Psych 5 Practice Final - Aug. 5, 2010
Settings
-
+
In this scientific quiz, we’ll be looking at the science of psychology – which is defined as the study of behaviour and mind, embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience, as well as thought. What can you tell us?
- 1.The medical model suggests that mental illnesses are caused by __________.
- A.
Chemical factors
- B.
Biological factors
- C.
Mainly the environment
- D.
Mainly genes
- 2.The suggestion that abnormal behavior is the result of physical illness describes the ____________.
- A.
Abnormal model
- B.
Causal model
- C.
Medical model
- D.
Psychophysical model
- 3.The prevalence of a disorder refers to __________________________.
- A.
The number of occurrences of a disorder in society
- B.
The percentage of persons who exhibit the symptoms of a particular disorder
- C.
A severe a disorder is in a patient
- D.
The number of disorders a person suffers
- 4.A brief, intense episode of extreme fear characterized by sweating, dizziness, racing heartbeat, and feelings of impending doom are signs of a __________.
- A.
Panic attack
- B.
Heart attack
- C.
Breakdown
- D.
Hallucination
- 5.Repeated and unexpected panic attacks can result in ________________.
- A.
Nervous breakdown
- B.
Panic disorders
- C.
Nerve damage
- D.
Psychosis
- 6.Phobic disorders and GAD (generalized anxiety disorder) ____________________.
- A.
Differ because phobias are specific to one situation or object, whereas GAD causes general anxiety
- B.
Differ because general anxiety are specific to one situation or object, whereas GAD causes phobias
- C.
Are similar in that phobias and GAD are specific to one situation or object
- D.
Are similar in that neither phobias nor GAD are specific to one situation or object
- 7.Agoraphobia is a fear of _____________.
- A.
Being in a small, enclosed space
- B.
Spiders
- C.
Freedom
- D.
going out in public places
- 8.Payson avoids leaving his house because he gets terrified every time he does. Payson is probably suffering from _________.
- A.
Claustrophobia
- B.
Arachnophobia
- C.
Hypochondria
- D.
Agoraphobia
- 9.A strong intense fear of being in public or performing behaviors in public is a characteristic of ____________.
- A.
Social phobias
- B.
GAD
- C.
Stage fright
- D.
Interpersonal phobia
- 10.Kathy is often distracted by the idea that her hands are dirty, even if she just washed them. Sometimes she has to wash them repeatedly and fears touching anything. She could be diagnosed with ____________________.
- A.
Major depressive disorder
- B.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- C.
Bipolar disorders
- D.
Postpartum depression
- 11.Behavioral theorists argue that anxiety disorders are conditioned through the process of ______________.
- A.
Negative punishment
- B.
Positive punishment
- C.
Negative reinforcement
- D.
Positive reinforcement
- 12.Major changes in sleep patterns, weight level, and feelings about one’s self worth characterize ___________.
- A.
Major depressive disorder
- B.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- C.
Bipolar disorders
- D.
Postpartum depression
- 13.Which of the following forms of depression, which develops within a month of childbirth, has become more widely discussed in recent years?
- A.
Bipolar disorders
- B.
Major depressive disorder
- C.
Postpartum depression
- D.
Seasonal affective disorder
- 14.For some people, their depression lasts only from December to February but returns at the same time each year. This is what psychologists call __________.
- A.
Bipolar disorders
- B.
Major depressive disorder
- C.
Postpartum depression
- D.
Seasonal affective disorder
- 15.One suggestion for overcoming depression is given by the behavioral model. What is it?
- A.
Engage in pleasurable activities, even when you do not want to, to create reinforcers for your behavior.
- B.
Engage in non-pleasurable activities, even when you do not want to, to create reinforcers for your behavior.
- C.
Seek professional counseling to determine the root cause of the feelings.
- D.
Seek professional psychiatric treatment in the form of prescription medication.
- 16.According to Aaron Beck, depression is often caused by ___________.
- A.
Chemical imbalances
- B.
Negative beliefs and expectations
- C.
Societal pressure
- D.
Physical and or mental abuse
- 17.According to the cognitive model of depression, one’s negative beliefs develop as the result of _____________.
- A.
Failure and rejection
- B.
Eustress and distress
- C.
Genetic and environmental influence
- D.
Excessive frontal lobe activity
- 18.A counterintuitive research finding involving depression is that depressed people ____________________.
- A.
Are actually not as depressed as they think they are
- B.
Living longer, healthier lives
- C.
Generally appear upbeat and positive
- D.
Have a more accurate view of circumstances than do non-depressed people
- 19.The results of studies investigating the role of biological factors suggest that depression is caused by ______________
- A.
Decreased levels of various neurotransmitters.
- B.
Exposure to stressful life events.
- C.
Both A and B.
- D.
Neither A nor B.
- 20.An experience marked by dramatically elevated mood and energy, decreased need for sleep, inflated self-esteem, and irresponsible behavior is called ___________.
- A.
An irrational response
- B.
A euphoric episode
- C.
A manic episode
- D.
An exuberant response
- 21.
- A.
An irrational response
- B.
A euphoric episode
- C.
A manic episode
- D.
An exuberant response
- 22.What mood disorder is characterized by alterations between periods of extremely high levels and extremely low levels of activity?
- A.
Bipolar disorder
- B.
Major depressive disorder
- C.
Postpartum depression
- D.
Seasonal affective disorder
- 23.What specific psychological disorder is marked by cycles of extreme activity and inactivity?
- A.
Bipolar disorder
- B.
Major depressive disorder
- C.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D.
Catatonic schizophrenia
- 24.Which psychological disorder has the strongest evidence for a genetic link?
- A.
Antisocial personality disorder
- B.
Bipolar disorder
- C.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D.
Schizophrenia
- 25.Unlike many other psychological disorders, manic episodes may be triggered by ___________.
- A.
Positive life events
- B.
Negative life events
- C.
Genetic predisposition
- D.
Environmental cues
- 26.According to the data, the single best predictor of suicide is ____________.
- A.
A previous attempt
- B.
Drug abuse
- C.
Constantly talking about suicide
- D.
Total withdrawal from society
- 27.What general category of psychological disorders is characterized by a disruption in one’s unified sense of identity?
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Delusions
- C.
Dissociative disorders
- D.
Hallucinations
- 28.Which of the types of psychological disorders is marked by disruptions in one’s sense of consciousness and/or memory?
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Delusions
- C.
Dissociative disorders
- D.
Hallucinations
- 29.The single most controversial psychological disorder is _________________.
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Diversionary disorder
- C.
Dissociative identity disorder
- D.
Xenophobia
- 30.The presence of at least two distinct personalities is characteristic of ______________.
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Split-personality syndrome
- C.
Dissociative identity disorder
- D.
Psychosis
- 31.A sudden, unexpected travel away from home or the workplace, accompanied by amnesia for significant life events is called _________.
- A.
A midlife crisis
- B.
Dissociative fugue
- C.
Dissociative identity disorder
- D.
Anterograde amnesia
- 32.The most severe psychological disorder is _____________.
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Split-personality syndrome
- C.
Dissociative identity disorder
- D.
Psychosis
- 33.A severe disorder of thought and emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality is called ________________.
- A.
Schizophrenia
- B.
Split-personality syndrome
- C.
Dissociative identity disorder
- D.
Psychosis
- 34.A fixed, strongly held belief that has no basis in reality is called a ____________.
- A.
Dissociative fugue
- B.
Midlife crisis
- C.
Delusion
- D.
Hallucination
- 35.Feeling insects crawling on your skin (when none are really there) or hearing voices (when no one is around or no one is talking to you) would be examples of what symptom of schizophrenia?
- A.
Dissociative fugue
- B.
Midlife crisis
- C.
Delusion
- D.
Hallucination
- 36.The most common hallucinations associated with schizophrenia are _____________.
- A.
Auditory
- B.
Visual
- C.
Kinesthetic
- D.
Proprioceptive
- 37.The most frequent type of hallucinations involves ___________________.
- A.
Seeing objects that are not real
- B.
Hearing voices or sounds that are not real
- C.
Feeling objects that are not real
- D.
Tasting things that are not being consumed
- 38.Research indicates that some people’s schizophrenia may result from abnormalities in the brain’s receptor sites for which neurotransmitter?
- A.
Dopamine
- B.
Norepinephrine
- C.
Epinephrine
- D.
Serotonin
- 39.The research data suggest that schizophrenia results from _________ causes.
- A.
Biological
- B.
Biological/genetic
- C.
Genetic
- D.
