Renal Health: Acute And Chronic Glomerulonephritis
This quiz is about the pathophysiology of Glomerulonephritis both acute and chronic.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What does acute glomerulonephritis primarily effect?
Explanation
Acute glomerulonephritis primarily affects the glomeruli, which are tiny blood vessels in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. This condition is characterized by inflammation in the glomeruli, leading to impaired kidney function. Symptoms may include blood in the urine, proteinuria, high blood pressure, and swelling in the face, hands, or feet. Acute glomerulonephritis can be caused by various factors such as infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain medications. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications and restore kidney function.Rate this question:
- 2.
What is usually detected in the capillary walls of the glomeruli during acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Na+
- B.
Glucose
- C.
WBCs
- D.
IgG
- E.
Bacteria
Correct Answer
D. IgGExplanation
During acute glomerulonephritis, IgG is usually detected in the capillary walls of the glomeruli. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli, which are the tiny filters in the kidneys that help remove waste and excess fluid from the blood. IgG, a type of antibody, is a common finding in glomerulonephritis and indicates an immune response. The presence of IgG in the capillary walls suggests that the immune system is targeting and depositing antibodies in the glomeruli, leading to inflammation and damage to the kidneys.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Staph infection on the skin
- B.
Strep Infection in the throat
- C.
Fungal Infections
Correct Answer
B. Strep Infection in the throatExplanation
Strep infection in the throat is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis. This condition occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the glomeruli, which are tiny filters in the kidneys. Strep infection can trigger an immune response that leads to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli. This can result in symptoms such as blood in the urine, swelling, and high blood pressure. Prompt treatment of strep infection with antibiotics can help prevent the development of acute glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What are some other causes of acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Staph infection on the skin, or trauma to skin
- B.
The Flu Virus, and fungal infections
- C.
Scarlet fever, and impetigo
Correct Answer
C. Scarlet fever, and impetigoExplanation
Scarlet fever and impetigo are both bacterial infections that can cause acute glomerulonephritis. Scarlet fever is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria and impetigo is caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus bacteria. These infections can lead to the development of immune complexes that can deposit in the glomeruli of the kidneys, causing inflammation and damage. This can result in acute glomerulonephritis, characterized by symptoms such as hematuria, proteinuria, and edema. Therefore, both scarlet fever and impetigo can be potential causes of acute glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What is the Pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Increase production of endothelial cells lining the glomerulus, infiltration of the glomerulous by leukocytes, and thinkening and scarring of the filtration membranes causing loss of filltering surface.
- B.
Decrease production of endothelial cells lining the glomerulus, Shortage of leukocytes within the infected area, and thinning of the filtration membranes causing over exposure of filltering surface.
Correct Answer
A. Increase production of endothelial cells lining the glomerulus, infiltration of the glomerulous by leukocytes, and thinkening and scarring of the filtration membranes causing loss of filltering surface.Explanation
Glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, which are the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. The pathophysiology of glomerulonephritis involves an increase in the production of endothelial cells lining the glomerulus, which leads to the infiltration of leukocytes into the glomerulus. This inflammatory response causes thickening and scarring of the filtration membranes, ultimately resulting in a loss of filtering surface area. This impaired filtration can lead to the retention of waste products and fluid in the body, contributing to the symptoms and complications of glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 6.
How much renal tissue is effected during any case of glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Just the Glomeruli
- B.
Half of the renal tissue
- C.
Glomeruli and outside lining
- D.
All of the renal tissue
Correct Answer
D. All of the renal tissueExplanation
Glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, which are the tiny filters in the kidneys responsible for removing waste and excess fluid from the blood. In this condition, the inflammation affects not only the glomeruli but also the surrounding renal tissue. Therefore, all of the renal tissue is affected during any case of glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Acute Glomerulonephritis is most common in what kind of patient?
- A.
Men and Women over 60
- B.
Teenagers
- C.
23-32 year olds
- D.
3-10 year old Children
Correct Answer
D. 3-10 year old ChildrenExplanation
Acute Glomerulonephritis is most commonly observed in children aged 3-10 years. This condition is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, leading to symptoms such as blood in the urine, swelling, and high blood pressure. It is more prevalent in children due to their immature immune systems and increased susceptibility to infections, particularly streptococcal infections. This age group is more prone to developing the condition compared to other age groups mentioned in the options.Rate this question:
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- 8.
How fast is the recovery time with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
1-2 weeks
- B.
10 months-1 year
- C.
1-2 years
- D.
3 months
Correct Answer
C. 1-2 years -
- 9.
What are extreme S/S of Acute Glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Edema
- B.
Increase Blood Pressure
- C.
Hematurea
- D.
