Psychology Of Adolescence And Adulthood
You will have 30 minutes in which to complete this exam. There are two parts to it. Part I. (Multiple choice, 10 items, 2 points each): Write the letter corresponding to the one best available answer in the blank beside the item number. If more than one alternative is correct, there should be an answer indicating “all of the above”, and you would choose the letter corresponding to it; if none of the alternatives is correct, then there should be an answer indicating “none of the above”, and you would choose that phrase’s letter. Part II. (True or False, 10 items, 2 points each):Circle "T" (true) if the statement asserts a fact or correct assertion; circle "F" if the assertion in the statement is incorrect or inaccurat
- 1.Which of the following does NOT typically show a decline or decrease during middle age and later?
- A.
Cognitive Flexibility
- B.
Cautiousness
- C.
Visual acuity
- D.
Ability to hear high pitched sounds
- 2.Which of the following ideas is consistent with the writings of Erik Erikson?
- A.
Adolescents often experience psychological distress reflecting an "identity crisis”.
- B.
The support necessary for psychological development to proceed normally must be social, but need not be specifically sexual.
- C.
There are several important stages of psychological development beyond adolescence.
- D.
All of the above.
- 3.What concept was emphasized as the main focus for adolescence as described by Erik Erikson?
- A.
Sex role orientation.
- B.
Sense of generativity.
- C.
Identity crisis.
- D.
None of the above.
- 4.Of the following assertions regarding gender differences in behavior, which did Gilpin indicate was valid
- A.
Gender differences evident at a particular age may not be evident earlier or later in development.
- B.
Gender differences found on one test thought to measure some psychological construct may not be equally apparent when that phenomenon is indexed by some alternative test or measure.
- C.
Secular trends may affect the reliability of average gender differences in behavior.
- D.
All of the above
- 5.Sigmund Freud associated moral development mostly with the emergence of which part of the psyche?
- A.
Id.
- B.
Superego.
- C.
Ego
- D.
Superid.
- 6.Anna Freud felt that adolescents were especially likely to experience problems arising from their substantial tendency to display which of the following?
- A.
Depression and hallucination.
- B.
Sublimation and denial.
- C.
Intellectualization and asceticism.
- D.
None of the above.
- 7.Of the following assertions about contemporary American adolescence, which is LEAST accurate?
- A.
Adolescence is especially focused on a search for a sense of identity.
- B.
Adolesdcence as a social phenomenon is best defined in terms of the emergence of secondary sex characteristics like pubic hair.
- C.
Adolescence appears to reflect cultural expectations more than other parts of the lifespan.
- D.
Adolescence is characterized by constantly increased interest in peers, and conformity to their values and norms
- 8.The demands experienced by adolescence in school are most closely associated with which of the following factors?
- A.
Chronological age.
- B.
Physical size.
- C.
Physical pubescence.
- D.
Achievement of a mature sense of self-identity.
- 9.Which of the following theorists portrayed adolescence as a time of inevitable conflict with parents?
- A.
R. Havighurst
- B.
A. Gesell
- C.
G. S. Hall
- D.
R.C.Benidict
- 10.Which of the following is an accurate assertion regarding human puberty?
- A.
There have been historical trends toward puberty occuring at earlier ages.
- B.
There is a great deal of variation from index to index of puberty (e.g., ages for growth spurt vs. emergence of pubic hair).
- C.
On average, females reach it at an earlier age than males.
- D.
All of the above.
- 11.The first 5 stages of Erik Erikson's theory parallel those identified by Freud.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.Arnold Gesell emphasized a structural (maturational) definition of adolescence.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 13.In general, human males have higher metabolic rates than females, other things equal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.James Marcia identified individual differences in adolescents' search for identity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.Although Developmental psychology sometimes represents middle age as marked by an inevitable identity crisis, in fact adjustment is most often much smoother than that concept implies.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Robert Havighurst identified a number of developmental tasks applying to adolescents.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.Gender differences in verbal ability, once substantial, appear to have diminished appreciably in recent years.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 18.There are actually only minimal changes in visual acuity experienced by most middle-aged individuals.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.. Males on average have lower visual-spatial skills than females.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.Many aging adults experience difficulty in shifting attention rapidly.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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