Unknown
- 40.Most people get their knowledge about psychological topics from
- A.
Scientific magazines
- B.
Academic books
- C.
Popular psychology
- D.
Research reports
- 41.When students begin to read through their introductory psychology textbook, they are often surprised to learn that
- A.
Commonsense explanations abound in the field of psychology
- B.
Many of their beliefs about the causes of thoughts and behaviors are incorrect
- C.
Psychologists do not study people's everyday behaviors
- D.
Psychology is a unique field of study separate from philosophy and biology.
- 42.The discipline of psychology is best thought of as
- A.
A field of self-help principles to eliminate mental problems
- B.
A mixture of anecdotes and personal intuition about human behavior and mental processes
- C.
A process for encouraging people to reach their ultimate potential
- D.
A science of the mind, brain, and behavior
- 43.Common-sense explanations for events
- A.
Can often lead to hypotheses that scientists can later test
- B.
Are often accurate when examining first impressions about someone's trustworthiness
- C.
Are often good guides to the truth
- D.
All of the above
- 44.Modern psychology is best considered to be a
- A.
Collection of pieces of folk wisdom.
- B.
Explanation for scientific findings.
- C.
Personal understanding of natural laws.
- D.
Testable prediction about the natural world.
- 45.When a psychologist mentions the term "scientific theory," he or she is referring to something that
- A.
Explains a single event.
- B.
Explains a wide range of observations.
- C.
Is no better an explanation than another person's opinion.
- D.
Refers to an educated guess
- 46.Pseudoscience can be dangerous because
- A.
It can lead us in the wrong direction when trying to help others or ourselves
- B.
It can cause us to do direct harm
- C.
It reduces our ability to think scientifically
- D.
All of the above
- 47.Thinking skeptically requires that one rely on
- A.
Authority figures' opinions.
- B.
One's own intuition.
- C.
Objective evidence.
- D.
One's subjective understanding of the world.
- 48.Wilhelm Wundt is generally acknowledged with
- A.
Developing the first true psychology laboratory.
- B.
The use of reaction time experiments.
- C.
The application of introspection.
- D.
All of the above.
- 49.E.B. Titchener founded which perspective of psychology?
- A.
Cognitivism
- B.
Functionalism
- C.
Structuralism
- D.
Psychoanalysis
- 50.The lasting contribution of the psychological school of thought known as structuralism is
- A.
Its concern with understanding the adaptive purposes of consciousness.
- B.
The importance it placed on systematic observation in studying consciousness.
- C.
Its concern with developing a scientific model of human learning.
- D.
Its findings that underscored the importance of unconscious mental processes in daily life.
- 51.B. F. Skinner is most associated with which perspective?
- A.
Cogitivism
- B.
Behaviorism
- C.
Functionalism
- D.
Psychoanalysis
- 52.Sigmund Freud was a leading figure in which perspective of psychology?
- A.
Cognitivism
- B.
Behaviorism
- C.
Functionalism
- D.
Psychoanalysis
- 53.All types of psychology involve
- A.
Interactions between patients and therapists.
- B.
Replicating what is already known via common sense.
- C.
Treating people's behavioral and emotional problems.
- D.
The use of scientific methods.
- 54.With is concern on the adaptive functions provided by the various psychological systems, evolutionary psychology is most like what early psychological school of thought?
- A.
Behaviorism
- B.
Functionalism
- C.
Psychoanalysis
- D.
Structuralism
- 55.What famous American psychologist also heavily influenced the filed of advertising?
- A.
William James
- B.
Carl Rogers
- C.
B. F. Skinner
- D.
John Watson
- 56.What is an important limitation of using common sense to understand human behavior and mental processes?
- A.
Common sense is almost always impossible to state as testable hypotheses.
- B.
Common sense is always wrong in its explanations about human behavior.
- C.
Common sense is extremely limited in its ability to test hypotheses.
- D.
Common sense is needlessly complicated in its explanations about human behavior.
- 57.A base rate refers to
- A.
How close a characteristic or behavior is to the mode.
- B.
How valuable a heuristic is.
- C.
How common a characteristic or behavior is.
- D.
How close a characteristic or behavior is to the mean.
- 58.Watching behavior in real-world settings is known as
- A.
Case study.
- B.
Correlation design.
- C.
Naturalistic observation.
- D.
Existence proof.
Back to top