Proteinurea
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." Acute Glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys. This inflammation can lead to various symptoms, including edema (swelling), increased blood pressure, hematuria (blood in the urine), and proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). Therefore, all of these symptoms can be considered extreme signs and symptoms of Acute Glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the percentage of recovery from glomerulonephritis in children?
Correct Answer
90%
90 percentExplanation
The percentage of recovery from glomerulonephritis in children is 90%. This means that 90% of children with glomerulonephritis are able to recover from the condition. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, which can lead to kidney damage and impaired kidney function. However, with proper treatment and management, the majority of children with glomerulonephritis are able to recover and regain normal kidney function.Rate this question:
- 11.
What is the percentage of recovery from acute glomerulonephritis in adults?
Correct Answer
70%
70 percentExplanation
The percentage of recovery from acute glomerulonephritis in adults is 70%. This means that 70% of adults who have this condition will experience a full recovery.Rate this question:
- 12.
True or false? If accute glomerulonephritis develops into chronic a patient might end up depending on dialysis for survival.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
If acute glomerulonephritis, which is an inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, progresses into the chronic stage, it can lead to irreversible damage to the kidneys. This can result in a loss of kidney function, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). When a patient reaches this stage, they may need to depend on dialysis, a procedure that helps to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood, for their survival. Therefore, the statement "If acute glomerulonephritis develops into chronic, a patient might end up depending on dialysis for survival" is true.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What are dietary restrictions that come with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Nitrogen, if BUN levels rise
- B.
Carbs, weight management
- C.
Sugar
Correct Answer
A. Nitrogen, if BUN levels riseExplanation
Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition that affects the kidneys and can lead to impaired kidney function. One of the dietary restrictions that come with this condition is limiting the intake of nitrogen-containing foods, as high levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can indicate kidney dysfunction. Therefore, monitoring BUN levels and reducing nitrogen intake can help manage the condition. The other options mentioned, such as carbs and weight management, and sugar, are not directly related to the dietary restrictions for acute glomerulonephritis.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What should a nurse teach a patient with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Treat Infections Promptly
- B.
Call only if in severe pain
- C.
Call if fatigued, N/V, or decreased urinary output
- D.
A and C
Correct Answer
D. A and CExplanation
A nurse should teach a patient with acute glomerulonephritis to treat infections promptly and to call if experiencing symptoms such as fatigue, nausea/vomiting, or decreased urinary output. Prompt treatment of infections is important in managing acute glomerulonephritis, as infections can worsen the condition. Additionally, symptoms such as fatigue, nausea/vomiting, and decreased urinary output may indicate worsening kidney function and should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Therefore, options A and C are the correct answers.Rate this question:
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- 15.
After repeated occurrences of glomerulonephritis reactions, the kidneys are reduced to what size?
- A.
They stay the same, but are consisted highly of fibrous tissue
- B.
They decrease half their normal size but do not include fibrous tissue
- C.
They are 1/5th their normal size, and are largely consisted of fibrous tissue
- D.
They are 1/3 their normal size, and are largely consisted of fibrous tissue
Correct Answer
C. They are 1/5th their normal size, and are largely consisted of fibrous tissueExplanation
After repeated occurrences of glomerulonephritis reactions, the kidneys are reduced to 1/5th their normal size and are largely consisted of fibrous tissue.Rate this question:
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- 16.
As chronic glomerulonephritis progresses, one will develop s/s of renal insuff. or CRF. what are these symptoms?
- A.
Crackles in lungs, proteinuria, anemia, cardiac enlargement
- B.
CHF, distended neck veins, cardiomegaly, gallop rhythm.
- C.
Abses in kidneys, insomnia, increased heart rate, dizziness
- D.
All of the above
- E.
A and b
Correct Answer
E. A and bExplanation
As chronic glomerulonephritis progresses, one may develop symptoms of renal insufficiency or chronic renal failure. These symptoms can include crackles in the lungs, proteinuria, anemia, cardiac enlargement, CHF (congestive heart failure), distended neck veins, cardiomegaly (enlarged heart), and a gallop rhythm. Therefore, the correct answer is "a and b" which includes all of the mentioned symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What should a nurse assess for in a patient with chronic glomerulonephritis?
- A.
Unstable gait
- B.
Delayed speech
- C.
Fluid and electrolyte changes
- D.
BP and any other cardiac changes
- E.
C and D
Correct Answer
E. C and DExplanation
A nurse should assess for fluid and electrolyte changes as well as blood pressure and any other cardiac changes in a patient with chronic glomerulonephritis. This is because chronic glomerulonephritis affects the kidneys' ability to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances. It can also cause hypertension and cardiac changes due to increased fluid volume and strain on the heart. Therefore, assessing these factors is crucial in managing and monitoring the patient's condition.Rate this question:
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