Nutrition Exam 4
Nutrition
- 1.
Which statement describes the relationship of bone calcium to blood calcium?
- A.
If dietary calcium is low, both blood and bone levels will decline.
- B.
If dietary calcium is low, bone calcium is sacrificed to maintain blood calcium.
- C.
If dietary calcium is low, blood calcium is sacrificed to maintain bone calcium.
- D.
Blood levels of calcium are a good indicator of the calcium status of bone.
Correct Answer
B. If dietary calcium is low, bone calcium is sacrificed to maintain blood calcium. -
- 2.
The consumption of soda
- A.
The consumption of soda
- B.
Has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk.
- C.
Is about the same as it has been for the last 20 years.
- D.
Is not of nutritional concern.
Correct Answer
B. Has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk. -
- 3.
Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?
- A.
Muscle contraction.
- B.
ATP stabilization
- C.
Blood pressure regulation
- D.
Hormone secretion
Correct Answer
B. ATP stabilization -
- 4.
Which statement about the DRI for calcium is correct?
- A.
The calcium DRI allows for maximum calcium retention.
- B.
The calcium DRI is an average recommendation some people will need more.
- C.
The calcium DRI is enough to prevent the loss of calcium due to decreasing estrogen levels or sedentary lifestyle.
- D.
The calcium DRI is not high enough since higher intakes will increase the amount of calcium retained by the body.
Correct Answer
A. The calcium DRI allows for maximum calcium retention. -
- 5.
Peak bone mass is achieved
- A.
In infancy
- B.
In early childhood
- C.
In early adulthood in early adulthood
- D.
During menopause
Correct Answer
C. In early adulthood in early adulthood -
- 6.
Loss of bone mass and increased risk of fractures associated with aging is termed
- A.
Osteofissure
- B.
Osteomalacia
- C.
Osteoporosis
- D.
Osteopropensia
Correct Answer
C. Osteoporosis -
- 7.
Which is the correct relationship of smoking and drinking to osteoporosis risk?
- A.
Smoking increases risk while drinking decreases it.
- B.
Smoking and drinking both increase risk.
- C.
Smoking decreases risk while drinking increases it.
- D.
Smoking and drinking both decrease risk.
Correct Answer
B. Smoking and drinking both increase risk. -
- 8.
Which statement regarding lactose intolerance is true?
- A.
Lactose intolerance must be treated with calcium supplements to avoid osteoporosis.
- B.
Lactose intolerance means a person can eat no dairy products.
- C.
The symptoms of lactose intolerance can be avoided by using products treated with the lactase enzyme.
- D.
Lactose intolerance is common in individuals of all ethnic backgrounds.
Correct Answer
C. The symptoms of lactose intolerance can be avoided by using products treated with the lactase enzyme. -
- 9.
Which group could benefit from calcium supplements if calcium needs are not met with diet alone?
- A.
Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass.
- B.
Post-menopausal women.
- C.
People with decreased bone density.
- D.
All these groups could benefit.
Correct Answer
D. All these groups could benefit. -
- 10.
Which of the following is NOT a major function of phosphorus in the body?
- A.
Contributor to bone and teeth structure
- B.
Constituent of DNA
- C.
Acid-base buffer
- D.
Helps to regulate of blood pressure levels
Correct Answer
D. Helps to regulate of blood pressure levels -
- 11.
Magnesium's major functions in the body include all of the following except?
- A.
blood clotting
- B.
Cofactor for many enzymes
- C.
division of growing cells
- D.
Maintenance of bones
Correct Answer
A. blood clotting -
- 12.
Good sources of magnesium include all of the following except:
- A.
Leafy green vegetables.
- B.
Processed foods.
- C.
Nuts.
- D.
Whole grains.
Correct Answer
B. Processed foods. -
- 13.
Most of the magnesium in the body is in:
- A.
the bone
- B.
the blood
- C.
intracellular fluid
- D.
Extracellular fluid
Correct Answer
A. the bone -
- 14.
Blood levels of magnesium are regulated primarily by
- A.
Absorption across the small intestine.
- B.
The amount consumed in the diet.
- C.
the liver.
- D.
The kidney.
Correct Answer
D. The kidney. -
- 15.
Which statement concerning magnesium deficiency is untrue?
- A.
Magnesium deficiency is common in the general population.
- B.
Magnesium deficiency symptoms include changes in heartbeat and blood pressure.
- C.
Magnesium deficiency can be caused by diuretics
- D.
Magnesium deficiency is more common when gastrointestinal disease is present.
Correct Answer
A. Magnesium deficiency is common in the general population. -
- 16.
