1.
How many states of matter exist?
Correct Answer
E. 5
Explanation
Matter manifests in five recognized phases, namely solids, liquids, gases, plasma, and Bose-Einstein condensates. The primary distinguishing factor among these states lies in the density of their constituent particles, representing the fundamental structural variation defining each phase.
2.
The state of matter that are particles and that farthest apart is
Correct Answer
D. Plasma
Explanation
Plasma is the state of matter in which particles are the farthest apart. Unlike solids, liquids, and gases, plasma consists of charged particles that have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between them. This results in particles being spread out and not confined to a fixed position. Plasma is often referred to as the fourth state of matter and is commonly found in stars, lightning, and certain types of flames.
3.
The state of matter in which the particles are closest together is
Correct Answer
D. Solid
Explanation
The state of matter where particles are closest together is solid. In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and have a fixed position. They vibrate in place but do not move around freely like in a liquid or gas. This close arrangement of particles gives solids their definite shape and volume.
4.
In which state of matter do particles have the least energy and are closely packed together?
Correct Answer
A. Solid
Explanation
In the solid state of matter, particles have the least energy, and they are arranged in a fixed, closely-packed structure. This results in a definite shape and volume for solids.
5.
In what state are the particles in this picture is?
Correct Answer
D. Plasma
Explanation
Based on the given options, the state of the particles in the picture is plasma. Plasma is a state of matter in which particles are highly energized and ionized, resulting in the formation of charged particles. It is often considered the fourth state of matter and is characterized by its ability to conduct electricity and respond to magnetic fields.
6.
What state of matter is rain?
Correct Answer
B. Liquid
Explanation
Rain is considered a liquid because it is composed of small water droplets that have condensed in the atmosphere and fallen to the ground. Liquids have a definite volume but not a definite shape, and rain takes the shape of its container or the surface it falls on. Falling rain often has a teardrop shape because of wind resistance. Additionally, rain can flow and be poured, which are characteristics of liquids.
7.
The state of matter with no shape or volume is
Correct Answer
C. Gas
Explanation
Gas is the state of matter with no shape or volume. Unlike solids and liquids, gases do not have a fixed shape or volume. Instead, they take the shape and volume of their container. Gas particles are in constant random motion, allowing them to fill any space available to them. This property of gases makes them highly compressible and able to expand to fill any container they are placed in.
8.
What state of matter are the particles in this picture of?
Correct Answer
A. Solid
Explanation
The particles in the picture are closely packed together and have a fixed shape and volume, indicating that they are in a solid state.
9.
What state of matter is water? (Considering all conditions of temperature.)
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Water can exist in all three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. At low temperatures, water freezes and becomes a solid, commonly known as ice. At room temperature, water is in its liquid state, flowing and taking the shape of its container. At higher temperatures, water vaporizes and becomes a gas, known as steam. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as water can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas depending on the temperature and pressure conditions.
10.
Of solids, liquids, and gases, which phase of matter has the most kinetic energy?
Correct Answer
C. Gas
Explanation
Among solids, liquids, and gases, gases typically have the most kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of particles in a substance. In gases, particles move freely and rapidly in all directions, colliding with each other and the container walls. This high degree of motion results in gases having higher kinetic energy compared to liquids, where particles have less freedom of movement, and solids, where particles are relatively fixed in their positions.