Can You Pass This Difficult Physiology Exam? Trivia Quiz

44 Questions | By Makeitrein | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 47

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Living things have a very interesting mechanism. Do you consider yourself so well informed when it comes to physiology? The quiz below is designed to test out what you know when it comes to this field of study and how the human body works. Take it up and get to see just how much you know so far. All the best!

Questions and Answers

1.

Cellulose, glycogen, and starch are all polymers of:
- A.
  
  Glucose
- B.
  
  Amino acids
- C.
  
  Acetates
- D.
  
  Glycerol
- E.
  
  Sucrose
2.

Our mouth "waters" when the _____ branch of the autonomic nervous system stimulates ______ cells to transport _______ across the glandular epithelium.
- A.
  
  Sympathetic, duct, sodium
- B.
  
  Parasympathetic, acinar, sodium
- C.
  
  Sympathetic, acinar, sodium
- D.
  
  Somatic, duct, water
- E.
  
  Parasympathetic, acinar, calcium
3.

The s cells of the duodenal mucosa release _____, which binds to ______ in the exocrine pancreas
- A.
  
  Cholecystokinin(cck), acinar cells
- B.
  
  Secretin, duct cells
- C.
  
  Gastrin, parietal
- D.
  
  Lipase, acinar cells
4.

in the gastrointestinal system, which of the following cell types are enriched for carbonic anhydrase?
- A.
  
  S cells
- B.
  
  G cells
- C.
  
  Parietal cells
- D.
  
  Pancreatic duct cells
5.

lactase converts lactose to glucose and galactose. it is an example of a(n):
- A.
  
  Brush border enzyme
- B.
  
  Protease
- C.
  
  Amylase
- D.
  
  Transmembrane protein
6.

The blood supply to the liver contains
- A.
  
  Arterial blood from the left side of the heart
- B.
  
  Blood from the hepatic portal system
- C.
  
  Blood from the stomach
- D.
  
  Lymph from the lacteals
7.

The blood vessels in the intestinal villi carry blood into the _____ on the way to the liver:
- A.
  
  Lacteal
- B.
  
  Hepatic artery
- C.
  
  Hepatic vein
- D.
  
  Hepatic portal vein
- E.
  
  Lymphatic duct
8.

Which of the following is (are) found in the apical membranes of parietal cells?
- A.
  
  Gastrin receptor
- B.
  
  Acetylcholine receptor
- C.
  
  H2 histamine receptor
- D.
  
  K+/h+ atp dependent exchanger
- E.
  
  All except k+/h+ tap dependent exchanger
9.

Glucose in the small intestine moves from the lumen of the small intestine into the epithelial cells by:
- A.
  
  Osmosis
- B.
  
  Passive diffusion down a concentration gradient
- C.
  
  Passive diffusion through a transmembrane Na+ channel
- D.
  
  Cotransport with Na+
10.

Cholecystokinine (cck) is a _____ hormone that binds to _____ cells in the _____ to cause the release of digestive enzymes.
- A.
  
  Peptide, i-cells, stomach mucosa
- B.
  
  Steroid, duct epithelial cells, exocrine pancreas
- C.
  
  Peptide, acinar cells, exocrine pancreas
- D.
  
  Steroid, i-cells, stomach mucosa
- E.
  
  Peptide, acinar cells, stomach mucosa
11.

Chymotrypsin, which digests ____ into ____, is released as chymotrypsinogen from the _____.
- A.
  
  Starch, maltose, endocrine pancreas
- B.
  
  Starch, glucose, acinar cells of the pancreas
- C.
  
  Protein, peptides, acinar cells of the pancreas
- D.
  
  Protein, peptides, chief cells of the stomach epithelium
- E.
  
  Protein, amino acids, acinar cells of the pancreas
12.

Which of the following is (are) found in the apical plasma membranes of enterocytes in the small intestine?
- A.
  
  Amylase
- B.
  
  Trypsin
- C.
  
  Na+ driven amino acid transporters
- D.
  
  Carboxy peptidase
13.

For bile salts and bile acids _____ is ______.
- A.
  
  Cholesterol, hydrophobic
- B.
  
  Cholesterol, hydrophilic
- C.
  
  Taurine or glycine, hydrophilic
- D.
  
  Taurine or glycine, hydrophobic
14.

The role of pancreatic lipase is to:
- A.
  
  Remove waste products of hemoglobin destruction
- B.
  
