Psychology-biological Perception
Terms and definitions for neurons, the nervous system, and regions of the brain, based on my lecture notes/outline for chapter 2.
- 1.
Science that deals with the structure/function of neurons, nerves and nervous tissue
- A.
Psychology
- B.
Neuroscience
- C.
Neurobiology
Correct Answer
B. Neuroscience -
- 2.
Basic building block of the nervous system. For the brain to function properly the neurons must be working properly. Sends, receives and processes messages.
- A.
Neurons
- B.
Neurotransmitters
- C.
Glial cells
Correct Answer
A. Neurons -
- 3.
Sends signals to control muscle movement
- A.
Sensory neurons
- B.
Interneurons
- C.
Motor neurons
Correct Answer
C. Motor neurons -
- 4.
Respond to input from sense organs (eyes, ears, mouth, touch, smell)
- A.
Interneurons
- B.
Motor neurons
- C.
Sensory neurons
Correct Answer
C. Sensory neurons -
- 5.
Connect or stand in between motor neurons and sensory neurons, helps feed neurons and helps with signal sending.
- A.
Sensory neurons
- B.
Interneurons
- C.
Motor neurons
Correct Answer
B. Interneurons -
- 6.
Fills in the gaps between neurons, helps clean up dead neurons, and helps communication between neurons.
- A.
Channels
- B.
Sensory neurons
- C.
Glial cells
Correct Answer
C. Glial cells -
- 7.
One neuron fires and affects the next neuron. Chain reaction!!
- A.
Brain circuit
- B.
Action potential
- C.
Resting potential
Correct Answer
A. Brain circuit -
- 8.
contains the nucleus
- A.
Cell membrane
- B.
Axon
- C.
Soma (cell body)
Correct Answer
C. Soma (cell body) -
- 9.
Controls activity of the neuron
- A.
Brain circuit
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Axon
Correct Answer
B. Nucleus -
- 10.
Covering over the neuron
- A.
Cell membrane
- B.
Myelin sheath
- C.
Glial cell
Correct Answer
A. Cell membrane -
- 11.
Little holes in the membrane that open/close to allow the chemical message in/out
- A.
Axon teminal button
- B.
Dendrite
- C.
Channel
Correct Answer
C. Channel -
- 12.
the sending part of the neuron, there is only one per neuron
- A.
Axon
- B.
Neurotransmitter
- C.
Glial cell
Correct Answer
A. Axon -
- 13.
Area where channels open to let the chemical out to the next axon
- A.
Dendrite
- B.
Axon terminal button
- C.
Nucleus
Correct Answer
B. Axon terminal button -
- 14.
White fatty substance that covers the outside of the axon, helps send smooth signals from axon to axon
- A.
Cell membrane
- B.
Dendrite
- C.
Myelin sheath
Correct Answer
C. Myelin sheath -
- 15.
the part of the axon that receives the message/information. There are multiple per axon. Looks like a tree branch coming off the cell body.
- A.
Dendrite
- B.
Myelin sheath
- C.
Neuron
Correct Answer
A. Dendrite -
- 16.
The state of the neutron that changes from a positive charge to a negative charge
- A.
Resting potential
- B.
Jumping potential
- C.
Action potential
Correct Answer
A. Resting potential -
- 17.
Change within the cell from a negative charge to a positive charge
- A.
Jumping potential
- B.
Action potential
- C.
Resting potential
Correct Answer
B. Action potential -
- 18.
The neuron either fires all the way or not at all
- A.
None and some law
- B.
All and some law
- C.
All or none law
Correct Answer
C. All or none law -
- 19.
Area between the sending part of the neuron and the receiving part of the other
- A.
Synaptic gap (cleft)
- B.
Channels
- C.
Medulla
Correct Answer
A. Synaptic gap (cleft) -
- 20.
Are chemicals that cross the synaptic gap (cleft)
- A.
Neurotransmitters
- B.
Interneurons
- C.
Neuromodulators
Correct Answer
A. Neurotransmitters -
- 21.
Chemicals that reproduce and block the effect of neurotransmitters
- A.
Interneurons
- B.
Neutotransmitters
- C.
Neuromodulators
Correct Answer
C. Neuromodulators -
- 22.
When one neuron releases a chemical and the next neuron picks it up
- A.
Binding
- B.
Reuptake
- C.
Antagonists
Correct Answer
A. Binding -
- 23.
When binding doesn’t take place and the chemical gets drawn back into the sending neuron (this is what happens when someone is depressed)
- A.
Agonists
- B.
Reuptake
- C.
Binding
Correct Answer
B. Reuptake -
- 24.
Medications that mimic neurotransmitters
- A.
Antagonist
- B.
Neuromodulators
- C.
Agonists
Correct Answer
C. Agonists -
- 25.
Medications used to block neurotransmitters
- A.
Neuromodulators
- B.
Antagonists
- C.
Agonists
Correct Answer
B. Antagonists -
- 26.
The brain and spinal cord refer to the
- A.
Central nervous system
- B.
