volcano which can produce the most destructive eruptionsExplanation
A supervolcano is a volcano that can produce the most destructive eruptions. These eruptions are characterized by their immense size and power, capable of releasing huge amounts of volcanic material, ash, and gas into the atmosphere. Unlike regular volcanic eruptions, supervolcano eruptions can have global impacts, causing widespread devastation and affecting climate patterns. The term "supervolcano" is used to distinguish these highly explosive and catastrophic volcanoes from others that are less destructive.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
A large destructive sea wave resulting from an earthquake is called a
- A.
Pangaea.
- B.
Subduction.
- C.
Tidal wave.
- D.
Tsunami.
Correct Answer
D. Tsunami.Explanation
A large destructive sea wave resulting from an earthquake is called a tsunami. Tsunamis are caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, usually due to an undersea earthquake or a volcanic eruption. These waves can travel across entire ocean basins, reaching coastal areas with devastating force. Tsunamis can cause widespread destruction and loss of life when they make landfall, making them highly dangerous natural disasters.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
An intrusive igneous rock is formed from
- A.
Lava that cools rapidly on the earth's surface.
- B.
Magma that cools slowly beneath the earth's surface.
- C.
Magma that cools slowly on the earth's surface.
- D.
Lava that cools rapidly beneath the earth's surface.
Correct Answer
B. Magma that cools slowly beneath the earth's surface.Explanation
An intrusive igneous rock is formed from magma that cools slowly beneath the earth's surface. This is because when magma is trapped beneath the surface, it has more time to cool and solidify, allowing for the formation of larger mineral crystals. In contrast, lava that cools rapidly on the earth's surface forms extrusive igneous rocks, which have smaller mineral crystals or a glassy texture due to the quick cooling process.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which one of the following most accurately describes the volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands?
- A.
Volcanoes associated with a mid-Pacific transform fault.
- B.
Volcanoes fed by a long-lived hot spot below the Pacific lithospheric plate.
- C.
Volcanoes associated with a mid-Pacific ridge and spreading center.
- D.
Volcanoes associated with subduction and a convergent plate boundary .
Correct Answer
B. Volcanoes fed by a long-lived hot spot below the Pacific lithospheric plate.Explanation
The Hawaiian Islands are formed by a long-lived hot spot below the Pacific lithospheric plate. This hot spot remains stationary while the Pacific plate moves over it, resulting in a chain of volcanoes. This is evidenced by the fact that the islands get progressively older from east to west, with the youngest island being the Big Island of Hawaii and the oldest island being Kauai. This is different from the other options, which involve different tectonic processes such as transform faults, mid-Pacific ridges, spreading centers, or subduction zones, which are not characteristic of the Hawaiian Islands.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
The different types of plate boundaries are
- A.
relative, absolute and comparative.
- B.
Divergent, convergent and reform.
- C.
Divergent, convergent and deform.
- D.
Divergent, convergent and transform.
Correct Answer
D. Divergent, convergent and transform.Explanation
The different types of plate boundaries are divergent, convergent, and transform. Divergent boundaries occur when two plates move away from each other, creating new crust. Convergent boundaries occur when two plates collide, causing one plate to be forced beneath the other, resulting in the formation of mountains or volcanoes. Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide past each other horizontally, causing earthquakes. Relative, absolute, comparative, reform, and deform are not types of plate boundaries, so they are not the correct answer.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
What is Viscosity?
- A.
A muscle in the body
- B.
Type of magma
- C.
Type of rock
- D.
The resistance of a liquid to flowing
Correct Answer
D. The resistance of a liquid to flowingExplanation
Viscosity refers to the resistance of a liquid to flowing. It is a measure of the internal friction within a fluid, which determines how easily it can flow. Liquids with high viscosity, like honey or syrup, flow slowly because they have a high resistance to flow. On the other hand, liquids with low viscosity, like water, flow more easily because they have a low resistance to flow. Therefore, the correct answer is "The resistance of a liquid to flowing."Rate this question:
-
- 12.
What is Aa?
- A.
A type of calculator
- B.
Obsidian
- C.
Pumice
- D.
A type of lava with a higher viscosity that looks like sharp chunks when it cools.
Correct Answer
D. A type of lava with a higher viscosity that looks like sharp chunks when it cools.Explanation
The correct answer is "A type of lava with a higher viscosity that looks like sharp chunks when it cools." This answer is supported by the description provided in the options. It states that Aa is a type of lava that has a higher viscosity, resulting in a rough and chunky appearance when it cools. Aa lava is known for its sharp and jagged texture, making it distinct from other types of lava flows. Therefore, this answer accurately describes the characteristics of Aa lava.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
What kind of volcano was Mt. St. Helens
- A.
Cinder Cone
- B.
Shield
- C.
Caldera
- D.
Stratovolcanoe
Correct Answer
D. StratovolcanoeExplanation
Mt. St. Helens was a stratovolcano. Stratovolcanoes, also known as composite volcanoes, are tall, conical-shaped volcanoes built up by many layers of hardened lava, volcanic ash, and other volcanic materials. They are characterized by explosive eruptions that release a mixture of lava, ash, and gases. Mt. St. Helens fits this description as it had a steep-sided cone shape and its eruption in 1980 was highly explosive, causing widespread devastation in the surrounding area.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
A volcano that is not steep is a
- A.
Shield Volcano
- B.
Stratovolcano
- C.
Cinder Cone Volcano
- D.
Ring of Fire Volcano
Correct Answer
A. Shield VolcanoExplanation
A volcano that is not steep is a Shield Volcano. Shield volcanoes have a broad, gently sloping shape due to the low viscosity of their lava. This allows the lava to flow easily and spread out over a large area, creating a shield-like appearance. Shield volcanoes are typically formed by repeated eruptions of fluid basaltic lava, which gradually build up the volcano's broad shape over time. Unlike stratovolcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, or volcanoes in the Ring of Fire, shield volcanoes have a more gradual slope and are not steep in nature.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
Magma composition helps shape a volcano. What substance determines whether magma is chunky or flowy? This is a picture of it.
- A.
Sand
- B.
Salt
- C.
Silica
- D.
Calcium
Correct Answer
C. SilicaExplanation
Silica is the substance that determines whether magma is chunky or flowy. Silica content affects the viscosity of magma, with higher silica content resulting in more viscous magma. This viscosity determines the behavior of magma during volcanic eruptions. Magma with high silica content tends to be thick and sticky, causing it to flow less easily and build up pressure within the volcano. On the other hand, magma with low silica content is more fluid and can flow more easily, resulting in less explosive eruptions. Therefore, silica composition plays a crucial role in shaping the characteristics and behavior of volcanoes.Rate this question:
-
Back to top