Pharmacology Exam: Test Your GK! Quiz
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- 1.This subdivision of the Peripheral Nervous System controls voluntary skeletal movement:
- A.
Efferent Division
- B.
Somatic System
- C.
Parasympathetic System
- D.
Sympathetic System
- 2.Where is acetylcholine used as a neurotransmitter?
- A.
Pre-ganglionic nerve synapses
- B.
In neuroeffector junctions in the Parasympathetic Nervous System
- C.
Neuroeffector junction of the sympathoadrenal gland in the SNS
- D.
In sweat glands at the sympathetic cholinergic junction
- E.
In the somatic nervous system at the neuromuscular junction
- 3.Epinephrine is a neurotransmitter released from the adrenal gland.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.Where are nicotinic receptors located?
- A.
Effectors stimulated by norepinephrine
- B.
Ganglia of SNS & PSNS & neuromuscular junction of the Somatic NS
- C.
Sweat glands innervated by the SNS
- 5.When the sympathetic system is dominated, what will the effect be on the radial muscle of the eye?
- A.
Relaxation
- B.
Loss of control
- C.
Acceleration
- D.
Constriction
- 6.What is a way that the Parasympathetic & Sympathetic Nervous Systems "communicate"?
- A.
There is no communication between the two
- B.
They regulate each other's function. For example, when the Sympathetic NS is stimulated, acetylcholine release is decreased by the A2 receptor, leading to further "domination" of the SNS
- C.
They regulate each other's function. For example, when the Sympathetic NS is stimulated, norepinephrine release is decreased by the M5 receptor, leading to further "domination" of the Parasympathetic NS.
- 7.Smooth muscle in the skin is mediated by ____ stimulation & is thermoregulated.
- A.
A1
- B.
B1
- C.
A2
- D.
B2
- 8.The parasympathetic NS is termed the "fight or flight system"
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.The dominant parasympathetic/sympathetic tone controlling the bladder at rest is:
- A.
Parasympathetic
- B.
Sympathetic
- 10.Where does the synthesis of acetylcholine occur?
- A.
Neuroeffector junction of the SNS
- B.
Storage vesicles in the nerve ending
- C.
Cytoplasm of the nerve ending
- 11.Pseudocholinesterase is selective only for ACh.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.What happens to the majority of ACh that is released into the synapse of the nerve?
- A.
It is taken back into the cell by a reuptake pump
- B.
It is broken down rapidly by acetylcholinesterase
- C.
It is taken up by the cholinoceptors on the postsynaptic cell & creates action potential
- D.
It goes back into the cell to regulate its own release
- 13.The final step in the production of norepinephrine occurs in the cytoplasm of the nerve terminal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.What is responsible for the breakdown of norepinephrine?
- A.
COMT
- B.
BuChE
- C.
Various esterases
- D.
MAO
- 15.Which part of the release of ACh does Botox inhibit?
- A.
It inhibits the docking protein that causes the vesicle to dock with the cell membrane and release the contents of the vesicle
- B.
It inhibits the reuptake of acetylcholine, causing it to stay in the synapse for a longer period of time and have a greater therapeutic effect
- C.
It causes the ACh to be released prematurely from the vesicle
- D.
It blocks the regulation of ACh once it is released into the neuroeffector junction, leading to uncontrollable release
- 16.Why is a small dose of acetylcholine produce minimal effects?
- A.
Cardiovascular compensory reflexes
- B.
The dose is small & rapidly destroyed
- C.
Acetylcholine doesn't produce many effects
- D.
There is prolonged parasympathetic effect
- E.
The sympathetic nerves are stimulated
- 17.If you are trying to read a paper that is within 4 inches of your face, how does your eye compensate?
- A.
The ciliary muscle contracts, leading to pupillary constriction
- B.
The suspensory ligament relaxes
- C.
The lens of the eye becomes more concave
- D.
The lens of the eye becomes more flat
- E.
The ciliary muscle relaxes, leading to suspensory ligament contraction
- 18.Direct acting cholinomimetics bind to & activate muscarinic or nicotinic receptors
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.What is a name for a drug that mimicks the action of acetylcholine?
- A.
Cholinomimetics
- B.
Cholinergic agonists
- C.
Parasympathomimetics
- D.
Anticholinergics
- E.
Muscarinic agonists
- 20.Which kind of nicotinic receptor is stimulated by the Somatic Nervous System?
- A.
Nm
- B.
Nn
- 21.Where are the M2 cholinoceptor subtype located?
- A.
CNS, SNS cells
- B.
CNS, lung
- C.
CNS
- D.
Heart, neurons, smooth muscle
- E.
Glands, smooth muscle, endothelium
- 22.Which muscarinic receptors are linked to the Gi (inhibitory) pathway?
- A.
M1
- B.
M2
- C.
M3
- D.
M4
- E.
M5
- 23.There are muscarinic receptors on blood vessels.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.Without vagal stimulation, the heart rate is naturally faster.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 25.How are cholinomimetics useful in the treatment of glaucoma?
- A.
The radial muscle is contracted, leading to an escape of aqueous humor through the posterior chamber.
- B.
It leads to contraction of the ciliary muscles, which relaxes the suspensory ligaments of they eye, leading to aqueous humor outflow through the canal of schlemm leading to the anterior chamber.
- C.
Relaxation of the ciliary muscle leads to contraction of the suspensory ligament which leads to decreased IOP
- D.
Cholinomimetics are dangerous to use for the treatment of glaucoma.
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