In the body, sulfur plays an important part in the structure of
- A.
Adipose tissue
- B.
Bones and teeth
- C.
Enzymes
- D.
some amino acids and vitamins
Correct Answer
D. some amino acids and vitamins -
- 17.
Which is the FALSE statement about absorption of calcium?
- A.
Absorption of calcium decreases during pregnancy
- B.
Taking large amounts of calcium supplements may interfere with absorption of copper and zinc
- C.
The presence of lactose enhances the rate of calcium absorption
- D.
The presence of vitamin D enhances calcium absorption
Correct Answer
A. Absorption of calcium decreases during pregnancy -
- 18.
Lack of which trace element is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide?
- A.
Copper
- B.
iodine
- C.
iron
- D.
Zinc
Correct Answer
C. iron -
- 19.
Which of the following is NOT a good source of heme iron?
- A.
Beef
- B.
Chicken
- C.
Salmon
- D.
Spinach
Correct Answer
D. Spinach -
- 20.
Which of the following would NOT enhance absorption of the iron found in supplements?
- A.
Taking the supplement at a meal containing beef
- B.
taking the supplement with a calcium supplement
- C.
Taking the supplement at a meal containing fish
- D.
Taking the supplement with orange juice
Correct Answer
B. taking the supplement with a calcium supplement -
- 21.
When the intake of ________ is high, copper absorption into the blood is inhibited.
- A.
Chromium
- B.
Fluoride
- C.
Iodine
- D.
Zinc
Correct Answer
D. Zinc -
- 22.
The symptoms of zinc deficiency include all of the following except:
- A.
Hair loss
- B.
Impaired reproduction
- C.
Anemia
- D.
reduced immune function
Correct Answer
C. Anemia -
- 23.
One form of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD. , which has antioxidant properties, contains the trace element __________.
- A.
iron
- B.
Copper
- C.
sulfur
- D.
Sodium
Correct Answer
B. Copper -
- 24.
Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding zinc's function in the body?
- A.
Zinc is a cofactor for many enzymes.
- B.
Zinc is needed for development of sex organs.
- C.
Zinc is needed for growth and tissue repair.
- D.
Zinc is needed for synthesis of vitamin E.
Correct Answer
D. Zinc is needed for synthesis of vitamin E. -
- 25.
What is the primary function of iodine in the body?
- A.
An antioxidant, to reduce the number of free radicals
- B.
A component of hemoglobin
- C.
A component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolic rate
- D.
it functions in carbohydrate metabolism
Correct Answer
C. A component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolic rate -
- 26.
Iodine deficiency during pregnancy may cause _____________ in the infant.
- A.
cretinism
- B.
diabetes
- C.
Fetal goiter syndrome
- D.
Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer
A. cretinism -
- 27.
Substances that interfere with the utilization of iodine or with the function of the thyroid gland are called
- A.
Deleterious iodine compounds
- B.
Goitrogens
- C.
Thyroid function abusers (TFA.
- D.
Thyroid interference aggregates
Correct Answer
B. Goitrogens -
- 28.
Marginal chromium deficiency has been linked to
- A.
Breast cancer
- B.
Polio
- C.
Strokes
- D.
Type 2 diabetes
Correct Answer
D. Type 2 diabetes -
- 29.
The best source of chromium is
- A.
Dairy
- B.
whole grains
- C.
Vegetables
- D.
Fruits
Correct Answer
B. whole grains -
- 30.
The poorest source of fluoride among the following is
- A.
Toothpaste
- B.
foods cooked with Teflon
- C.
Tea
- D.
Pork
Correct Answer
D. Pork -
- 31.
Fluoride has shown to be effective in preventing _________.
- A.
Colon cancer
- B.
Dental caries
- C.
Hearing loss
- D.
Obesity
Correct Answer
B. Dental caries -
- 32.
Which of the following trace elements is not a component of an antioxidant enzyme?
- A.
Copper
- B.
iodine
- C.
Selenium
- D.
Zinc
Correct Answer
B. iodine -
- 33.
_________ is (are. a good source of zinc.
- A.
Almonds
- B.
Bananas
- C.
chocolate
- D.
Red meat
Correct Answer
D. Red meat -
- 34.
____________ is a component of gluthathione peroxidase that helps destroy free radicals.
- A.
Molybdenum
- B.
Nickel
- C.
Selenium
- D.
Boron
Correct Answer
C. Selenium -
- 35.
Which of the following statements is true?
- A.
Substances that are stored in the body are more likely to be toxic because they accumulate over time.
- B.
Poor health status decreases the body's ability to store toxins.
- C.