Peripheral nervous system
- C.
Autonomic nervous system
- D.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer
A. Central nervous system -
- 27.
Transmits information to the CNS
- A.
Central nervous system
- B.
Parasympathetic nervous system
- C.
Peripheral nervous system
- D.
Autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Peripheral nervous system -
- 28.
This controls the digestive system, glandular function, reproductive system, and smooth muscle contol
- A.
Somatic nervous system
- B.
Symapathetic nervous system
- C.
Autonomic nervous system
- D.
Peripheral nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Autonomic nervous system -
- 29.
This is our fight or flight response system, it increases heart rate, persperation and dialtes the pupils
- A.
Symapathetic nervous system
- B.
Autonomic nervous system
- C.
Peripheral nervous system
- D.
Somatic nervous system
Correct Answer
A. Symapathetic nervous system -
- 30.
Sensory nerves that are attached to muscles to contol movement
- A.
Somatic nervous system
- B.
Parasympathetic nervous system
- C.
Symapathetic nervous system
- D.
Autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer
A. Somatic nervous system -
- 31.
This systems reverses everything the sympathetic nervous system activated
- A.
Autonomic nervous system
- B.
Parasympathetic nervous system
- C.
Peripheral nervous system
- D.
Somatic nervous system
Correct Answer
B. Parasympathetic nervous system -
- 32.
automatic responses to stimuli, come straight from the spinal cord and do not pass this information to the brain
- A.
Reflux
- B.
Motion wave
- C.
Reflexes
- D.
Auto respond
Correct Answer
C. Reflexes -
- 33.
located on top of the spinal cord considered the oldest part of the brain
- A.
Forebrain
- B.
Midbrain
- C.
Hindbrain
Correct Answer
C. Hindbrain -
- 34.
Assists with wakefulness and sleep
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Cerebellum
- C.
Pons
Correct Answer
C. Pons -
- 35.
Controls balance and muscle movement
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Pons
- C.
Medulla
Correct Answer
A. Cerebellum -
- 36.
Controls heartrate, respiration, and facial muscle
- A.
Pons
- B.
Medulla
- C.
Cerebellum
Correct Answer
B. Medulla -
- 37.
This sits on top of the hindbrain
- A.
Cerebral cortex
- B.
Forebrain
- C.
Midbrain
Correct Answer
C. Midbrain -
- 38.
This is produced in the midbrain, also considered a neurotransmitter. helps with impulse control, and pleasure seeking behavior.
- A.
Dopamine
- B.
Seratonin
- C.
Adrenaline
Correct Answer
A. Dopamine -
- 39.
tangled web of neurons, designed to assist with attention, arousal, and alertness (3A's)
- A.
Neuroscience
- B.
Reticular activating system
- C.
Limbic activating system
Correct Answer
B. Reticular activating system -
- 40.
located toward the front of the brain, looks like a cap over the other sections of the brain
- A.
Midbrain
- B.
Hindbrain
- C.
Forebrain
Correct Answer
C. Forebrain -
- 41.
Area in the forebrain responsible for higher mental processes and problem solving
- A.
Cerebral hemisphere
- B.
Frontal lobe
- C.
Cerebral cortex
Correct Answer
C. Cerebral cortex -
- 42.
Has a left and right containing 4 lobes
- A.
Corpus collosum
- B.
Cerebral hemisphere
- C.
Cerebral cortex
Correct Answer
B. Cerebral hemisphere -
- 43.
This lobe processes visual stimuli and is located in the back of the head
- A.
Temporal
- B.
Frontal
- C.
Parietal
- D.
Occipital
Correct Answer
D. Occipital -
- 44.
This lobe helps piece together sensory information
- A.
Frontal
- B.
Temporal
- C.
Parietal
- D.
Occipital
Correct Answer
B. Temporal -
- 45.
This lobe allows you to know where your body is in the enviornment. spatial awareness
- A.
Occipital
- B.
Frontal
- C.
Temporal
- D.
Parietal
Correct Answer
D. Parietal -
- 46.
This lobe has to do with personality, this is where you make decisions. controls impulses and judgement
- A.
Frontal
- B.
Temporal
- C.
Occipital
- D.
Parietal
Correct Answer
A. Frontal -
- 47.
Neuro fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres together. this allows the hemispheres to communicated effectively
- A.
Myelin sheath
- B.
Corpus callosum
- C.
Dendrites
Correct Answer
B. Corpus callosum -
- 48.
your brains ability to make new neuroconnections as a result of experience. this is also when undamaged areas of the brain take over damaged areas of the brain.
- A.
Plasticity
- B.
Amygdala
- C.
Dopamine
Correct Answer
A. Plasticity -
- 49.
This is the gateway to emotions, and is also the most researched area of the brain
- A.
Brocas area
- B.
Wernikes area
- C.
Limbic system
Correct Answer
C. Limbic system -
- 50.
This is where new memory is formed and stored
- A.
Hippocampus
- B.
Hypothalamus
- C.
Hippopotomus
Correct Answer
A. Hippocampus -
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