Prof. Chhin Senya (Physiology)
.
- 1.Which of these statements about hypothalamus releasing hormone is true?
- A.
They are secreted into capillaries in the median eminence.
- B.
They are transported by portal veins to the anterior pituitary.
- C.
They stimulate the secretion of specific hormones from the anterior pituitary.
- D.
All of these are true.
- 2.The hormones primarily responsible for setting the basal metabolic rate and for promoting the maturation of the brain is:
- A.
Cortisol
- B.
ACTH
- C.
TSH
- D.
Thyroxine
- 3.Which of these statements about the adrenal cortex is true?
- A.
It is not innervated by nerve fibers and secretes some androgens.
- B.
The zona glomerulosa secretes aldosterone
- C.
The zona fasciculata stimulated by ACTH
- D.
All of these are true
- 4.Which of these statements about the hormone insulin is true?
- A.
It secretes by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans
- B.
It secretes to response to a rise in blood glucose
- C.
It stimulates the production of glycogen and fat
- D.
Both b and c are true
- 5.Steroid hormones are secreted by:
- A.
The adrenal cortex
- B.
The gonads
- C.
THe thyroid
- D.
Answer a and b are true
- 6.Secretion of these hormones would be increased in a person with endemic goiter?
- A.
TSH
- B.
Thyroxine
- C.
Triiodothyronine
- D.
All of these
- 7.Which of these hormones are used in cyclic AMP as second messenger?
- A.
Testosterone
- B.
Insulin
- C.
Cortisol
- D.
Epinephrine
- 8.Which of these terms best describes the interaction of insulin and glucagon?
- A.
Synergistic
- B.
Permissive
- C.
Antagonistic
- D.
Cooperative
- 9.Which of these correctly describes the role of inositol triphosphate in hormones action?
- A.
It activates adenylate cyclase
- B.
It stimulates the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
It actives protein kinase
- D.
All of these are true
- 10.Which of these hormones may have a primary role on many circardian rhythms?
- A.
Estradiol
- B.
Insulin
- C.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
- D.
Melatonin
- 11.Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by:
- A.
The anterior pituitary
- B.
The posterior pituitary
- C.
The placenta
- D.
The thymus
- 12.What do insulin-like growth factors, neurotrophins, nitric oxide, and lymphokines have in common?
- A.
They are hormones
- B.
They are autocrine or paracrine regulators
- C.
They are neurotransmitters
- D.
They are all use cyclic AMP as a second messenger
- 13.The use of a chemical messenger to transfer information from cell to cell within a single tissue is referred to as ................. communication.
- A.
Direct
- B.
Paracrine
- C.
Hormonal
- D.
Endocrine
- 14.Cyclic AMP functions as a second messenger to:
- A.
Build proteins and catalyze specific reactions
- B.
Activate adenylate cyclase
- C.
Open ion channels and activate key enzymes in the cytoplasm
- D.
Bind the hormone receptor complex to DNA segments
- 15.Adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH) stimulates the release of:
- A.
Thyroid hormones by the hypothalamus
- B.
Gonadotropins by the adrenal gland
- C.
Growth hormones by the hypothalamus
- D.
Steroid hormones by the adrenal glands
- 16.FSH production in male supports:
- A.
The maturation of sperm by stimulating nurse cells
- B.
The development of muscles and strength
- C.
The production of male sex hormones
- D.
An increased desire for sexual activity
- 17.The two hormones releases by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland are:
- A.
GH and gonadotropin
- B.
Estrogen and progesterone
- C.
GH and prolactin
- D.
ADH and oxytocin
- 18.All of the following are true of the endocrine system, except:
- A.
Release chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body
- B.
Release hormones that simultaneously after the metabolism activities of many different tissue and organs
- C.
Produces effects that can last for hours days and even longer
- D.
Produces rapid local brief-duration response to specific stimuli.
- 19.All cell's hormonal sensitivities are determined by the:
- A.
Chemical nature of hormones
- B.
Quantity of circulating hormones
- C.
Shape of the hormone molecules
- D.
Presence of absence of appropriate receptors
- 20.Endocrine organs can be regulated by all of the following, except:
- A.
Hormones from other endocrine glands
- B.
Change in genetic make-up of certain hypothalamic cells
- C.
Direct neural stimulation
- D.
Changes in the composition of extracellular fluid
- 21.Which is not symptom of the Cushing's disease?
- A.
High BP
- B.
Hyperglycemia
- C.
Suppressed immune function
- D.
Goiter
- 22.Which of the following could be theoretically result on dwarfism?
- A.
Pituitary tumor making excess TSH
- B.
Inactivating mutations of IGF-1 receptors
- C.
Delayed onset of puberty
- D.
Normal GH, but decreased feedback of growth hormones on GHRH
- 23.Choose the correct statement:
- A.
During times of stress, cortisol acts as an anaerobic hormone in muscles and adipose tissue
- B.
A deficiency pf thyroid hormones would result in increased cellular concentrations of Na+/K+-ATPase pumps in target tissue.
- C.
A lack of iodide in the diet will have no significant effect on circulating thyroid hormones for at least several weeks
- D.
The posterior pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus by long portal vessels
- 24.Low plasma calcium intake cause:
- A.
PTH-mediated increase in 25-OH D.
- B.
Decrease in renal 1-hydroxylase activity
- C.
Decrease in the urinary excretion of calcium
- D.
Increase in vitamin D release from the skin
- 25.Role of melatonin:
- A.
Antioxidant effect as vitamin E
- B.
Participle in metabolism of glucose
- C.
Produce hyperglycemia
- D.
Produce low blood plasma calcium
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