The absorption of mercury is enhanced by high dietary selenium.
- D.
The absorption of lead is enhanced by the presence of iron.
Correct Answer
A. Substances that are stored in the body are more likely to be toxic because they accumulate over time. -
- 36.
The HACCP system places responsibility for food safety on
- A.
The consumer.
- B.
The regulatory agencies.
- C.
The manufacturer.
- D.
The distributor.
Correct Answer
C. The manufacturer. -
- 37.
A "use by" date indicates
- A.
The last day that a product can be safely consumed.
- B.
the last day the product is likely to be at peak flavor and quality.
- C.
The last day that a store can sell a product.
- D.
The day when significant deterioration has already occurred.
Correct Answer
B. the last day the product is likely to be at peak flavor and quality. -
- 38.
Pasteurization of milk or eggs involves the use of
- A.
Chemicals
- B.
Antibiotics
- C.
Heat
- D.
High pressure
Correct Answer
C. Heat -
- 39.
Which governmental agency is responsible for inspection of meat and poultry?
- A.
Center for Disease Control
- B.
Food and Drug Administration
- C.
Environmental Protection Agency
- D.
United States Department of Agriculture
Correct Answer
D. United States Department of Agriculture -
- 40.
Wiping a soiled counter with a cloth, then wiping a cutting board with the same cloth is an example of
- A.
Critical control points
- B.
Cross-contamination
- C.
HACCP
- D.
The danger zone
Correct Answer
B. Cross-contamination -
- 41.
Which of the following will help prevent foodborne illnesses?
- A.
Thoroughly cooking hamburger, chicken and eggs.
- B.
Storing food properly.
- C.
Preventing cross-contamination.
- D.
All answer choices are correct.
Correct Answer
D. All answer choices are correct. -
- 42.
The most common food(s. implicated in cases of Salmonella food-borne infection is (are.:
- A.
Beef and pork
- B.
Dairy products
- C.
Eggs and chicken
- D.
Shellfish
Correct Answer
C. Eggs and chicken -
- 43.
Which microorganism grows at refrigeration temperature and can cause meningitis?
- A.
Campylobacter jejuni
- B.
E. Coli O157:H7
- C.
Listeria monocytogenes
- D.
Salmonella
Correct Answer
C. Listeria monocytogenes -
- 44.
Which is true regarding a food-borne intoxication?
- A.
A food-borne intoxication is caused by consuming food contaminated with a virus
- B.
A food-borne intoxication is caused by consuming water contaminated with bacteria
- C.
A foodborne intoxication is caused by consuming a food contaminated with a toxin produced by a pathogen
- D.
Foodborne intoxications only occur when large numbers of microorganisms are present in the food
Correct Answer
C. A foodborne intoxication is caused by consuming a food contaminated with a toxin produced by a pathogen -
- 45.
Food such as hamburgers must be cooked _______________ to kill E. Coli O157:H7 bacteria and toxin.
- A.
To 140 F
- B.
To 160 F
- C.
To 212 F
- D.
Cooking does not destroy E. Coli 0157:H7
Correct Answer
B. To 160 F -
- 46.
_____________ is a virus and washing one's hands after using the bathroom provides the greatest protection against the spread of it.
- A.
E. Coli O157:H7
- B.
Giardia lamblia
- C.
Hepatitis A
- D.
Shigella
Correct Answer
C. Hepatitis A -
- 47.
Which is a parasite that has caused illnesses among hikers and children in day care centers?
- A.
E. Coli O157:H7
- B.
Giardia lamblia
- C.
Hepatitis A
- D.
Shigella
Correct Answer
B. Giardia lamblia -
- 48.
Raw hamburger patties are taken to the grill on a platter. After they are cooked, the patties are returned to the unwashed platter and served. This is an example of
- A.
Cross contamination
- B.
Efficient use of kitchen equipment
- C.
Food adulteration
- D.
Food intoxication
Correct Answer
A. Cross contamination -
- 49.
Which statement about mold toxins is correct?
- A.
Aflatoxin causes hallucinations.
- B.
Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen.
- C.
Ergot is a common toxin in rye bread in the US.
- D.
Ergot is a potent mutagen.
Correct Answer
B. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen. -
- 50.
The primary advantage of irradiating food is
- A.
It destroys microorganisms and insects and prolongs the shelf life of the product
- B.
It makes the growing plant more insect resistant
- C.
It is the most economical method of food preservation
- D.
It boosts the nutritional value of the food product
Correct Answer
A. It destroys microorganisms and insects and prolongs the shelf life of the product -
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Mar 21, 2022Quiz Edited by
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