NCLEX-RN [Pharmacology]

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All about medications. . .

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following must be observed by the nurse to a client taking Hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid)?
- A.
  
  Polyuria and diarrhea
- B.
  
  Dysphagia and restlessness
- C.
  
  Constipation and diaphoresis
- D.
  
  Respiratory depression and hypotension
Correct Answer
D. Respiratory depression and hypotension

Explanation
(4)Correct - Narcotic agent, used for moderate-to-severe pain. It depresses CNS function and induces SLEEP; therefore, respiration is decreased. Vital signs must be monitored when taking this medication (To prevent and detect early signs of side effects)

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2.

Which of the following is the expected effect of Hetestarch (Hespan)?
- A.
  
  Decreases the platelet count
- B.
  
  Increases the blood volume
- C.
  
  Increases the WBC
- D.
  
  Decreases the blood pressure
Correct Answer
B. Increases the blood volume

Explanation
(2)Correct - One way of remembering this is taking the word "STARCH" from "HETESTARCH". If you're one of those individuals who LOVES to cook, you would know that "STARCH" increases/volumizes.

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3.

Which of the following should the nurse be MOST concerned of in a client taking Prednisone (Deltasone)?
- A.
  
  Client is hypotensive
- B.
  
  Client is having an elevated temperature
- C.
  
  Client is experiencing episodes of syncope
- D.
  
  Client is having an increased menstual flow
Correct Answer
B. Client is having an elevated temperature

Explanation
(2)Correct - Prednisone(Deltasone) is a corticosteroid, which decreases the immune system and inflammation. Since the immune system is "depressed" client is HIGHLY-RISKED for acquiring INFECTION. Therefore, an elevation in temperature is a BIG concern to the nurse because it could be an early sign of INFECTION.

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4.

Which of the following effects should the nurse be MORE concerned of in clients taking Cisplatin?
- A.
  
  Nausea and vomiting
- B.
  
  Poor appetite
- C.
  
  Fatigue
- D.
  
  Decreased hearing
Correct Answer
D. Decreased hearing

Explanation
(4)Correct - Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug. Side effects are: Ototoxicity (loss of hearing), Alopecia (hair loss), Nephrotoxic, Neurotoxic, Nausea and Vomiting, Thombocytopenia, Leucopenia, EXTREME fatigue and Myelosuppression.

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5.

Gentamicin sulfate, 80mg in 100mL normal saline (NS), is to be administered over 30 minutes. The drop factor is 10 drops/mL. A nurse sets the flow rate at how many drops per minute? (Write the correct unit; eg. gtt/min, mL/hr, etc.)[Credits to: Linda Anne Silvestri; Saunders 4th Edition Comprehensive Review for NCLEX-RN]

Correct Answer
33.3gtt/min
33gtt/min

Explanation
Formula:
Total Volume x Drop Factor/Time in minutes = ____gtt/min.

100mL X 10gtt/mL / 30min = 1000gtt/30min = 33.3 OR 33gtt/min

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4

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Current Version
Jan 22, 2013

Quiz Edited by
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Jan 06, 2011

Quiz Created by
Eleina

NCLEX-RN [pharmacology]

Which of the following must be observed by the nurse to a client taking Hydromorphone hydrochloride (Dilaudid)?

Which of the following is the expected effect of Hetestarch (Hespan)?

Which of the following should the nurse be MOST concerned of in a client taking Prednisone (Deltasone)?

Which of the following effects should the nurse be MORE concerned of in clients taking Cisplatin?