Ansc 221: Cells, Metabolism, And Genetics
- 1.Plasma membranes are a feature of ______.
- A.
Prokaryotic cells
- B.
Eukaryotic cells
- C.
All cells
- D.
Plant cells only
- E.
Animal cells only
- 2.Which of the following is NOT a component of plasma membranes?
- A.
Glycosylated proteins
- B.
Glycosylated nucleic acids
- C.
Phospholipids
- D.
Glycolipids
- E.
Cholesterol
- 3.Which of the following are true of the plasma membrane?
- A.
It is composed of an extracellular and intracellular layer of phospholipids
- B.
The membrane contains peripheral proteins
- C.
Integral proteins span through the membrane
- D.
The membrane contains glycolipids and glycoproteins
- E.
B, C, and D
- 4.The pathway from the ER to the Golgi to the plasma membrane is called the ______.
- A.
Protein synthesis pathway
- B.
Protein sorting pathway
- C.
Trans-Golgi pathway
- D.
Secretory pathway
- E.
Route 66
- 5.The process of covalently attaching a carbohydrate to a protein or lipid is ______.
- A.
Glycosylation
- B.
Acetylation
- C.
Protein synthesis
- D.
Esterification
- E.
Facilitated diffusion
- 6.Which of the following are 2 major functions of the SRP protein/RNA complex?
- A.
Attaches to the nucleolus where ribosome subunits are assembled AND serves as a docking station for charged tRNAs
- B.
Recognizes the ER signal sequence and pauses translation AND SRP binds to receptor in ER membrane, which docks the ribosome over a channel protein
- C.
Provides a channel for electrolytes to enter and leave the endoplasmic reticulum AND recognizes the ER signal sequence and pauses translation
- 7.Facilitated diffusion but not passive diffusion requires energy.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 8.The following solutes have very low permeability through the plasma membrane.
- A.
Very small uncharged polar molecules
- B.
Water and urea
- C.
Charged polar molecules and macromolecules
- D.
Polar organic molecules
- E.
All of the above
- 9.Water can freely diffuse through animal cell membranes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.Which of the following organelles would become more active when a cell is induced to produce more protein secretions?
- A.
Nucleus, SER, vacuoles, plasma membrane
- B.
Nucleus, RER, Golgi, mitochondria
- C.
RER, Golgi, peroxisomes
- D.
Mitochondria, Golgi, lysosomes
- E.
All components of the endomembrane system
- 11.Approximately 75% of all genes encode transmembrane proteins.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.Which of the following is the major lipid found in membranes?
- A.
Steroids
- B.
Phospholipids
- C.
Cholesterol
- D.
Triglycerides
- E.
Saturated fatty acids
- 13.Which of the following is NOT true of the plasma membrane?
- A.
It is composed of an extracellular and intracellular layer of phospholipids
- B.
The membrane contains peripheral proteins
- C.
The membrane contains glycolipids and glycoproteins
- D.
Integral proteins span through the membrane
- E.
The extracellular and intracellular layer of leaflets are highly symmetrical
- 14.Scientists unearth a Wooly Mammoth from the Siberian Ice Sheath and discover that a eukaryotic "amoeba"-like cell is still alive. Which component of the cell membrane might contribute to maintaining the fluidity of plasma membranes under freezing conditions?
- A.
Peripheral proteins
- B.
High levels of long fatty acyl tails within the lipid bilayer
- C.
High levels of unsaturated fatty acyl tails within the lipid bilayer
- D.
Absence of cholesterol
- E.
High levels of saturated fatty acyl tails within the lipid bilayer
- 15.The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane to balance solute concentrations is called osmosis and requires energy output.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Carbohydrates of the plasma membrane ____.
- A.
Are associated with a protein or lipid
- B.
Are located on the outer surface of the plasma membrane
- C.
Can function as cell markers for recognition by other cells
- D.
A and B
- E.
All of the above
- 17.A transmembrane protein in the plasma membrane is glycosylated at two sites in the polypeptide sequence. One site is Asn-Val-Ser and the other is Asn-Gly-Thn. Where in the protein would you expect these two sites to be found?
- A.
In hydrophilic regions that project into the extracellular environment
- B.
In hydrophilic regions the project into the cytosol
- C.
In transmembrane segments
- D.
Could be anywhere
- E.
A and B
- 18.What structural features of a membrane are major contributors to selective permeability?
- A.
Glycolipids on the outer surface of the membrane
- B.
Peripheral membrane proteins on the inside of the membrane
- C.
Phospholipid bilayer
- D.
Lipid exchage proteins
- E.
C and D
- 19.Both ______ and _______ are performed by transmembrane proteins, but the latter requires the input of some types of energy.
- A.
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion
- B.
Facilitated diffusion, active transport
- C.
Diffusion, active transport
- D.
Active transport, osmosis
- E.
Osmosis, diffusion
- 20.What term is used to describe the process in which water is moved across a membrane to try and equilibrate solute concentration on either side of the membrane?
- A.
Osmosis
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Facilitated diffusion
- D.
Passive diffusion
- E.
Active transport
- 21.An electrochemical gradient occurs with solutes that have a net positive or negative charge.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 22.If cells are in a _____ environment, this means that the concentration of a solute is ______ outside the cell than inside.
- A.
Hypertonic, higher
- B.
Hypotonic, lower
- C.
Hypotonic, higher
- D.
Hypertonic, lower
- E.
A and B
- 23.Secreted proteins most likely will pass through the _____, particularly if they are ____ prior to being moved out of the cell.
- A.
Rough ER, activated
- B.
Nucleus, phosphorylated
- C.
Golgi apparatus, glycosylated
- D.
Smooth ER, translated
- E.
Lysosome, cleaved
- 24.The process by which large macromolecules are transported outside the cell via vesicle formation at the Golgi apparatus and subsequent fusion with the plasma membrane is called ______.
- A.
Facilitated diffusion
- B.
Active transport
- C.
Endocytosis
- D.
Exocytosis
- 25.All cells of a multicellular organism may not respond in the same manner to a particular ligand that binds to a cell surface receptor. The difference in response may be due to _____.
- A.
The type of receptor for the ligand that the cell expresses
- B.
The type of signal transduction pathways that the cell expresses
- C.
The affinity of the ligand for the receptor in a given cell type
- D.
The type of target proteins that the cell expresses
- E.
All of the above
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