Systems T3
Good luck!
- 1.The massage therapist has a noticeable tremor of the right thumb that goes away as soon as s/he reaches for the oil bottle and gets to work. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 2.The client's ankles move together in a continuous intertwining action. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 3.During walking, the body parts do not work well together and the person staggers, seeming to misjudge where the ground is and unbalancing easily. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 4.Mild active free limb movements create "stabbing" feelings inside the joint. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 5.The person cannot watch someone demonstrate an unfamiliar motor skill and then figure out how to reproduce it. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 6.Manual pressure results in a rapid, jerky reaction in the muscles being worked on, which then expands to involve more and more muscles. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 7.The client sitting in your waiting room struggles to get up when you arrive; despite concentrating hard, s/he has a few unsuccessful tries before you reach over to help. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 8.When you ask your client to indicate the exact location of the knee pain, s/he keeps missing the knee, passing it altogether or coming up short. This is most likely caused by:
- A.
Motor cortex dysfunction
- B.
Cerebellum dysfunction
- C.
Basal ganglia dysfunction
- D.
Dysfunction of integrated higher motor centre transmission
- E.
None of the above
- 9.Impaired swallowing, a massage therapist concern because of the choking risk, is called:
- A.
Dysarthria
- B.
Dysdiadochokinesia
- C.
Dysphagia
- D.
Dysaesthesia
- E.
Dyskinesia
- 10.Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about rigidity?
- A.
The affected joints are expected to be in flexed holding positions.
- B.
Affected joints will tend to release farther if the therapist applies consistent gentle overpressure.
- C.
It would not be surprising if the person has dysarthria.
- D.
GTO reflex functions are expected to perform normally.
- E.
It would not be surprising if the person has chronic constipation.
- 11.A client who has an allydynia reaction to a heat application is most likely to tell you that s/he:
- A.
Finds it too hot.
- B.
Is getting nasty "prickly heat" sensations.
- C.
Is feeling an intense achiness in the tissues.
- D.
Feels that the body part is going numb.
- E.
Finds it too heavy.
- 12.The main reason you would NOT simultaneously massage and stretch a spastic muscle is:
- A.
The GTO reflex is weakened and cannot adequately protect the muscle attachments.
- B.
Spastic muscles respond better to light, gentle techniques.
- C.
Spastic muscles should not be stretched.
- D.
It is too stimulating for the muscle spindle reflexes.
- E.
The type of technique will be too painful for spastic muscles and will initiate abnormal withdrawal reflex responses.
- 13.When a person experiences movement that is not actually occurring, this is called __________ and it is a ________ dysfunction.
- A.
Dystonia; basal ganglia
- B.
Involuntary; basal ganglia
- C.
Vertigo; cerebellum
- D.
A "phantom" phenomenon; sensory
- E.
Decomposition of movement; cerebellum
- 14.Which of the following statements is FALSE?
- A.
The most common vascular damage in the brain is "stroke," which is an infarction.
- B.
The bleeding/edema that can result from a CNS lesion often creates more damage than the original problem.
- C.
Metal elements such as lead and aluminum are classified as CNS poisons and may be the cause of permanent damage.
- D.
Carbon monoxide damages the brain through depriving cells of oxygen.
- E.
None of the above (all are true)
- 15.Babinski's Sign is an example of:
- A.
A clonic reflex response typical of spasticity.
- B.
Impairment of the "righting" reflex.
- C.
Reversion to a more primitive reflex response.
- D.
A disordered agonist/antagonist reflex relationship.
- E.
Flexion dominance.
- 16.Gliosis, the formation of specialized scar tissue in the CNS, is a function of:
- A.
Neurons.
- B.
Astrocytes.
- C.
Ependyma.
- D.
Microglia.
- E.
Oligodendrocytes.
- 17.With respect to spasticity, which is the FALSE statement?
- A.
The key problem in spasticity is that basic reflexes and primitive movement patterns lose modification and oversight from higher motor centres.
- B.
Because of its integrated higher motor centre origin, spasticity will always affect the whole body.
- C.
Individuals with spasticity can often have quite low resting muscle tone.
- D.
The person with spasticity will often have a series of reflex reactions in response to one stimulus.
- E.
Spastic muscles will react aggressively to stretch, especially rapid stretch, so the massage therapist must proceed slowly, stop the stretch when the clonus begins, reduce the stretch a bit, and wait for the reaction to die down before proceeding.
- 18.When a client in MS Clinic tells you that s/he gets "feathery tingling sensations" from your hand massage, you know this should be documented as:
- A.
Hypaesthesia
- B.
Dysaesthesia
- C.
Hyperasthesia
- D.
Paraesthesia
- E.
Anaesthesia
- 19.Broca's aphasia is a non-fluent type - despite having good comprehension of language, the person produces little or not verbal output.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.The term "paraplegic" is used to describe any circumstance where a person has a paralytic condition involving 2 limbs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 21.Since contractures only occur in non-contractile fascial structures, applying fairly aggressive stretch or pressure to them will not exacerbate spasticity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 22.Unfortunately, because of the type of impairment that causes rigidity, hydrotherapy applications cannot help the massage therapist reduce tone in affected muscles.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 23.When an infection is affecting cellular components of the brain tissue, it is referred to as encephalitis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.In order for a client with nystagmus to see you when you are conversing, it is best to stand or sit very still in her/her direct line of vision.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.Facial rigidity can have many social implications, and has the potential to cause communication errors between the massage therapist and the client.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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