  Break the ester bond between fatty acids and glycerol in triglycerides
- C.
  
  Convert fatty acids into acetate groups
- D.
  
  Act as a detergent and emulsify fats into smaller micelles
15.

Chylomicrons:
- A.
  
  Are assembled in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus of intestinal epithelial cells
- B.
  
  Released from intestinal epithelial cells
- C.
  
  Enter the lymphatic system
- D.
  
  Enter the blood in the subclavian vein
- E.
  
  All answers are correct
16.

in the kidney and small intestine, high concentrations of _____ permit the resorption of ______.
- A.
  
  Vasopressin, sodium
- B.
  
  Sodium, glucose
- C.
  
  Sodium, amino acids
- D.
  
  Insulin, glucose
17.

The aldosterone receptor is a _____ found in the _____.
- A.
  
  Transmembrane protein, cells of the proximal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Cytoplasmic protein, cells of the distal convoluted tubule
- C.
  
  Transmembrane protein, cells of the collecting duct
- D.
  
  Cytoplasmic protein, cells of the proximal convoluted tubule
18.

The vasa recta carry ______, and are _____ to ______.
- A.
  
  Filtrate, impermeable, protein
- B.
  
  Filtrate, impermeable, water and ions and urea
- C.
  
  Filtrate, permeable, proteins
- D.
  
  Blood, impermeable, water and ions and urea
- E.
  
  Blood, permeable, water and ions and urea
19.

Much of the ______ that returns water to the glomerulus in Bowman's capsule is produced by ______.
- A.
  
  Osmotic pressure, glucose
- B.
  
  Hydrostatic pressure, the heart
- C.
  
  Hydrostatic pressure, plasma proteins
- D.
  
  Osmotic pressure, plasma proteins
- E.
  
  Osmotic pressure, amino acids
20.

Vasopressin is a ______ hormone that binds to _____ in the _______ epithelial cells.
- A.
  
  Peptide hormone, cytoplasmic receptors, collecting duct
- B.
  
  Steroid hormone, cytoplasmic receptors, distal convoluted tubule
- C.
  
  Peptide hormone, g protein coupled receptors, descending limp of the loop of nephron
- D.
  
  Peptide hormone, g protein coupled receptors, collecting duct
- E.
  
  Steroid hormone, cytoplasmic receptors, collecting duct
21.

Cells of the macula densa recognize changes in ____ and contribute to the control of hydrostatic pressure in the _____.
- A.
  
  Glucose, vasa recta
- B.
  
  NaCl concentration, glomerulus
- C.
  
  KCl concentration, paratubular capilarry
- D.
  
  Amino acid concentration, glomerulus
- E.
  
  NaCl concentration, vasa recta
22.

An individual who has been on a diet high in sodium begins to eat a diet low in sodium, which of the following would you expect to be true in the hours to days after initiating the new diet?
- A.
  
  The cells of the adrenal cortex would decrease their output of aldosterone
- B.
  
  The number of aldosterone receptors located in the basilar plasma membranes of the epithelial cells of the dct would increase
- C.
  
  The cells of the adrenal cortex would increase their output of aldosterone
- D.
  
  Genes that code for Na+ channels and the Na/K ATPase would be turned on in epithelial cells of the dct
23.

In the proximal convoluted tubule, sodium leaves the epithelial cells by
- A.
  
  Diffusing down its concentration gradient through Na channels in the basilar membrane
- B.
  
  Diffusing down ints concentration gradient through Na channels in the apical membrane
- C.
  
  Being pumped across the basilar membrane by a Na/K ATPase
- D.
  
  Being pumped across the apical membrane by a Na/K ATPase
- E.
  
  Being transported with an amino acid on a Na+ driven cotransporter
24.

Following a 24 hour period of no water intake, you would expect blood levels of vasopressin to be ____ and number of _____ in epithelial cells of the collectin duct to be ______.
- A.
  
  High, aquaporins, high
- B.
  
  Low, aquaporins, low
- C.
  
  High, Na+ channels, low
- D.
  
  Low, Na+ channels, low
25.

The cell bodies of the neruons that form synapses in the diaphragm are found in the:
- A.
  
  Brain stem
- B.
  
  Cerebral cortex
- C.
  
  Ventral horn of the cervical spinal cord
- D.
  
  White matter of the spinal cord
- E.
  
  Sympathetic chain ganglia