Sex limited
Recessive
Sex linked
Chromosomal
Similarites in monozygotic twins raised apart must be genetic
Dizygotic twins separated at birth have fewer similarities than monozygotic twins separated at birth, indicating a strong genetic influence
Similarites between adopted children and their adoptive parents indicates a genetic influence
If something is under genetic control, it cannot be modified by the enviroment
May catch up in development to infants with higher birth weight
Have irreversible brain damage
Tend to be over achievers
Usually have enviroments that are similar to infants with higher birth weights.
Have a lower risk of dying than heavier infants
Habituation
Disinhibition
Blocking
Evolution
Infants stared longer at the possible than at the impossible event
Infants stared equally long at both events
Because infants do not have object permanence, they didnt stare at either event; they assume that the car was gone when it went behind the screen
Infants stared longer at the impossible than at the possible event
Johnny argues that his sister should not touch his toys
Michael draws a pile of blocks and he sees them, even when asked to draw how they would look from your side
Diane looks for the candy under the cup indicated by an "informed" adult
Jamie does not hunt for Easter eggs because he assumes that hidden objects are gone
A lack of conservation
Assimilation
Concrete operational thought
Object permanence
An inability to accommodate
Show conservation
Have the concept of object permanence
Be able to assimilate
Solve problems systematically
Distinguish between "pa" and "ba'
The relevant mental processes emerge suddenly at a particular age
Children usually grow out of this stage and successfully pass conservation tasks that they once failed
Giving children water to pour and balls of clay to squash speeds up their understand of conservation
Piaget overestimated the abilities of young children
Children fail the tasks only because they do not understand the question
Adults are unable to create a picture from another person's picture
Adults will provide unnecessary information, suggesting they do not fully understand the other person's perspective
In situations where they are asked to use a model of a room, adults are not able to effectively use the model to "find" the hidden object
Adults believe that only their perspective is the correct one
Adults will pour more liquid into a shower, wider glass than a tall, thin glass
Systematic variation
Equilibration
Evolution
Accommodation
Selective attrition
IQ declines with age
The group of 60 year old is a dull group and the 20 year old are a bright group
The effects are due to the longitudinal design
There is a correlation, but cause cannot be determined
The effects may be due to health and education differeneces while the group were growing up.
Intimacy vs. isolation
Identity vs. role diffusion
Ego integrity vs. despair
Identity foreclosure vs. identity achievement
The likelihood of subsequent behavior problems increase for children who enter daycare after they turn 5
Children entering day care before age 5 will likely end up as "controversial" children
The likelihood of subsequent behavior problems increase for children who enter daycare before turning 1
Children should never be left home with the mother because it will result in an "avoidant" attachment style
Children will develop lower IQs as the number of children in the daycare center with them increases
Genes contribute to degree of conflict
Are most common in teens who are particularly obedient to their parents
Occurs during the midlife transition
Occurs only for teenagers who believe strongly in the personal fable
A "honeymoon period"
A failure in gender role identity
An autonomy vs. shame and doubt crisis
Midlife transition or crisis
An ego integrity vs. despair crisis
A sense of loss
increased stress
A personal fable
Identity foreclosures
The child enter day care at age 3 and day care is poor
The child enter day care at age 1 and day care is adequate
The parents have just been divorced and the mother goes to work for the first time
The child enters day care at age 3 and day care is adequate
Biracial individual usually identify with the rare of their mother
Biracial individual usually identify with the rare of their father
Biracial individual usually identify with the both races
Biracial individual will usually create a new race and identify with it.
Biculturalism
Total assimilation
Bilingualism
Difficulty with acculturation
Gender identity
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