Objective 1 - Nervous System Classifications

Explanation
The somatic nervous system is the part of the nervous system that is under voluntary control. It is responsible for controlling voluntary movements and sensory information from the body to the central nervous system. This system includes the nerves that control skeletal muscles and the sensory receptors that provide information about touch, pain, temperature, and position of the body. The central nervous system refers to the brain and spinal cord, while the autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions of the body. Therefore, the correct classification for the part of the nervous system that is under voluntary control is the somatic nervous system.

Explanation
If nerves belonging to the somatic nervous system were damaged, we would probably not be able to move the skeletal muscles of our arms and legs. The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and controls the skeletal muscles. Damaged nerves would disrupt the communication between the brain and the muscles, resulting in a loss of control and inability to move the muscles in our arms and legs.

Explanation
Slowed breathing is a parasympathetic response because the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for rest and relaxation. When the body is in a relaxed state, the parasympathetic system slows down the heart rate, decreases breathing rate, and promotes calmness. Slowed breathing allows the body to conserve energy and promotes a state of relaxation and rest.

Explanation
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response, which is activated in situations of fear or stress. It increases heart rate, dilates blood vessels, and releases stress hormones like adrenaline, preparing the body to either confront the threat or escape from it. This response helps the body to respond quickly and effectively to the danger posed by the chasing zombie.

Explanation
The central nervous system includes the entire brain and the spinal cord. It is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the peripheral nervous system. The brain controls our thoughts, emotions, and actions, while the spinal cord relays messages between the brain and the rest of the body. The autonomic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system and are responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions.