Peripheral Nervous System And Synaptic Pharmacology 2: Nervous Conduction
Lecture 2
- 1.Which of the following statements is correct?
- A.
The Em for a RBC isn't -20mV
- B.
The outside of a cell is always negative with respect to the outside
- C.
The inside of a cell is always negative with respect to the outside
- D.
The Em for a neuron isn't -70mV
- 2.The resting membrane potential results from...
- A.
A high level of Cl- entering the cell
- B.
Active transport of ions across a membrane
- C.
An unequal distribution of ions across a selectively permeable membrane
- D.
Electrogenicity of NaK-ATP-ase
- 3.Na+...
- A.
Diffuses into the cell
- B.
Diffuses out of the cell
- 4.K+...
- A.
Diffuses into the cell
- B.
Diffuses out of the cell
- 5.Cl-...
- A.
Diffuses into the cell
- B.
Diffuses out of the cell
- 6.Ca2+...
- A.
Diffuses into the cell
- B.
Diffuses out of the cell
- 7.In depolarization...
- A.
The Vm becomes more positive than the resting potential
- B.
The Vm becomes more negative than the resting potential
- C.
The Vm moves back to the resting potential following depolarisation
- D.
The Vm remains constant
- 8.In repolarization...
- A.
The Vm becomes more positive than the resting potential
- B.
The Vm becomes more negative than the resting potential
- C.
The Vm moves back to the resting potential following depolarisation
- D.
The Vm remains constant
- 9.In hyperpolarization...
- A.
The Vm becomes more positive than the resting potential
- B.
The Vm becomes more negative than the resting potential
- C.
The Vm moves back to the resting potential following depolarisation
- D.
The Vm remains constant
- 10.Graded potentials...
- A.
Serve as short distance signals
- B.
Are 'all or nothing'
- C.
Serve as long distance signals
- D.
Do not act in muscles (end plate potentials)
- 11.Which of the following statements is untrue?
- A.
The change in voltage in a graded potential is greatest underneath a synapse
- B.
The signal of a graded potential is decromental
- C.
The larger the initial active area, the larger the decromental spread
- D.
The signal of a graded potential is undiminishing
- 12.The first stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
At peak of action potential voltage approaches Na+ equilibrium potential
- B.
Depolarization to the threshold potential activates voltage-gated Na+ channels. A positive feedback loop causes Na+ channels to further open.
- C.
Rapid depolarization occurs due to Na+ moving down its concentration and electrochemical gradient. Na+ channels rapidly inactivate.
- D.
Resting membrane potential; cell is permeable to K+
- 13.The second stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
At peak of action potential voltage approaches Na+ equilibrium potential
- B.
Depolarization to the threshold potential activates voltage-gated Na+ channels. A positive feedback loop causes Na+ channels to further open.
- C.
Rapid depolarization occurs due to Na+ moving down its concentration and electrochemical gradient. Na+ channels rapidly inactivate.
- D.
Resting membrane potential; cell is permeable to K+
- 14.The third stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
At peak of action potential voltage approaches Na+ equilibrium potential
- B.
Depolarization to the threshold potential activates voltage-gated Na+ channels. A positive feedback loop causes Na+ channels to further open.
- C.
Rapid depolarization occurs due to Na+ moving down its concentration and electrochemical gradient. Na+ channels rapidly inactivate.
- D.
Resting membrane potential; cell is permeable to K+
- 15.The fourth stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
At peak of action potential voltage approaches Na+ equilibrium potential
- B.
Depolarization to the threshold potential activates voltage-gated Na+ channels. A positive feedback loop causes Na+ channels to further open.
- C.
Rapid depolarization occurs due to Na+ moving down its concentration and electrochemical gradient. Na+ channels rapidly inactivate.
- D.
Resting membrane potential; cell is permeable to K+
- 16.The fifth stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
Voltage gated K+ channels inactivate
- B.
The NaK-ATP-ase gradually restores the ionic gradients
- C.
Voltage gated K+ channels open causing repolarization
- D.
Resting membrane potential is restored
- 17.The sixth stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
Voltage gated K+ channels inactivate
- B.
The NaK-ATP-ase gradually restores the ionic gradients
- C.
Voltage gated K+ channels open causing repolarization
- D.
Resting membrane potential is restored
- 18.The seventh stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
Voltage gated K+ channels inactivate
- B.
The NaK-ATP-ase gradually restores the ionic gradients
- C.
Voltage gated K+ channels open causing repolarization
- D.
Resting membrane potential is restored
- 19.The eighth stage of generating an action potential is...
- A.
Voltage gated K+ channels inactivate
- B.
The NaK-ATP-ase gradually restores the ionic gradients
- C.
Voltage gated K+ channels open causing repolarization
- D.
Resting membrane potential is restored
- 20.When a voltage-gated Na+ channel is closed...
- A.
Its activation and inactivation gates are open
- B.
Its activation and inactivation gates are closed
- C.
Its activation gate is open and its inactivation gate is closed
- D.
Its activation gate is closed and its inactivation gate is open
- 21.When a voltage-gated Na+ channel is open...
- A.
Its activation and inactivation gates are open
- B.
Its activation and inactivation gates are closed
- C.
Its activation gate is open and its inactivation gate is closed
- D.
Its activation gate is closed and its inactivation gate is open
- 22.When a voltage-gated Na+ channel is inactive...
- A.
Its activation and inactivation gates are open
- B.
Its activation and inactivation gates are closed
- C.
Its activation gate is open and its inactivation gate is closed
- D.
Its activation gate is closed and its inactivation gate is open
- 23.Which two of the following statements is true about absolute refractory periods?
- A.
The neuron cannot be restimulated
- B.
Na+ channels are inactivated
- C.
Greater stimulation required to trigger acion potential
- D.
K+ channels are still activated
- 24.Which two of the following statements is true about relative refractory periods?
- A.
The neuron cannot be restimulated
- B.
Na+ channels are inactivated
- C.
Greater stimulation required to trigger acion potential
- D.
K+ channels are still activated
- 25.The conduction velocity of a neuron depends on which two of the following?
- A.
Neuron class
- B.
Axon diameter
- C.
Myelination
- D.
Concentration of Na+ within the cell
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